Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2025-03-20"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 2134

Atributos das sementes para o sucesso da semeadura direta aplicados à seleção de espécies
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-03-20)
Inocente, Mariane Cristina
;
Santos, Mario Gabriel Santiago dos
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4447-7113
;
Piña-Rodrigues, Fatima Conceição Márquez
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1475369713141675
The success of ecological restoration is related to the selection of species and the understanding of functional traits that influence plant development in the early stages. This study discusses the importance of seed selection and morphological characteristics for direct seeding. Through a systematic literature review, the main criteria used in the selection of species for direct seeding in Brazilian biomes were identified. It was found that logistical criteria, such as seed availability (20%) and natural occurrence (19%), are the most applied, while ecological and functional traits were rarely considered The evaluation of the relationship between seed size and the germination and emergence of species from the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado revealed that the interaction between seed thickness and shape significantly impacts germination, while an increase in seed length results in greater emergence. A database was developed containing morphological characteristics of size, germination, and fruit type for 131 species, highlighting the main trends observed among them. It is concluded that integrating functional traits in species selection can significantly enhance the success of restoration through direct seeding. Furthermore, intermediate to large-sized seeds, with greater length and moderate thickness, demonstrate the best balance between high germination rates and good emergence.
“Tecnologia como linguagem”: estruturação do pensamento por analogia no campo Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-03-20)
Ferreira, Wheliton Chiang Shung Moreira
;
Gracioso, Luciana de Souza
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4898201916360294
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6320-4946
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0253135572775961
The concept of technology is wide, unstable and a muldisciplinary issue. The literature of Social Sciences demonstrated this relevance, particularly in the field Science, Tecnology and Society - STS, for its conceptual significance in the interpretation of agents, products and processes involved. This perspective brings the implication between the social determination of technology (non neutral comprehension that the human narrative builds the world), against technological determinism (perspective of a society to be configured by the neutrality of techniques). This context is the base of the hipothesis that technology is an expression similar to human language, leading to critical deepening in both universes. The main objective was to structure the scientific debate about technology as language through a construtivist perspective. The specific objectives are to review the literature in social sciences, to define the corresponding analogs, and to apply this mechanism criticarly to relevant studies in the STS field. Methodology was based on the construtivist thinking with a hybrid approach. The analogs built were "identification", the possibility of "deductive interpretation", and the trends to "representation" in CTS. These analogs were converted into text filters for a research at Portal de Periódicos da CAPES through data mining, using the software Iramuteq. As a result, it is brought that discussions about technology is an oportunity for significant critics, when discussed as expressivity, similar to human language. The aproximation to these two universes of meaning had the contribution and tradition of STS. It is infered that this discussion can motivate future works on the research for other possibilities of structuration.
Solubilidade da arginina, do glutamato de sódio e do ibuprofeno em soluções organo-aquosas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-03-21)
Silva, Taciana Barros e
;
Bernardo, André
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5705402824877708
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3454039617725028
The study of solubility is extremely relevant for drug production and absorption, as well as for the purification of products through crystallization, and for understanding solid-liquid equilibrium. In this work, the solubility of arginine, monosodium glutamate, and ibuprofen in the water-ethanol and water-propylene glycol solvent systems was experimentally determined through the isothermal method and analyzed at temperatures ranging from 25 to 50°C. The solids in equilibrium were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and optical microscopy (OM). The solubility results obtained were used to fit thermodynamic models: for arginine and monosodium glutamate, only Apelblat and λh models were used, while for ibuprofen, the Apelblat, λh and Wilson models were applied. For all compounds and solvent systems, solubility increased with temperature. The experimental solubility data for arginine and ibuprofen showed behavior similar to that reported in the literature. For sodium glutamate, no previous studies on its solubility were found, to the best of our knowledge. Among all the studied conditions and within the analyzed temperature range, the Apelblat model provided the best fits. According to the Wilson model, at certain temperatures, all components in the system influence molecular interactions, and as the temperature rises above 35 °C, the model becomes less accurate in representing the solubility of ibuprofen. For all three compounds, the solubilization process is endothermic, favored by entropy, although limited by endothermicity, non-spontaneous, as the values of ΔH, ΔS, and ΔG were positive, except for sodium glutamate in pure water, where ΔS was negative, and driven by enthalpy. X-ray diffraction showed that, for both arginine and glutamate, there are two possible different forms in equilibrium in the systems. For arginine, optical microscopy indicated similar crystal habits between the water-ethanol 15%, water-ethanol 30%, and water-propylene glycol 15% systems, and a similarity between the water-propylene glycol 30% system and pure water. This differs from the XRD results and may be explained by a possible recrystallization. For monosodium glutamate, the crystals in all systems showed similar crystal habits. For ibuprofen, the XRD revealed that none of the studied systems closely resembled the enantiomer (S)-ibuprofen or (R)-ibuprofen, nor the (R,S)-ibuprofen, suggesting the possible presence of mixtures with varying proportions of (S)- and (R,S)-ibuprofen. However, optical microscopy indicated similar crystal habits between the crystals of the water-ethanol system for all compositions and pure propylene glycol.
Um estudo sobre o materialismo organicista de Diderot
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-03-21)
Alves Junior, José Carlos
;
Cruz, Fernão de Oliveira Salles dos Santos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9496354571712524
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2596821689900698
La présente thèse se propose d’examiner les articulations entre raison et sensibilité dans l’œuvre de Denis Diderot (1713–1784), en particulier dans les écrits où s’élabore un matérialisme de type organiciste, tels que Pensées sur l’interprétation de la nature (1754), Principes philosophiques de la matière et du mouvement (1770), Suite de l’entretien entre M. d’Alembert et M. Diderot (1769), Le Rêve de d’Alembert (1769) et Éléments de physiologie (1774). Il s’agit de saisir comment le philosophe articule ces deux registres – rationnel et sensible – tout en prenant part aux débats majeurs de l’Histoire Naturelle au XVIIIe siècle, notamment autour des modèles explicatifs du corps vivant, lesquels mobilisent les concepts de matière, de mouvement et de vie dans une perspective à la fois spéculative et expérimentale.
Perspectivas e desafios na formação de pedagogos bilíngues: um olhar crítico sobre a proposta e as ações.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-03-21)
Dias, Débora Gonçalves Ribeiro
;
Santos, Lara Ferreira dos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7312070448044165
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3196-9346
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4076814721074148
Teacher training for working with deaf students is a central issue in discussions about bilingual education and linguistic accessibility, particularly in the context of a Bilingual Pedagogy undergraduate program. The objective of this thesis is to critically analyze the structure and functioning of the Bilingual Pedagogy program at the Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Santa Catarina (IFSC), based on the program’s Pedagogical Project and the perceptions of administrators, professors, and students.The research adopts a qualitative approach, which included document analysis of the Pedagogical Project of the Course (PPC) and interviews with administrators, teachers, and students, aiming to understand their perspectives on the offered training, the challenges faced, and the pedagogical methodologies adopted. The results indicate that, although the course represents a significant advance in teacher training for bilingual education, there are still challenges that need to be addressed. The need for a better balance between theory and pedagogical practice, the provision of accessible materials in Brazilian Sign Language (Libras), and the expansion of the number of bilingual teachers fluent in Libras are highlighted. Another important issue discussed in the thesis is the need to strengthen the relationships between IFSC, municipalities, and the state. Despite the quality of the training offered by the institute, regional public and educational policies do not adequately recognize the role of the bilingual pedagogue or bilingual education for the deaf. Finally, while the course proposal is largely appropriate, some actions need to be implemented to improve the training of future teachers, particularly to meet the needs of deaf students. To this end, it is crucial that there is mobilization and advocacy from both the academic community and the deaf community, with the goal of ensuring bilingual education for the deaf as a formal mode of education, as established by current legislation.
Ontologia e currículo: uma análise do currículo do Estado de São Paulo à luz da pedagogia freireana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-03-21)
Ferreira, Fernando Henrique
;
Silva, Antonio Fernando Gouvêa da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9621931288117213
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8915-9952
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8943532248930075
This study investigated the ontological conceptions present in the São Paulo curriculum, analyzing their implications in light of Paulo Freire's critical pedagogy. The research was grounded in the philosophical method of dialectical historical materialism to examine ontological formation in curriculum design, seeking to unveil the political and ideological interests used as instruments of domination. The study is structured into six chapters. The first introduces the topic, emphasizing education as a battleground between hegemonic and emancipatory projects. The second explores the polysemy of the concept of ontology in the history of philosophy, from the Greeks to the historical materialism of Marx and Lukács. The third chapter analyzes the relationship between neoliberalism and curriculum, exposing the subordination of education to capitalist interests. The fourth presents Freirean pedagogy as a critical alternative, emphasizing dialogue, political consciousness, and transformative praxis. The fifth describes the methodology, based on document analysis and dialectical historical materialism. Finally, the sixth chapter examines the São Paulo curriculum, identifying the formation of the "self-entrepreneur" as a neoliberal ontological project. The study concludes that the São Paulo State curriculum aligns with a neoliberal ontology, reducing education to market logic. In contrast, Freirean pedagogy offers a path toward a critical ontology centered on human emancipation and overcoming inequalities. This work contributes to the debate on curriculum and human formation, highlighting the need for educational practices committed to social transformation.
Saberes docentes construídos e ressignificados por professoras e pibidianos(as) de Letras da Universidade Federal de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-03-24)
Cardili, Wuendy Fernanda
;
Monteiro, Maria Iolanda
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4189205834370563
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3337123452909799
This thesis consists of a study on the teaching knowledge constructed within the scope of the Institutional Scholarship Program for Teaching Initiation (PIBID) in the Portuguese Language and Literature program at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), focusing on the public calls from 2018 to 2020 and from 2020 to 2022. PIBID establishes a fruitful space for research and analysis of public education policies, given its relevance in both initial and continuing teacher education, whose experiences enable the (trans)formation of individuals. The participants in this research include eight PIBID fellows majoring in Portuguese Language and Literature, two supervising teachers, and the area coordinator of PIBID Letras – UFSCar. The analytical instruments used were semi-structured questionnaires, analysis of the fellows’ portfolios, interviews with the teachers, and an interview with the area coordinator. Language plays a fundamental role in everyday life and within the school context, where interactions mediated by language are crucial for the construction of personal and professional identities. In this regard, the program's actions enabled significant shifts—not only in overcoming the physical barriers of school spaces and curricular content but also in deconstructing the verticality of teaching and the linearity of knowledge. Therefore, the general objective of this research was to analyze the teaching knowledge constructed and re-signified by teachers and PIBID fellows in the field of Language and Literature during the context of Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT), focusing on language-related issues in connection with teaching knowledge. The categories of analysis included: Portuguese language teaching practices; the re-signification of teaching knowledge; and the challenges and learning experiences of the teachers and PIBID fellows. Portuguese language teaching practices were analyzed based on the theoretical studies of Bunzen (2012) and Rojo (2020). This study aimed to examine both initial and continuing teacher education from a socio-historical perspective, through which it was possible to highlight the construction and re-signification of the teaching knowledge of teachers and PIBID fellows. This re-signification emerged responsively and collectively, both on a personal level and within the plurality of teaching knowledge. The concept of teaching knowledge was based on the theoretical framework of Tardif (2014). Furthermore, the study highlighted reciprocal learning, the opportunity to update pedagogical theories and methodologies, the reading of academic articles and policy documents, reflection on education, the narrowing of the gap between higher and basic education, and the reflective potential inherent to the teaching profession. The context of Emergency Remote Teaching (ERT) posed considerable challenges for both teachers and students. However, it also opened possibilities for exploring digital information and communication technologies (ICTs). Nonetheless, the study identified numerous challenges and difficulties, such as low student engagement, technological barriers, increasing social and educational inequalities, and existing gaps in the educational system. Thus, this research serves as an important historical record, advocating for the political necessity of maintaining the program and valuing the teaching work developed within the context of emergency remote classes.
Índice de Desenvolvimento Espacial Sustentável (IDES)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-03-24)
Yuassa, Vanessa Naomi
;
Guerreiro, Thais de Cassia Matinelli
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2650555786682535
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5795-8875
;
Gonçalves, Luciana Márcia
The following study aims to develop an index to carry out the urban spatial analysis of the municipalities, focusing on the urban territorial issue and that is adequate to the Brazilian reality and to the current legislation. It is expected that this index will enable the evaluation of urban spatial development at the local level, based on appropriate indicators, composed of a reduced number of indicators, using a single database for each indicator that can be applied in municipalities of different sizes, thus allowing the knowledge of the reality of Brazilian municipalities through performance parameters. The process of constructing the index was based on the international bibliometric analysis and the existing index construction manuals. Therefore, the Sustainable Spatial Development Index (SDI) is composed of 4 dimensions, each of which is related to a theme addressed in the city's Statute (housing, sanitation, mobility and urban planning). Considering that each dimension is composed of indicators focused on the environment, social and economic (tripod of sustainability), the dimensions were aggregated according to what is recommended by the City Statute and the concept of Sustainable Spatial Development. The case study was carried out in state capitals and in the Federal District, which demonstrates the feasibility of application in Brazilian municipalities. It is concluded that the way of arranging the dimensions together with the tripod of sustainability (environmental, social and economic) provided the most accurate analysis among the indicators, pointing out possible indications of the need for municipalities to review or develop Master Plans or Sectoral Plans (mobility, sanitation and housing). The overall result of the SDI together with the Human Development Index (HDI), shows that spatial development is relevant within the political context, presenting worrying values in more than half of the cities analyzed. This result provides subsidies for the proposition of public policies and investments in Master Plans and Sectoral Plans. Furthermore, such investments together with the improvement of public policies aimed at housing, sanitation, mobility and planning are crucial for the survival of urban areas together with the population that inhabits them.
A experiência do estudante em bibliotecas acadêmicas: proposta de um modelo de avaliação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-03-24)
Rabelo, Carolina Alves
;
Mendes, Glauco Henrique de Sousa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7564259060572565
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8086-3321
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2305027416288125
The student experience (SX) in academic libraries encompasses physical, affective, cognitive, and social dimensions, incorporating the feelings and perceptions of these individuals. Despite its recognition, a deep understanding of the SX concept and its dimensions still requires investigation, making its evaluation complex due to variations in conceptualization and operationalization. Thus, this study aims to develop an integrated instrument for assessing the student experience in academic libraries, considering its impacts on satisfaction and loyalty. The dissertation consists of two articles that employ a multimethod approach. Article 1 conducts a systematic literature review to map the intellectual structure of the topic, while Article 2 develops and empirically tests a conceptual model using Structural Equation Modeling with data from 292 students at a Brazilian public university. Essentially, the research advances by (i) mapping existing literature, (ii) proposing a conceptual evaluation model, and (iii) providing empirical evidence on the relationship between SX dimensions, satisfaction, and loyalty. Moreover, the study offers an assessment tool that can promote practices more aligned with student needs. Additionally, the potential of this instrument extends to evaluating experiences in other informational units, such as specialized and, school libraries, museums, and archives, allowing specific adaptations that contribute to more efficient, user-centered management.
Estudo do efeito de Doxorrubicina combinada com DisBa-01 sobre a migração e transição-epitelial-mesenquimal em células tumorais de mama
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-03-25)
Machado, Aline Maria
;
Araújo, Heloísa Sobreiro Selistre de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4065824911933203
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3465406543529253
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8047-8482
In breast cancer, αvβ3 integrins are involved in tumor progression and the development of metastases, as well as acting in the acquisition of resistance to antineoplastic therapies. We propose to evaluate the effects of the combined treatment of doxorubicin and DisBa-01, a recombinant disintegrin obtained from Bothrops alternatus, on the migratory and invasive capacity and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of breast tumor cells. We hypothesized that the combined treatment could potentiate the effects of chemotherapy by modulating cell-matrix interactions. The expression and purification of DisBa-01 was carried out, along with the evaluation of the expression of integrins αv and β3 in ER+PR+ and TNBC cell subtypes. The IC50 of doxorubicin was determined, followed by assessment of cell viability by combined treatment. The analysis of collective and individualized cell migration was conducted along with the evaluation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, considering the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and invasion into fluorescent gelatin matrix. To compare the 2D and 3D culture models, DisBa-01 internalization assays, morphology and cell viability analyses were carried out. The results showed that MCF-7 (ER+PR+) and MDA-MB-231 (TNBC) cells exhibited distinct αv and β3 integrin expression profiles and differentiated responses to doxorubicin. In MCF-7 cells, the combined treatment promoted a reduction in cell invasion, cell viability and circularity in two-dimensional models. In three-dimensional models, the same treatment resulted in more cohesive spheroids for this same lineage. With regard to MDA-MB-231 cells, there was a reduction in invasion, cell viability and circularity in 2D models, as well as a reduction in cell migration, both individually and collectively. In conclusion, it is proposed that the combined treatment of DisBa-01 and doxorubicin has an additive effect, making it possible to reduce the dosage of chemotherapy when combined with disintegrin, which may reduce cytotoxic effects in future studies.
As contribuições do NEABI (Núcleo de Estudos Afro-Brasileiros e Indígenas) para o aquilombamento bibliográfico nas bibliotecas do Instituto Federal de São Paulo: reflexões preliminares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-03-25)
Salles, Tatiane Helena Borges de
;
Gracioso, Luciana de Souza
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4898201916360294
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6320-4946
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0541733922052568
The objective of this research was to examine the relevance of an aquilomamed collection in the struggle against epistemic, social and racial injustices that affect the black population, which faces the erasure and systematic silencing of their voices and knowledge from orality. The study focuses on the successful experience of Neabi (Center for Afro-Brazilian and Indigenous Studies) of the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of São Paulo (IFSP) in their collaboration with libraries, in order to promote specific training for librarians, highlighting the importance of laws 10.639/2003 and 11.645/2008, which deal with education for ethnic-racial relations. Specific objectives include describing Neabi's actions in partnership with libraries; highlight the initiatives of libraries IFSP in the promotion of cultural activities and extension projects as ways to encourage reading and informational literacy Afro -centered; and analyze the titles of black authors available in the IFSP collection. To achieve project goals, we use a methodology that combines exploratory and bibliographic research, followed by an empirical procedure to evaluate projects qualitative centered on Afrocentricity. Thus, the data collected comes from empirical and bibliographic studies that develop actions related to ethnic-racial theme in libraries. The results reveal the importance of including Afro -centered works in the collections to promote the informational and racial literacy of users, the relevance of Aquilomation in the Collections for Construction of a new narrative based on Afrocentricity and the opposition to the coloniality that students bring to the academic environment. In addition, they demonstrate how the activities performed in libraries, through cultural actions, extension projects and research, may favor anti -racist education in these spaces.
Comparação entre métodos para análise da reprodutibilidade da arquitetura muscular do músculo vasto lateral por ultrassonografia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-03-25)
Nacafucasaco, Enya
;
Libardi, Cleiton Augusto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8953409094842074
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3328020991326761
The objective of the present study was to compare two protocols for the reproducibility of muscle architecture measurements [cross-sectional area (CSA), muscle thickness (MT), fascicle length (FL), and pennation angle (PA)] of the vastus lateralis (VL) using ultrasonography (US): (1) a single image acquisition followed by two quantifications with a 72-hour interval (protocol 1X); (2) two image acquisitions followed by two quantifications, both separated by 72 hours (protocol 2X). A sample of 54 individuals had their right and left legs assessed by US, totaling 104 experimental units. Quantification data for muscle architecture were obtained, along with their respective typical error (TE) and coefficient of variation (CV) values, and bias plots analyzed using the Bland-Altman method. The results demonstrated lower TE and CV values for protocol 1X (CSA: TE = 0.510 cm² and CV = 2.313%; MT: TE = 0.120 cm and CV = 6.225%; FL: TE = 0.205 cm and CV = 3.000%; PA: TE = 0.550° and CV = 3.684%) compared to protocol 2X (CSA: TE = 0.920 cm² and CV = 4.151%; MT: TE = 0.120 cm and CV = 6.225%; FL: TE = 0.480 cm and CV = 6.879%; PA: TE = 1.148° and CV = 7.823%). Data analyzed using the t-test and Wilcoxon test revealed a significant difference between the mean differences of 1X and 2X for FL (p < 0.001) and PA (p < 0.026), while no significant differences were observed for CSA (p < 0.895) and MT (p < 0.637). Levene's test indicated a significant difference (p < 0.001) between the variances of the mean differences in all muscle architecture parameters. In conclusion, our results suggest that the variability of vastus lateralis muscle architecture measurements is influenced by the reproducibility protocol adopted. The inclusion of two independent image acquisitions resulted in greater variability between measurements. These findings reinforce the importance of considering sources of error associated with the evaluator and biological variability when interpreting changes in muscle architecture.
Avaliação da eficácia do óleo essencial de Melaleuca encapsulado em pectina cítrica no controle in vitro de Leucoagaricus gongylophorus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-03-26)
Moreira, Bruno Ricardo
;
Forim, Moacir Rossi
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1234565160573730
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5084844653825682
Leaf-cutting ants of the genera Atta and Acromyrmex are widely found in Brazil. These social insects collect plant material to use as a substrate for the symbiotic cultivation of the fungus Leucoagaricus gongylophorus, with which they maintain a mutualistic relationship. However, this foraging activity causes damage to human activities related to forestry, grazing, and agriculture. The control of these ants is generally carried out using chemical agents, which may have harmful effects on the environment and human health. An alternative approach involves the use of plant secondary metabolites to control these populations. However, such compounds are often unstable and difficult to control in terms of release. To address these issues, an encapsulation process using biopolymers has been explored. The main objective of this study was to develop a formulation aimed at controlling leaf-cutting ants. The approach was based on the use of essential oil from Melaleuca alternifolia, also known as tea tree. This essential oil is widely used in hygiene products and as a herbal remedy for skin conditions, among other uses, and has proven effectiveness in microbial control. The first part of the study consisted of biological assays to evaluate the activity of the essential oil on the growth of the symbiotic fungus at various concentrations. Complete inhibition was observed at concentrations above 15 microliters. Based on a literature review on biopolymers, citrus pectin was selected as the encapsulating agent. To develop the formulation method, several experiments were conducted with variations in process parameters, aiming to maximize encapsulation yield. This yield was quantified using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, employing the headspace technique. A formulation with approximately 84% yield was obtained. Using this formulation, a biological assay was carried out to evaluate its effect on the growth of L. gongylophorus, resulting in 80% fungal growth inhibition. These results indicate that the developed formulation may serve as an ecological and effective alternative to conventional compounds for the control of leaf-cutting ants.
Hidroxipropilação de amido e fibras de resíduo de açaí para obtenção de biocompósitos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-03-26)
Lopes, Henrique Solowej Medeiros
;
Komatsu, Daniel
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2620060426867863
;
Dufresne, Alain
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/2836712749450886
Within the context of materials engineering, starch stands out as a sustainable source for the production of biofilms, due to its biodegradability and its renewable source of high produc-tion in several different climates and regions. However, pure starch materials have insuffi-cient properties for their wide application in industry and commerce, and hydroxypropyla-tion is a sustainable way to reduce the hydrophilic and fragile character of the material. In this study, cassava starch and açaí residue were chemically modified by hydroxypropylation. The combination of parameters for sample preparation was performed by a design of exper-iments 2³ full factorial. The substrates were previously activated with KOH in water and ethanol solution, modified in different molar ratios (0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 OHPO/OHglucose), tem-peratures (115, 125 and 135 °C) and açaí residue proportions (0, 5 and 10 wt%). The effects of each defined parameter were evaluated by analysis of variance (ANOVA), revealing that the molar ratio and the higher amount of açaí residue significantly increased the mass gain, while the temperature had the opposite effect. The structural characterization by FTIR and solid-state NMR confirmed the chemical modification through the identification of methyl bond peaks, with quantification of the degree of substitution by elemental analysis and sol-id-state NMR, varying between 0.1 and 0.4, as the molar ratio increases and the temperature decreases. Notably, complete gelatinization of starch was observed during the reaction, evi-denced by the absence of crystalline structures in XRD and SEM. However, homopolymeri-zation of propylene oxide (PPO) has been observed, resulting in the intermolecular presence of PPO in the polymer chains, significantly increasing the plasticization of the material. This plasticization can be observed by TG and DSC, which indicate a reduction in thermal stability, in addition to accelerated retrogradation with the formation of short- and long-range crystalline structures via XRD and FTIR, especially in samples containing açaí resi-due. Due to the previous plasticization of starch, films were obtained via casting at room temperature with significant lower amount of glycerol (7.5% starch weigh basis), resulting in materials with 470% high elongation at break, although with lower maximum tensile strength stress, greater hydrophilicity and tendency to retrogradation. The results demon-strate the potential of chemical modification of starch to expand its applications in sustaina-ble packaging, due to the success in the low use of synthetic plasticizers achieved.
Cerâmicas bioinspiradas recobertas com óxidos perovskíticos para aplicação em catálise por plasma de micro-ondas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-03-26)
Cardoso, André Lair Ferreira
;
Muche, Dereck Nills Ferreira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6542991023278848
;
Gunnewiek, Rodolfo Foster Klein
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5185829124608696
Climate changes related to global warming are directly associated with greenhouse gases emissions, mostly originated from fossil fuels. To help mitigate these gases emissions, the viability of advanced catalytic techniques, such as microwave plasma catalysis, are evaluated. This thesis aims to produce a bioinspired ceramic by microwave sintering to be used as support for catalytic particles for microwave plasma catalysis. The support was produced by conventional and microwave sintering, achieving a 35% reduction in energy consumption when sintered by the microwave technique. The catalytic ceramics, BaTiO3, SrTiO3, Ba0,5Sr0,5TO3 and MgTiO3, were synthesized by the conventional or microwave assisted Pechini method, followed by analysis of the resulting powder using X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The particle deposition over the bioinspired support was carried out, investigating their microwave plasma resistance. It was noted that the particles protected the support from plasma ablation and sputtering. The plasma resistance under Argon or Nitrogen microwave plasmas of the bulk titanate ceramics were also investigated, evaluating their microstructural stability, densification and modification of electrical and dielectric properties regarding the sintering technique and type of plasma treatment. The SrTiO3 composition presented the best plasma resistance, while others were also resistant to plasma ablation and sputtering. All compositions presented high values of dielectric constant, foreseeing a decent application as catalytic materials in microwave plasma catalysis.
A influência do ambiente escolar e do letramento em cultura africana na crença de autoeficácia docente para o ensino dos objetos de conhecimento de matriz africana nas aulas de educação física
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-03-26)
Alvares, Luis Eduardo
;
Godoi Jacomassi, Daniela
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7699007812483790
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2715455816295604
Despite the mandatory teaching of African culture according to Law 10.639/03, its presence in Brazilian schools is still limited and faces several challenges, such as prejudice and stereotypes, isolated practices on specific dates to meet protocols, and teachers' insufficient undergraduate education on this topic. In this context, it becomes relevant to investigate teachers' self-efficacy beliefs regarding the teaching of these contents. Teacher self-efficacy is defined as the judgment that teachers make about their ability to establish teaching strategies, create effective learning environments, and engage students even in the face of difficulties. Thus, teachers' confidence in their ability to teach African culture can directly influence their practices with this content in the school routine. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between teachers' perceptions of the influence of the school environment, their literacy in African culture, and their self-efficacy beliefs to teach this content in physical education classes. The study was exploratory and used a quali-quantitative approach. A questionnaire with a 0-10 scale was applied to assess teachers' perceptions of the influence of the school environment, literacy in African culture, and self-efficacy beliefs. For the study, the essential knowledge required for teaching African culture in physical education classes was defined, taking into account the legal framework, curriculum guidelines, and official documents in Brazilian education. Based on this knowledge, the specific domains for teaching African culture were identified, analyzing the diversity of content and knowledge dimensions (conceptual, procedural, and attitudinal). The results indicated that, although teachers reported a high perception of self-efficacy in topics such as combating racism and African-based games and play, this perception did not extend to topics such as African history and culture, African martial arts, and dances. Additionally, the findings showed that the higher the perception of literacy, the more favorable the school environment was perceived to be for teaching African culture, and the greater the self-efficacy in teaching this content. It was also found that internal factors related to personal moral agency tend to be more effective motivators than external regulators such as laws, curriculum guidelines, and official documents. Based on the results, the study highlights the need for racial and cultural literacy in teacher education to promote a more meaningful approach to this theme within the school curriculum, thereby enhancing self-efficacy beliefs for teaching this content in physical education classes.
O teletrabalho e a gaiola de silício: autonomia, controle e resistência no contexto da pandemia de Covid-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-03-27)
Veloso, Braian Garrito
;
Lima, Jacob Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9244132532446607
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6475-9575
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2537302046587655
This research has, as a general objective, to analyze the trends in new processes of technification of contemporary life revealed from the experience of transition from face-to-face work to teleworking in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. We start from the hypothesis that this experience of change is fertile ground for observing the main characteristics that involve the relationships between workers and digital technologies within a specific historical-social framework that, in this thesis, we defend based on the original concept called silicon cage. The specific objectives are: to describe and define the characteristics of teleworking, considering its specificities in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic; identify the objective conditions of teleworking in the context of the pandemic and beyond of it; understand the relationship between workers and digital technologies and the resulting implications; investigate changes from face-to-face work to teleworking based on modulations of time, space and subjective engagement in light of the perception and experience of autonomy; and explain the transition from the iron cage to the silicon cage. When it comes to methodology, it is a qualitative approach that included convenience sampling. The study starts from a phenomenological perspective in that it emphasizes the subjects' experience and their perceptions. Regarding methodological procedures, we used: narrative bibliographic review, virtual questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. Based on some of the main results, it was observed that, in the pandemic, the relationship between workers and technologies involved, in some cases, important resignifications in the ways in which subjects understand digital technological resources; the experiences of teleworkers during the pandemic are also related to previous objective conditions; modulations in teleworking, when combining time and space, tend to promote overload situations; and the use of mobile technologies contributes to the configuration of what we call the silicon cage as a process of technification of contemporary life.
Modelo matemático e computacional para robôs espaciais de base livre e múltiplos braços com momento não-conservado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-03-27)
Rodrigues, Gabriel da Silva
;
Pazelli, Tatiana de Figueiredo Pereira Alves Taveira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2574900514697052
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9268113350374242
;
Siqueira, Adriano Almeida Gonçalves
The development of orbital space robotics in recent decades is aimed at meeting the demand for extra-vehicular missions, such as supply, maintenance, inspection, rescue and transport of materials. A space manipulator can be defined by one or more arms attached to a floating base (satellite) designed for operation in orbit. The distinguishing characteristic of these systems is the dynamic coupling between the base and the manipulators. In this work, a mathematical model is proposed for a space robot with multiple arms and a floating base, capable of dealing with external forces and non-zero linear and angular momentum, especially to maximize the fidelity between the model and the robot in detumbling applications. The main objective is to present a mathematical model that is sufficiently detailed in the constructions of vectors and matrices necessary for its implementation, maintaining its functional generality and consistency with the real operation of the manipulator in terms of obedience to the laws of classical mechanics. The work in question addresses gaps in the literature regarding the dynamic model in Cartesian space and the behavior of the robotic system in conditions of interaction with non-cooperative targets, such as inconsistencies in the calculations of non-inertial terms and angular momentum, mapping of forces between joint and task domains through the Generalized Jacobian Matrix and cancellation of momentum in post-impact situations. From simulations, it is clear that the presented formulations are internally consistent in joint and inertial domains. The application of multiple target stabilization tasks, whose formulation is based on the generalization of the spatial Jacobian for multiple arms, presented satisfactory performance, thus assuming a relevant role in future applications involving multiple target detumbling.
Professores da UFT no ensino remoto: caracterização da sociedade de risco e análise do espaço-tempo pela teoria ator-rede
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-03-27)
Silva, Maria Emília da
;
Vilela, Denise Silva
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8155152145332951
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2243534212480178
Contemporary society has witnessed the evolution of digital technologies in a wide range of sectors. In the field of education new ways of teaching and learning using these tools are also being experienced or discussed. In the years 2020/2021, we experienced a pandemic caused by the Sars-CoV-2 virus and, to face this situation, in schools and universities there was emergency remote teaching. In this thesis, the sociotechnical network that configured emergency remote teaching in higher education at the Federal University of Tocantins (UFT) at the Arraias/TO campus during the aforementioned period was investigated.This is a qualitative research, with field research, through interviews with thirteen professors from the five in-person undergraduate courses at this university. The main objective was to characterize emergency remote teaching as part of the risk society as defined by Ulrich Beck. We also used Bruno Latour's Actor-Network Theory (ANT) to understand the space and time that were performed in this sociotechnical network, highlighting deviations, compositions, and networks. The expression globalization-minus, defined by Latour (2020) to identify situations in times of crisis, will also be used. The main results were: TAR provided us with another bias in the perception of the sociotechnical network that involved space and time in emergency remote teaching, in which it deepened the understanding of the sociotechnical networks involved, examining how space, time, actors and practices were incessantly formed and negotiated. It was found that a situation of immediacy was performed on the part of students when it came to obtaining feedback from teachers; the issue of delays in synchronous meetings was perceived differently from in-person teaching. The connections between remote teaching and science, technology, politics, society, health and education became more visible. Regarding the risk society, it was evident that this period was very complex, bringing to light anguish, stress, insecurities, anxieties and a lot of uncertainty, by the interviewees in this unprecedented situation, due to the speed of decision-making in an uncertain scenario. The sketches of the networks also show the unprecedented scenario that was performed in this teaching.
Análise multivariada de conteúdos da cultura científica via ciência de dados sociais e aprendizado de máquina RAG-LLM (geração aumentada por recuperação para modelos linguísticos de grande dimensão)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-03-28)
Terezan de Moura, Renato Aparecido
;
Sousa, Cidoval Morais de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0573233540937425
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7812-8667
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9976994758941814
Guided by interdisciplinary epistemological approaches from the field of Science, Technology, and Society (CTS), we investigated communication dynamics in two projects at a public university, using a hybrid approach that combines Content Analysis with Machine Learning and Social Data Science. We collected and analyzed collections from websites and digital media, including interactions in chats, comments, and event broadcasts. Our research demonstrated the effectiveness of scientific culture dynamics, the public reach of the projects, and revealed user idiosyncrasies through the correlation of quantitative and qualitative variables. The data was collected and mined using statistical and Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques in MAXQDA software, and complemented by multivariate analyses. To analyze audiovisual and textual content from streaming channels, we developed machine learning pipelines with RAGs-LLMs (Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Large Language Models). The results of the thesis are presented in visual and analytical dashboards on the website tecnociencia.net.br, where we also implemented a conversational robot (Tesebot), trained with the research content to answer questions. The conclusion of the thesis shows that its corroboration is inevitable and loaded with statistical and inferential certainties, which reflect and legitimize the complexity of research in the era of post-academic science, big tech, social networks, and artificial intelligence. The methodological strategies made it possible to understand all the variables and statistical and relational instances involved in the dynamic observation of scientific culture in the dissemination projects researched.