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Pavimento urbano e desempenho térmico: modelos microclimáticos aplicados ao planejamento do território
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-31)
Kowalski, Luiz Fernando
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Masiero, Érico
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Lopes, António Manuel Saraiva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2691827106518167
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8665-335X
This study aims to develop microclimate models to evaluate the interaction between pavements and the built environment, thereby supporting territorial planning. Two models were used: the physical PAVSCAM (PAVment and Street Canyon Model) and the numerical ENVI-met. The research also analyzed measurement and simulation errors, and errors related to the scale of analysis. It explored the relationship between changes in urban pavements and responses measured by the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) across different Brazilian climates. Additionally, the AHP-Gaussian multi-criteria methodology was applied to identify the optimal urban pavement solution. Throughout the study, different urban forms, albedos, and thermal masses were assessed. Findings revealed that the highest average heat flows occur in canyons with graphite-colored concrete pavements, particularly in areas with shorter buildings, due to increased pavement exposure to solar radiation. For real urban scale estimates, the study recommends using ENVI-met data (MAE = ±0.59) or physical models (MAE = ±0.66) in comparison to on-site measurements. Regarding thermal comfort, the UTCI showed significant variation in hot and dry areas. East-west oriented streets without shade experienced increased thermal stress in the late afternoon, attributed to higher albedo or thermal inertia. Concrete pavements exhibited a rise in thermal stress from “Strong” to “Very Strong,” indicating that high albedo or inertia surfaces can lead to discomfort in urban canyons. While high-albedo materials like concrete can enhance thermal conditions in cooler and wetter zones by promoting heat dissipation and lowering air temperatures, their benefits are not universally applicable, particularly during the late hours of the day. The results provide essential tools for analyzing urban pavements and integrating them into climate-responsive projects within tropical contexts. By complementing field data with these new perspectives, the study enables a more robust and effective analysis for urban pavement planning, ensuring infrastructures are better adapted to local climatic conditions.
Estratégias de marketing digital e comunicação não verbal no discurso político eleitoral: uma abordagem do caso da campanha eleitoral de Helder Barbalho em 2022 pelo Instagram
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-31)
Velani, Paula Barbosa
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Fonseca, Sérgio Azevedo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2879240108726907
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8457-2668
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1878274299135440
Political communication on social media plays a crucial role in strengthening the connection between politicians and their audience. The growing use of these new media in the 21st century is revolutionizing communication, facilitating more dynamic interactions among users. The use of digital marketing resources and non-verbal communication not only enables the creation of assertive content but also contributes to building a charismatic leader figure on social media. In this ever-evolving digital era, this research aimed to address a case of effective political engagement during election campaigns, with Instagram, emphasizing its focus on images and videos, standing out as a key platform for political communication. To that end, the research was based on literature about digital marketing and content marketing techniques. Furthermore, it investigated relevant non-verbal elements to build a credible, positive, and persuasive political image. Methodologically, with a qualitative approach, the research conducted a single case study of Helder Zahluth Barbalho's 2022 gubernatorial campaign for the State of Pará, focusing on video and image content on the Instagram platform. Thus, this work aims to contribute to the debate on new forms of relationship through digital media and provide insights for those who wish to enter the political arena effectively.
Dieta e potencial de dispersão de sementes por canídeos no Cerrado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-31)
Feliciano, Renato D'Elia
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Christianini, Alexander Vicente
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2295622727813765
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1538-791X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6646421989002171
The order of carnivores has several representatives that consume fruit and could potentially act in seed dispersal. Despite this, few Neotropical carnivore species have their diet studied in detail, including identification of plant material, and their potential as seed dispersers, especially in relation to qualitative and quantitative aspects. In this study, we highlight two species of canids (Canidae, Carnivora), the Maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus) and the Crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous), which simultaneously have a diet based largely on frugivory and great potential as seed dispersers. We quantified the diet of both canids based on fecal samples obtained in the field in southeastern Brazil for 15 months. The Maned wolf showed an omnivorous, generalista diet, based mainly on rodents, birds, various fruits and the fruit of the wolf tree (Solanum lycocarpum). The diet varied seasonally: The Maned wolf consumed more rodents and S. lycocarpum during the dry season, while the other fruits were consumed more during the rainy season. In addition, the Maned wolf positively selected some prey such as the rodent genera Necromys and Clyomys, and some fruits (such as Psidium grandifolium and S. lycocarpum). Regarding the role of these canids in seed dispersal, we compared the germination percentage and time of seeds that had passed through their digestive tract with seeds planted with fruit pulp and seeds cleaned by hand. For the Maned wolf, we identified that 18 species, out of the 23 present in its diet, to have viable seeds after ingestion. For the Crab-eating fox, from 12 species present in its diet, eight has seeds viable after being eaten. Both canids proved to be legitimate dispersers of Cerrado species, mainly of plants with medium and large fruits (>1cm), but also of species with smaller fruits (Miconia sp.). From the 14 plant species tested, five germinated more after passing through the digestive tract of canids compared to the controls, while two germinated less. For the other species there was no difference in the germination percentage between the seeds defecated and those in whole fruits. Finally, by calculating the gut passage time of the Crab-eating fox (17.8 ± 5 hs), it is possible to infer they can deposit seeds at long distances from the mother plant. The study made it possible to deepen our knowledge about the diet of the Maned wolf, highlighting which resources are essential for their occurrence in natural areas, providing us with information on food selectivity and how seasonality influences its diet. Finally, it allowed us to affirm their legitimacy as seed dispersers for many species and to understand their importance for the dynamics and maintenance of this process in the Cerrado.
Comportamento informacional de surdos em bibliotecas universitárias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-31)
França, Maísa Coelho
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Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8178008768291056
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3101-1389
The 2022 Higher Education Census conducted by the Anísio Teixeira National Institute for Educational Studies and Research (INEP) revealed that 2,592 individuals with hearing impairments were enrolled in Higher Education institutions across Brazil. The presence of deaf individuals in Higher Education necessitates the adaptation of university libraries to meet this demand. This entails an awareness of deaf culture to serve the deaf community effectively. This research aimed to investigate the information behaviour of deaf users who use (or have used, in the case of those who have already graduated) university libraries during their academic training. To investigate information behaviour, this research drew upon the theories of Wilson (information behaviour models), Dervin (sense-making), and Chatman (small world). The data were collected via an online questionnaire developed in Brazilian Sign Language, comprising three open-ended questions, 14 multiple-choice items, nine statements on a Likert scale of agreement, and one field for suggestions. The questionnaire was e-mailed to 199 Brazilian Higher Education institutions, deaf associations, and individuals from the deaf community, including interpreters. The snowball sampling technique was employed to gain access to the deaf community. A total of 95 responses were obtained, and the results demonstrate that the survey participants hold undergraduate, technologist, specialisation, Master's, and Doctoral degrees. Among the respondents, 18% do not use their institution's library facilities. However, among those who do, they report that library environments are conducive to the needs of deaf individuals, to the extent that they are recommended to other deaf people, irrespective of accessibility and collection issues. Of all the participants, 62% typically visit the library independently. Nevertheless, those who do not feel at ease reading and writing in Portuguese typically attend the library accompanied by other deaf individuals. A majority of participants exhibited a notable inclination towards human sources when searching for information, and 65% demonstrated the ability to identify reliable information, while 68% asserted their capacity to assess the usefulness of the information they retrieve for their information needs. Furthermore, regarding the theories employed, it was possible to discern the 'intervening variables' (demographic, environmental, and source characteristics) and the 'risk/reward theory' of Wilson's information behaviour model; the impact of context and variables such as security, values, and attitudes in facilitating the process of sense-making, as proposed by Dervin; and certain characteristics of the deaf respondent community that align with the concept of a small world, as postulated by Chatman. It is incumbent upon the university library to provide access to quality information from reliable sources. Librarians must work to eradicate possible contexts of information poverty. The task of understanding the deaf community is a complex one, which extends far beyond Brazilian legislation that guarantees their rights, including linguistic rights. Constructing a genuinely inclusive university library environment for these individuals – and not only for them – the library and its professionals must demonstrate a keen awareness of their community and the evolving trends within society. It is essential to adopt a welcoming and inclusive approach towards deaf individuals to facilitate their access to information resources and support their academic training.
Obtenção e caracterização de IPMC´S tendo como material eletroativo nanocompósitos de copolímeros tribloco estireno-butadieno-estireno/nanocristais de celulose
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-31)
Gall, Paulo Oliveira
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Scuracchio, Carlos Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0896060959622431
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7723-0213
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9365514266404108
Ionomeric Polymer-Metal Composites (IPMC) are versatile materials with applications in various fields, including robotics, medicine, actuator and sensor technology. These composites consist of a layer of ionomeric electroactive polymer sandwiched between two metallic electrodes. When subjected to an electrical stimulus, they deform in response to the applied voltage, and conversely, they can produce an electrical response when mechanically deformed. Nafion, a sulfonated polymer with a perfluorinated chain, is a commonly used material in IPMC studies due to its excellent ionic conduction properties. However, Nafion has drawbacks such as high cost, poor recyclability, biodegradability issues, and reduced conductivity in low-humidity or high-temperature conditions. To address these limitations, researchers have explored sulfonating other polymers to achieve desirable conductive properties and modify the interaction between constituent monomers, creating nanostructures to enhance conduction. The usage of block polymers like styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) makes it possible to control the morphology of the composite and adds versatility to the material. Another area of interest involves incorporating renewable fillers to modify both mechanical properties and ionic conduction mechanisms. Cellulose nanocrystals, with their high hydrophilic character, can improve ionic conduction and mechanical properties while contributing to the sustainability of the material. This approach aligns with the goal of creating sensors based on renewable resources. In the context of this project, sulfonation of the styrenic phase of an SBS-type copolymer, incorporation and dispersion of cellulose nanocrystals, and usage of the resulting composite to manufacture IPMCs is proposed, as well as the impact of incorporating nanocellulose on its properties.
Exploring the potential of eukaryotic microalgae: a biochemical, bioactive, and metabolomic study
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-11-01)
Solidade, Lucas Santos
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Lombardi, Ana Teresa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6737850858443813
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4299-3640
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3866513568022265
Microalgae are unicellular photosynthetic microorganisms whose use dates back to ancient times. They stand out for their ability to accumulate proteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids, pigments, and bioactive compounds with nutritional and industrial potential. This study aimed to explore freshwater eukaryotic microalgae by evaluating their chemical composition, as well as their potential applications in the nutraceutical, bioenergy and pharmaceutical sectors. For this purpose, 26 different species of microalgae were evaluated, of which 12 had their biochemical compositions characterized. The microalgae Pediastrum sp. and Chlorella emersonii presented the most promising macromolecular compositions for industrial feasibility studies, with growth rates higher than the other algae (0.96 and 0.90 d-1) and protein content greater than 60%. Pediastrum sp. also stood out for its higher percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids and superior antioxidant activity, making it promising as a nutritional source. Regarding antimicrobial activity, the microalga C. emersonii was able to inhibit the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis. After fractionation, its antimicrobial potential increased, with fractions B and C showing the ability to inhibit the growth of S. aureus at concentrations of up to 50 µg.mL-1 and S. mutans at up to 25 µg.mL-1. Metabolic analysis of these fractions indicated the significant presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids, likely responsible for the antimicrobial activity, as well as secondary compounds that require further investigation. The anti-obesity activity of the extracts was also observed, with lipid-reducing, anti-inflammatory, and appetite-suppressing potential in the microalgae S. bibraianum and Dictyosphaerium sp. S. bibraianum demonstrated the highest lipid-reducing activity, reducing lipid reserves by up to 50%, while Dictyosphaerium sp. exhibited the greatest appetite-suppressing (70% inhibition) and anti-inflammatory activity (95% inhibition). Metabolomic analysis revealed metabolites such as chlorophyll derivatives and polar lipids associated with these bioactivities. The assays also indicated an absence of cytotoxicity in the extracts. In conclusion, the microalgae C. emersonii, Pediastrum sp., and Dictyosphaerium sp. show promise for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications. They may be further explored for future industrial applications, standing out from the other algae evaluated in this study.
A dimensão ética da catalogação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-11-01)
Silva, Cleide Oliveira da
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Zafalon, Zaira Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1584935790390793
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4467-2138
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8164817372542198
In the current context of information retrieval, characterized by technological advances and the search for quick answers in different media and communication platforms, cataloging plays a central role. The bibliographic description allows you to access and retrieve information about collections efficiently and with a focus on users' needs. However, this process is not without ethical implications, which can impact the way information is accessed and interpreted. Given this, this research analyzed how the International Cataloging Principles (ICP) reflect these ethical values. Through a qualitative approach, of an applied nature, with exploratory objectives and the use of bibliographic and documentary research, in addition to the narrative review method, the ethical values present in the ICP were examined. The results highlighted the ethical dimension existing in the literature on bibliographic representation, confirmed and contrasted with the ICP. It was concluded that certain ethical values are not yet included in the current Principles, suggesting the need for future research to evaluate the possibility of updating the ICP, in order to include ethical values that are absent in the current guidelines.
Perfil do padrão de resistência a antibióticos dos uropatógenos isolados de pacientes admitidos em um Hospital e uma análise reflexiva sobre a iniciação científica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-11-01)
Pereira, Mariana Negri
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Monti, José Fernando Casquel
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1641654071358324
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0131-7926
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2891348185034112
Introduction: Urinary tract infections (UTI) are very prevalent and, in general, empirical antibiotic therapies are used due to the time required to obtain urine culture results. It is known, however, that the indiscriminate use of these medications contributes to the phenomenon of antimicrobial resistance. In this sense, knowledge about the local prevalence of uropathogens and their pattern of resistance to antimicrobials is essential for designing a more appropriate empirical treatment, aiming to avoid bacterial resistance and maximize therapeutic success. Objectives: Determine the frequency of uropathogens and the antibiotic resistance profile of patients with community UTI admitted to a hospital in October/2018-2020. Methodology: Data from 1602 positive urine cultures and antibiograms (sex, age, uropathogen species and sensitivity to antimicrobials) were tabulated and the prevalence of the species and the global resistance profile were calculate, by sex and age group. For comparisons, the Chi-square test was used, using Fisher's exact test when necessary (BioEstat program, adopting a p value < 0.05). Results: Globally, infections were more prevalent in women and the elderly. Bacteria were detected in 1528 urine cultures (95.38%), of which 1382 (90.44%) were Gram-negative and 146 (9.56%) were Gram-positive. The most prevalent species were: Escherichia coli (63.87%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.34%), Proteus mirabilis (5.69%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.06%), and Enterococcus faecalis (4.06%). In both sexes, E. coli was significantly higher in adults compared to the elderly, while other species became more common in the latter group. Regarding the resistance profile, the tested aminoglycosides and carbapenems, Ceftazidime, Nitrofurantoin, Piperacillin+Tazobactam, and Fosfomycin had a resistance rate < 20%; Ceftriaxone/Cefotaxime, Cefepime and Amoxicillin+Clavulanate < 30% and the fluoroquinolones, Cefuroxime and Sulfometoxazol+Trimetropim < 40%. For several antibiotics, resistance rates were higher in the elderly compared to other ages. Discussion: The highest incidence of UTI in females and the elderly is already well documented, as well as the higher prevalence of infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria, especially enterobacteria. The change in the frequencies of uropathogens according to the age group is probably related to a greater occurrence of complicated UTI in the elderly. Such group would also be subject to infections with more resistant bacteria due to factors such as previous use of antibiotics and more frequent hospitalizations. Regarding antibiotic therapy, resistance rates < 20% are considered adequate for empirical use, such as aminoglycosides, carbapenems, Ceftazidime, Nitrofurantoin, Piperacillin+Tazobactam, and Fosfomycin. Conclusions: This study contributes to the choice of the most appropriate local empirical treatment. However, the dynamism of these analyzed profiles and the importance of their repetition from time to time stand out, given the environmental changes to which the pathogens are subjected.
Análise da assistência multidisciplinar ao paciente em uso da terapia nutricional enteral na unidade de terapia intensiva adulto: estudo retrospectivo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-11-01)
Falciroli, Isa Milene Vansan
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Silva, Elaine Gomes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7164632050856311
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8970-4191
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Girão, Fernanda Berchelli
Objective: To analyze the multidisciplinary care of patients hospitalized and receiving Enteral Nutrition Therapy via nasoenteric tube in the Adult Intensive Care Unit of a University Hospital, through the records of physical and electronic medical charts. Material and Method: This is a quantitative, retrospective, descriptive study in terms of objectives and documentary in terms of procedures, in which physical and electronic medical charts of patients who were admitted to the Adult ICU of the University Hospital were evaluated. This research was approved by the Ethics Committee for Research with Human Beings at UFSCar, CAAE 76566623.5.0000.5504. Results: From January 1, 2023, to March 31, 2024, a total of 48 patients were hospitalized in the Adult ICU of the University Hospital and required Enteral Nutrition via nasoenteric tube. The high mortality rate of the cases evaluated is noteworthy, with 35 (72.92%) patients progressing to death. When analyzing the performance of one or more nasoenteric tube placements per patient, it was observed that in most cases (n = 30 - 62.50%), only one placement was performed. It was noted that 20 (41.67%) medical charts recorded the indication for Enteral Nutrition in the Medical Progress Notes. When analyzing the total number of tube placements performed (n = 84 - 100%), only 20 (23.81%) had requests for X-rays recorded to confirm tube positioning after insertion. Comparatively, the request for X-rays by medical professionals was found in 81 (96.43%) nasoenteric tube placements in the nursing team's notes. Regarding the placement of nasoenteric tubes by nurses, 75 (89.29%) were recorded; only 8 (9.52%) had documentation of the type and size of the nasoenteric tube used, and 13 (15.48%) recorded tolerance or complications during placement. Concerning the documentation of the insertion nostril and external measurement, 51 (60.71%) contained this data; 18 (21.43%) conducted bedside position confirmation testing via auscultation, 46 (95.83%) documented the prescription of care for the nasoenteric tube, and only 49 (58.33%) recorded confirmation of X-ray completion, including the name and professional category of the person who performed it. In 34 (70.83%) cases, there was documentation of the initiation of enteral feeding with the system opening time, infusion rate, and responsible party, while this information was not found in 11 (22.92%) charts. During the ICU stay, 40 incidents related to nasoenteric tubes were identified, most of which involved accidental externalization (25 - 62.5%). No records of these incidents were found in the hospital's internal notification system. Conclusions: Healthcare professionals' records are essential for documenting interventions and care for hospitalized patients and are necessary for identifying areas for improvement in care processes to avoid errors and prevent adverse events.
Visão de um estudante sobre a formação médica na UFCar: uma narrativa crítica-reflexiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-11-05)
Machado, Gabriele Vitoria Gerciano
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Stefane, Claudia Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7808406751232968
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2090-4878
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3440322485330270
This Course Completion Work (TCC) presents a reflection on the academic trajectory from a student's personal point of view. To this end, the university admission process is presented chronologically, such as the Political Pedagogical Project of the course is structured and an overview of the experiences experienced in the three educational cycles. The constructivist approach of the course helped to improve learning and guided the student to a practical patient-centered clinic, promoting empathy, responsibility and respect in the doctor-patient relationship. The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on training, bringing academic and personal losses that required a lot of effort and work to alleviate them. It is concluded, therefore, that the constructivist methodology, even though far from perfect, provides valuable tools to students to deal with adversity and promotes longitudinal knowledge practical, theoretical and attitudinal.
Percepção de estudantes da saúde acerca do papel da espiritualidade na processo de saúde-doença
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-11-05)
Lopes, Agatha Moura
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Valete, Cristina Ortiz Sobrinho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3246791895201559
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6925-4346
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1715142284598797
This article discusses the importance of spirituality in health and the perception of health students about their preparation to address the topic. Spirituality has had a role recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) since 1978, when it was included in the definition of health as a dimension that affects well-being. Studies show that spirituality can positively influence patient recovery, reducing anxiety and improving coping with illness. However, spirituality is often confused with religion, and it is necessary to differentiate between them: spirituality involves the search for meaning in life, while religion is linked to specific beliefs and practices. Despite the importance of spirituality in the healthcare context, many professionals encounter barriers, such as lack of training and discomfort with the topic. The reported study was carried out at the Federal University of São Carlos, with 71 Medicine, Physiotherapy, Nursing and Occupational Therapy students. Most students recognize the influence of spirituality on health, but almost half feel unprepared to address the topic with patients, which points to a deficiency in the academic curriculum. Although 85.9% of those interviewed consider it important to include spirituality in their training, only 29.6% had contact with the topic during their undergraduate studies. It is concluded that, despite the recognition of the importance of spirituality, there are gaps in the training of students, which can affect clinical practice and comprehensive patient care.
Para além da medicina: uma imersão reflexiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-11-05)
Koyama, Camila Takae
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Martins, Joyce do Rosario
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3476750240513111
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2706673821203380
A text that invites you to reflect on the academic journey throughout a medical degree, contemplating literature, ancestry, love, and academic achievements. The reflections permeate the temporality that passes through me, so that I discuss the reasons that led me to medicine and the perspectives that surround me at the end of the course. I am a story and here I present a part of myself.
Relato de experiência na graduação em Medicina na UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-11-05)
Espósito, Maria Clara Cavalcante
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Stefane, Claudia Aparecida
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7808406751232968
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2090-4878
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0372059479555515
This work consists of a report on the experience of a medical student throughout his graduation at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), covering both the personal and academic trajectory regarding the development of an initiation project scientific research focused on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Using a qualitative and reflective approach, the study aims to document the perceptions, challenges and learning acquired during six years of medical training, in addition to discussing the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in medical teaching and practice, especially with regard to emergency remote teaching and internship activities. Organized in text format theatrical, it is divided into six acts, representing in a subjective - and almost dreamlike - way the the author's deepest emotions and anxieties, which even with the fog of partiality permeating the writings, it seeks to relive the most striking facts of these last six years.
Reflexões acerca do curso de medicina por um estudante do 6º Ano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-11-05)
Gaion, João Pedro De Barros Fernandes
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Martins, Joyce do Rosario
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3476750240513111
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4133264417551561
This work, structured as a critical-reflective narrative, as outlined in the Political Pedagogical Project (PPP) of the Medicine course at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) as a format for the Final Paper, aims to narrate the author’s experiences and reflections over the six years of medical education, within the context of a course based on active learning methodologies, which were shaped by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Based on these experiences, and through a critical analysis of the PPP of the course, the Constructivist Spiral as a teaching-learning method, and the provisions of the National Curriculum Guidelines for undergraduate medical courses, this work seeks to provide a critical analysis of the reality of the Medicine program at UFSCar.
Óleos essenciais de tangerinas para manejo de podridão floral dos citros (Colletotrichum abscissum)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-11-06)
Zunkeller, Andreza Bonetto
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Bastianel, Marinês
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2523177587459092
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Schinor, Evandro Henrique
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2162760988837984
Citrus farming in Brazil has been facing phytosanitary problems that lead to significant production losses, among which postbloom fruit drop (PFD) caused by the fungus Colletotrichum abscissum stands out. This study aimed to investigate the action of tangerine essential oils (EOs) on the fungus C. abscissum for the management of CBF. EOs of three tangerine varieties: IAC 2019Maria mandarin, Murcott IAC 221 tangor and Late IAC 585 willowleaf, extracted from unripe and ripe fruits at different dosages (0; 2; 4; 8; 16 and 32 (µL mL-1) were evaluated for the percentage of inhibition of mycelial growth, speed index and area under the mycelial growth curve, sporulation and germination of in vitro spores of the fungus C. abscissum. In addition, the chemical components present in the EOs and the yield and their relationship to the diameter of the fruits and peel thickness were verified. Given the results found in vitro, the disease control capacity in detached flowers of Tahiti acid lime was analyzed, in addition to the potential of the EOs to activate defense mechanisms in plants, by the action of peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase. Limonene was the main compound found in the EOs of tangerines extracted from unripe and ripe fruits. It was observed that the Late IAC 585 willowleaf presented a higher EO yield when extracted from unripe fruits. There was a positive correlation between yield and epicarp thickness of the peel for both EOs from unripe and ripe fruits. In the in vitro test with EOs extracted from unripe fruits, the Late IAC 585 willowleaf demonstrated a greater capacity to inhibit mycelial growth and when using the EO extracted from ripe fruits, the IAC 2019Maria mandarin was more efficient in controlling the pathogen. The EOs of both varieties were effective in controlling sporulation when extracted from unripe fruits. For ripe fruits, there was a difference only between dosages, with a sharp decrease in the number of conidia with increasing dosage. The EO of the IAC 2019Maria mandarin stood out for presenting control of spore germination at lower doses, when compared to the other varieties, for both unripe and ripe fruits. When applied to detached flowers, the EO had no systemic action on the flowers to prevent C. abscissum infection, in addition to not having the ability to activate the plant's defense mechanisms.
As diferentes perspectivas da pediatria a partir das vivências de uma acadêmica de medicina: uma narrativa reflexiva
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-11-06)
Nogueira, Marina Mourad
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Germano, Carla Maria Ramos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1685750854841732
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5030-7164
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Stefane, Claudia Aparecida
The word “pediatrics” is of Greek origin, formed by the combination of the terms paidos, which means “child” and iatreia, which means “healing process”, and is used to name the medical specialty dedicated to child care, from birth to adolescence. Since the end of the 19th century, teaching Pediatrics gained prominence in Brazilian medical training, remaining until today as one of the great areas of learning. The medical course at UFSCar includes in its pedagogical project the broad area of child health and of the adolescent, to be studied during the 6 years of graduation. Therefore, The objective of this work is to demonstrate the impact of different experiences on pediatrics throughout a degree in medicine and demonstrate the importance of this specialty in medical and humanitarian training.
Estudos in silico dos modos de ligação dos hormônios tireoidianos T3 e T4 com a Proteína Transportadora Albumina Sérica Humana HSA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-11-06)
Barbosa, Elisa Guimarães
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Freire, Thales Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0320608221793070
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Caracelli, Ignez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8956527354576143
In the present work, the binding mode and molecular interactions between thyroid hormones (T4, T3 and the positional isomers of T3 – T3IP) and the transporter protein (HSA) were investigated. T4 has 4 iodine atoms and T3 has 3. Analysis of the crystallographic structures of the T4-HSA complexes (1HK1,1HK2-R218H, 1HK3-R218P - with fatty acids and 1HK4, 1HK5-R218H- without fatty acids) was carried out. The knowledge acquired was used in the study of molecular docking to understand T3 since there is no crystallographic structure of HSA with T3, with T3 being the active form of thyroid hormone in target cells. It was observed that HSA is capable of differentiating T4 from T3. Another important point was to study 3 cases of HSA-T4 and HSA-T3 complexes, R128, R218H, R218P and explain the difference in HSA-hormonal ligand affinity. In the case of the T3 ligand, which has 3 iodine atoms, with a specific position, 4 positional isomers, T3IP, were evaluated. Docking studies showed that these compounds are different compared to HSA. The presence of fatty acids in the crystallographic complexes of the native protein and R218H mutant protein affected the availability of binding sites, limiting the interaction with T4 to a single site (Cleft). The analysis of T3 positional isomers (T3IP) showed that the structural flexibility of the ligands is an important factor in determining interactions with HSA. The findings of this study can be applied in the development of therapeutic strategies aimed at transporting thyroid hormones in conditions of genetic mutations or metabolic disorders. Detailed understanding of the differences in affinity between T3 and T4 and the influence of mutations in HSA provides a solid basis for future research focused on modulating the bioavailability of these hormones. The results presented here serve as a starting point for experimental investigations that can validate the trends observed in silico studies and explore new applications in the field of endocrinology and biotechnology.
Influência do intemperismo da Região Amazônica nas propriedades físicas e mecânicas da madeira Angelim- Vermelho na cidade de Porto Velho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-11-06)
Pessôa, Poliana de Melo
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Almeida, Diego Henrique de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7043956540589502
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6220-4004
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8927885751118440
Despite the advantages of wood, it is common to use it in environments subject to exposure to biotic and weathering factors, causing its natural manipulation, damaging physical and especially mechanical properties of interest, which can affect the useful life of buildings. In this context, the largest reserve of biological diversity in the world is found in the Amazon. However, although this region has great potential to produce native woods, the sector is still predominantly dominated by the Eucalyptus and Pine species. In addition, weathering varies according to the season and location, which implies that the climatic conditions of the Amazon region can be even more aggravating to the handling of wood compared to other regions, due to its climatic characteristics, as it has a hot and humid climate, with two well-defined seasons, one dry and one rainy, since in the latter, precipitation occurs in intense forms. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct studies on the action of weathering in the Amazon region on native woods, to evaluate and determine the importance of decreases in mechanical properties, since these can even reduce the resistance class imposed in the project. Thus, the present research project aims to evaluate the influence of the action of weathering in the Amazon region in Porto Velho, Rondônia, on the physical and mechanical properties of Angelim-Vermelho wood (Dinizia excelsa Ducke), by exposing specimens of the wood in question to natural weathering, and subsequently evaluating, through laboratory tests, its physical properties of colorimetry and density, and mechanical properties of hardness, modulus of elasticity parallel to the fibers and resistance to joint parallel to the fibers. In addition, a systematic literature review was carried out to verify the effects of weathering on wood found in the literature. From statistical analyses it was possible to verify that despite causing damage to the physical and mechanical properties of the wood, weathering does not significantly manipulate the wood under study in the time delimited for this research, with the exception of the colorimetry and hardness properties parallel to the fibers, making it necessary to extend the exposure time in order to correctly verify its behavior in the face of the climatic factors of the Amazon region.
O uso de simulação realística com atores no desenvolvimento de habilidades de comunicação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-11-07)
Yamashita, Kaori Maria Carolina
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Neves, Fábio Fernandes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2652568399519714
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3651649007146855
Being a good communicator is essential for effective medical practice. Realistic simulation is a valuable learning tool that does not expose patients to unnecessary risks, and its use has become widespread in medical education. Therefore, this final paper investigates the association between realistic simulations with actors and the development of communication skills. The summary of the relevant literature was prepared using the PubMed platform, the ABEM database, and articles recommended by the project advisor. In addition, the author's notes taken throughout the undergraduate course were also consulted. It was observed that simulation had a beneficial impact in the first year. The feedback process is an essential phase that has significantly impacted performance improvement. Standardized patients increase the realism of the scenario and can also participate in reflection, providing alternative perspectives. However, favorable results depend on meticulous preparation, and there is insufficient empirical data regarding the cost-benefit ratio and the ability to transfer the acquired skills to the management of actual patients. The author's experience recognizes these simulations' immediate and long-term positive impact. It reflects on interactions with actual patients who have benefited from the skills learned through the simulations. However, there is recognition of the need to specify the competencies to be addressed each year, as well as to implement more systematized feedback processes that allow for more uniform learning and facilitate the identification of areas for improvement.
Efeitos do clima e da paisagem nos padrões de distribuição e de riqueza de felinos da Mata Atlântica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-11-08)
Ribeiro-Souza, Paula Danyelle
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Graipel, Maurício Eduardo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3039321868126712
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Pires, José Salatiel Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3412204514901170
Two of the most significant forces affecting biodiversity worldwide are Global Climate Change (GCC) and Land Use and Land Cover Change (LULC). To better understand the impacts of GCC and LULC on biodiversity, it is crucial to analyze how these factors interact with terrestrial ecosystems, including the Atlantic Forest biome. In this context, the main objectives of this thesis were: (1) to evaluate how climate and landscape currently influence the distribution and richness patterns of the species Leopardus emiliae, L. guttulus, L. wiedii, Herpailurus yagouaroundi, L. pardalis, Puma concolor, and Panthera onca in the Atlantic Forest; (2) to investigate the extent to which this distribution is protected by Strict Protection Conservation Units (SPCUs); and (3) to understand how the taxonomic richness patterns of wild felines will respond to GCC and LULC in the Atlantic Forest by 2050. To achieve the first and second objectives, species distribution modeling were used to estimate suitable areas for both the current scenario and the year 2050, for the distribution of each species and for the taxonomic richness of felines. The models were created using climatic and landscape variables, employing different algorithms. All species occurrence data were obtained from data papers, other scientific articles, scientific collections, and databases. The results indicated that only 30% of the Atlantic Forest is currently suitable for feline richness, with areas of low species richness located in northeastern Brazil and Argentina. Only 9% of these suitable areas are covered by FPAs, highlighting a significant gap in feline conservation. Species such as L. emiliae (1.37%) and P. onca (1.97%) are the least protected. Projections for 2050 indicated that the loss of suitable habitat will be more pronounced under the pessimistic scenario (~87%) due to the combination of GCC and LULC. Additionally, about 61% of the analyzed areas in the Atlantic Forest have low permeability for feline richness. The results of this thesis underscore the urgent need for conservation actions in the Atlantic Forest, including the implementation, maintenance, and expansion of FPAs, landscape restoration, and increased connectivity between suitable areas. These measures could mitigate the negative impacts of GCC and LULC on feline richness in the Atlantic Forest.