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Comportamento informacional de surdos em bibliotecas universitárias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-31) França, Maísa Coelho; Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8178008768291056; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3101-1389
The 2022 Higher Education Census conducted by the Anísio Teixeira National Institute for Educational Studies and Research (INEP) revealed that 2,592 individuals with hearing impairments were enrolled in Higher Education institutions across Brazil. The presence of deaf individuals in Higher Education necessitates the adaptation of university libraries to meet this demand. This entails an awareness of deaf culture to serve the deaf community effectively. This research aimed to investigate the information behaviour of deaf users who use (or have used, in the case of those who have already graduated) university libraries during their academic training. To investigate information behaviour, this research drew upon the theories of Wilson (information behaviour models), Dervin (sense-making), and Chatman (small world). The data were collected via an online questionnaire developed in Brazilian Sign Language, comprising three open-ended questions, 14 multiple-choice items, nine statements on a Likert scale of agreement, and one field for suggestions. The questionnaire was e-mailed to 199 Brazilian Higher Education institutions, deaf associations, and individuals from the deaf community, including interpreters. The snowball sampling technique was employed to gain access to the deaf community. A total of 95 responses were obtained, and the results demonstrate that the survey participants hold undergraduate, technologist, specialisation, Master's, and Doctoral degrees. Among the respondents, 18% do not use their institution's library facilities. However, among those who do, they report that library environments are conducive to the needs of deaf individuals, to the extent that they are recommended to other deaf people, irrespective of accessibility and collection issues. Of all the participants, 62% typically visit the library independently. Nevertheless, those who do not feel at ease reading and writing in Portuguese typically attend the library accompanied by other deaf individuals. A majority of participants exhibited a notable inclination towards human sources when searching for information, and 65% demonstrated the ability to identify reliable information, while 68% asserted their capacity to assess the usefulness of the information they retrieve for their information needs. Furthermore, regarding the theories employed, it was possible to discern the 'intervening variables' (demographic, environmental, and source characteristics) and the 'risk/reward theory' of Wilson's information behaviour model; the impact of context and variables such as security, values, and attitudes in facilitating the process of sense-making, as proposed by Dervin; and certain characteristics of the deaf respondent community that align with the concept of a small world, as postulated by Chatman. It is incumbent upon the university library to provide access to quality information from reliable sources. Librarians must work to eradicate possible contexts of information poverty. The task of understanding the deaf community is a complex one, which extends far beyond Brazilian legislation that guarantees their rights, including linguistic rights. Constructing a genuinely inclusive university library environment for these individuals – and not only for them – the library and its professionals must demonstrate a keen awareness of their community and the evolving trends within society. It is essential to adopt a welcoming and inclusive approach towards deaf individuals to facilitate their access to information resources and support their academic training.
Pavimento urbano e desempenho térmico: modelos microclimáticos aplicados ao planejamento do território
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-31) Kowalski, Luiz Fernando; Masiero, Érico; Lopes, António Manuel Saraiva; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2691827106518167; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8665-335X; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9357-7639; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8500644020097476; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2450-3561
This study aims to develop microclimate models to evaluate the interaction between pavements and the built environment, thereby supporting territorial planning. Two models were used: the physical PAVSCAM (PAVment and Street Canyon Model) and the numerical ENVI-met. The research also analyzed measurement and simulation errors, and errors related to the scale of analysis. It explored the relationship between changes in urban pavements and responses measured by the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) across different Brazilian climates. Additionally, the AHP-Gaussian multi-criteria methodology was applied to identify the optimal urban pavement solution. Throughout the study, different urban forms, albedos, and thermal masses were assessed. Findings revealed that the highest average heat flows occur in canyons with graphite-colored concrete pavements, particularly in areas with shorter buildings, due to increased pavement exposure to solar radiation. For real urban scale estimates, the study recommends using ENVI-met data (MAE = ±0.59) or physical models (MAE = ±0.66) in comparison to on-site measurements. Regarding thermal comfort, the UTCI showed significant variation in hot and dry areas. East-west oriented streets without shade experienced increased thermal stress in the late afternoon, attributed to higher albedo or thermal inertia. Concrete pavements exhibited a rise in thermal stress from “Strong” to “Very Strong,” indicating that high albedo or inertia surfaces can lead to discomfort in urban canyons. While high-albedo materials like concrete can enhance thermal conditions in cooler and wetter zones by promoting heat dissipation and lowering air temperatures, their benefits are not universally applicable, particularly during the late hours of the day. The results provide essential tools for analyzing urban pavements and integrating them into climate-responsive projects within tropical contexts. By complementing field data with these new perspectives, the study enables a more robust and effective analysis for urban pavement planning, ensuring infrastructures are better adapted to local climatic conditions.
Dieta e potencial de dispersão de sementes por canídeos no Cerrado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-31) Feliciano, Renato D'Elia; Christianini, Alexander Vicente; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2295622727813765; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1538-791X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6646421989002171; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4405-2331
The order of carnivores has several representatives that consume fruit and could potentially act in seed dispersal. Despite this, few Neotropical carnivore species have their diet studied in detail, including identification of plant material, and their potential as seed dispersers, especially in relation to qualitative and quantitative aspects. In this study, we highlight two species of canids (Canidae, Carnivora), the Maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus) and the Crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous), which simultaneously have a diet based largely on frugivory and great potential as seed dispersers. We quantified the diet of both canids based on fecal samples obtained in the field in southeastern Brazil for 15 months. The Maned wolf showed an omnivorous, generalista diet, based mainly on rodents, birds, various fruits and the fruit of the wolf tree (Solanum lycocarpum). The diet varied seasonally: The Maned wolf consumed more rodents and S. lycocarpum during the dry season, while the other fruits were consumed more during the rainy season. In addition, the Maned wolf positively selected some prey such as the rodent genera Necromys and Clyomys, and some fruits (such as Psidium grandifolium and S. lycocarpum). Regarding the role of these canids in seed dispersal, we compared the germination percentage and time of seeds that had passed through their digestive tract with seeds planted with fruit pulp and seeds cleaned by hand. For the Maned wolf, we identified that 18 species, out of the 23 present in its diet, to have viable seeds after ingestion. For the Crab-eating fox, from 12 species present in its diet, eight has seeds viable after being eaten. Both canids proved to be legitimate dispersers of Cerrado species, mainly of plants with medium and large fruits (>1cm), but also of species with smaller fruits (Miconia sp.). From the 14 plant species tested, five germinated more after passing through the digestive tract of canids compared to the controls, while two germinated less. For the other species there was no difference in the germination percentage between the seeds defecated and those in whole fruits. Finally, by calculating the gut passage time of the Crab-eating fox (17.8 ± 5 hs), it is possible to infer they can deposit seeds at long distances from the mother plant. The study made it possible to deepen our knowledge about the diet of the Maned wolf, highlighting which resources are essential for their occurrence in natural areas, providing us with information on food selectivity and how seasonality influences its diet. Finally, it allowed us to affirm their legitimacy as seed dispersers for many species and to understand their importance for the dynamics and maintenance of this process in the Cerrado.
Obtenção e caracterização de IPMC´S tendo como material eletroativo nanocompósitos de copolímeros tribloco estireno-butadieno-estireno/nanocristais de celulose
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-31) Gall, Paulo Oliveira; Scuracchio, Carlos Henrique; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0896060959622431; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7723-0213; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9365514266404108; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4506-1854
Ionomeric Polymer-Metal Composites (IPMC) are versatile materials with applications in various fields, including robotics, medicine, actuator and sensor technology. These composites consist of a layer of ionomeric electroactive polymer sandwiched between two metallic electrodes. When subjected to an electrical stimulus, they deform in response to the applied voltage, and conversely, they can produce an electrical response when mechanically deformed. Nafion, a sulfonated polymer with a perfluorinated chain, is a commonly used material in IPMC studies due to its excellent ionic conduction properties. However, Nafion has drawbacks such as high cost, poor recyclability, biodegradability issues, and reduced conductivity in low-humidity or high-temperature conditions. To address these limitations, researchers have explored sulfonating other polymers to achieve desirable conductive properties and modify the interaction between constituent monomers, creating nanostructures to enhance conduction. The usage of block polymers like styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) makes it possible to control the morphology of the composite and adds versatility to the material. Another area of interest involves incorporating renewable fillers to modify both mechanical properties and ionic conduction mechanisms. Cellulose nanocrystals, with their high hydrophilic character, can improve ionic conduction and mechanical properties while contributing to the sustainability of the material. This approach aligns with the goal of creating sensors based on renewable resources. In the context of this project, sulfonation of the styrenic phase of an SBS-type copolymer, incorporation and dispersion of cellulose nanocrystals, and usage of the resulting composite to manufacture IPMCs is proposed, as well as the impact of incorporating nanocellulose on its properties.
Estratégias de marketing digital e comunicação não verbal no discurso político eleitoral: uma abordagem do caso da campanha eleitoral de Helder Barbalho em 2022 pelo Instagram
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2024-10-31) Velani, Paula Barbosa; Fonseca, Sérgio Azevedo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2879240108726907; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8457-2668; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1878274299135440
Political communication on social media plays a crucial role in strengthening the connection between politicians and their audience. The growing use of these new media in the 21st century is revolutionizing communication, facilitating more dynamic interactions among users. The use of digital marketing resources and non-verbal communication not only enables the creation of assertive content but also contributes to building a charismatic leader figure on social media. In this ever-evolving digital era, this research aimed to address a case of effective political engagement during election campaigns, with Instagram, emphasizing its focus on images and videos, standing out as a key platform for political communication. To that end, the research was based on literature about digital marketing and content marketing techniques. Furthermore, it investigated relevant non-verbal elements to build a credible, positive, and persuasive political image. Methodologically, with a qualitative approach, the research conducted a single case study of Helder Zahluth Barbalho's 2022 gubernatorial campaign for the State of Pará, focusing on video and image content on the Instagram platform. Thus, this work aims to contribute to the debate on new forms of relationship through digital media and provide insights for those who wish to enter the political arena effectively.