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Investigação da indução de metabólitos em soja [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] frente à herbivoria por Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-04)
Costa, Josicleia Oliveira
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Wouters, Felipe Christoff
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4392349445398645
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9469985968777626
Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is a crop of great economic and nutritional importance, widely cultivated in Brazil and around the world. However, its cultivation faces significant challenges, with pest attacks being one of the main threats to productivity. Among these pests, the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), stands out due to its high adaptability and resistance to traditional control methods, such as the use of insecticides. This insect is capable of attacking plants from the early developmental stages to the reproductive phases, compromising both yield and crop quality. The intensive use of insecticides has had negative impacts on the agroecosystem, which drives the search for more sustainable strategies, such as studying the natural resistance of plants and the metabolites involved in this interaction. In this study, the induction of metabolites in young and old soybean leaves at different vegetative stages (VC, V2, and V5) subjected to herbivory by S. frugiperda was investigated. Through untargeted metabolomic analysis, performed by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS, it was possible to identify and annotate a variety of primary and secondary metabolites, with a focus on fatty acids, phenolic acids, and terpenoids. The results showed that the VC and V2 stages were the most responsive to stress caused by herbivory, exhibiting greater metabolic changes. In contrast, the V5 stage showed less metabolic induction, with compounds exclusively related to primary metabolism. At the same time, the effect of induced resistance in the different vegetative stages on the biological development of S. frugiperda was assessed. For this, the plants were subjected to previous herbivory experiments, and in bioassays, the caterpillars were fed with previously induced leaves. The parameters analyzed included larval, pupal, and adult weights, as well as leaf consumption. The results revealed that the VC and V2 stages had a significant impact on the development of S. frugiperda. At the VC stage, there was a substantial reduction in pupal and adult weights, while at the V2 stage, there was a significant decrease in larval and adult mass. On the other hand, the V5 stage was more susceptible, allowing more favorable caterpillar development, without significant changes in the biological parameters evaluated. These findings reinforce that leaf age and plant development stage directly influence both the magnitude of the metabolic induction response and the development of S. frugiperda, highlighting the importance of considering these variables in the sustainable management of agricultural pests.
Ultrassom como pré-tratamento na obtenção do óleo essencial de Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden e Betche) Cheel.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-04)
Vaz, Adriel Rodrigues
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Freitas, Roberta Ranielle Matos de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4952749113890055
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Pádua, Franciane Andrade de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2945447364979913
The essential oil market has shown continuous growth in recent years, with a significant increase after the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2022, the global market reached USD 8.8 billion, with projections to reach USD 15.3 billion by 2027, driven by greater awareness of preventive health and a growing preference for natural alternatives. Among plants with potential for essential oil extraction, Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea Tree) stands out for its wide range of applications. However, in Brazil, research has focused primarily on the pharmacological properties of the species, with gaps in studies on the optimization of its cultivation and extraction. This study evaluated the application of ultrasound pretreatment as a strategy to enhance the yield of essential oil extraction from M. alternifolia, aligned with the sustainable principles of Green Chemistry. The effects of three operational parameters during the pretreatment were investigated: sonication time (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 minutes), ultrasonic bath temperature (25 °C, 40 °C, and 60 °C), and liquid-to-solid ratio (LSR) (10, 15, and 20 mL g⁻¹). The extractions following the pretreatment were performed by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger apparatus. Parameter optimization was conducted using Linear Mixed Models (LMM). The chemical composition of the extracted oils was evaluated using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and compared to a commercial sample to identify potential structural alterations due to the ultrasound pretreatment. The results demonstrated that increasing the ultrasonic bath temperature during the pretreatment reduced the extraction yield, while prolonging sonication time increased the yield, though in a nonlinear fashion. For the LSR, moderate proportions ensuring full immersion of the material, such as 15 mL g⁻¹, showed the best performance. Spectroscopic analysis indicated that the ultrasound pretreatment did not cause significant changes in the chemical composition of the essential oil. It is concluded that the use of ultrasound as a pretreatment is an efficient approach to optimize the extraction of essential oil from M. alternifolia, enabling an increase of up to 48% in yield compared to conventional hydrodistillation without ultrasound pretreatment.
O que vem depois das águas: entre arquivos da exceção e libertação da terra no Submédio São Francisco
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-04)
Bezerra, Sabrina Maria Gonçalves Luz Barros
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Marques, Adalton Jose
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4640452160891026
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Villela, Jorge Luiz Mattar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8301325600502054
This dissertation is the result of research conducted among archives that were opened due to the same problem: the conditions and effects of the appreciation of Caatinga lands and their relationship with water in the Submédio São Francisco Valley (SMFS). The investigation led me to the documents of three entities, in this order: i) the Superintendence for the Development of the Northeast (Sudene); ii) the Dom José Rodrigues Collection, the former library of the Diocese of Juazeiro-BA, designed by Bishop Dom José Rodrigues (1975-2003); and iii) the Archive of the Pastoral Land Commission of Juazeiro (CPT). Understood as distinct forms of constitution and visibility of formulations, the documentary and archival heterogeneity present here reflects forces that emerged and acted to transform or resist the changes imposed by development projects in the Submédio. Thus, a documentary fabric was constructed capable of deepening the relationship between the Public Irrigation Policies of the 1980s and the construction of the Sobradinho Dam in Bahia during the 1970s — whether through planning statements or through discourses of reaction and resistance. This documentary fabric constitutes the very essence of this research. That is, a documentation constructed under a relationship of forces. On the one hand, Sudene represents efforts to transform the São Francisco caatinga into an example of modernity and development, seeking to transform the exception of development into the rule; on the other, the CPT and the Diocese of Juazeiro bring together efforts aimed at the liberation of human beings and their lands. Thus, these archives can be understood, respectively, as archives of exception and archives of liberation — theoretical-methodological strategies that allow us to examine authors, testimonies, gaps and other elements, some of which have been eclipsed, related to the problem of water and land in the São Francisco.
Reflexões sobre a educação de surdos e o ensino de Libras-L1 a partir do Currículo da Cidade de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-04)
Cruz, Márcia
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Yokota, Rosa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9230517686993400
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1672-1430
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7794191148086276
Deaf education is a recurrent subject in this century and has, as its effect, the consolidation of bilingual approach as being the most adequate conception for the students´ teaching and learning. The bilingual process involving Libras (Brazilian Sign Languange), a visual-spacial language, and Portuguese, an oral-auditory one, is only taken into consideration in the written mode. It is understood that, for that process to occur in a satisfactory way, a solid linguistic basis in Libras, considered the native language, is necessary. This qualitative documental essay aims to reflect on the teaching of the deaf, dissecting the teaching of Libras as first language, with the goal of understanding its insertion in the school programme. We chose, as the source for the analysis, the document entitled Currículo da cidade: Educação Especial: Língua Brasileira de Sinais (City curriculom : Special Educationa: Brazilian Sign Language) of São Paulo city. The choice was due to it being a pioneer in the federal level. We intend to investigate and reflect about deaf education, acquisition and learning of the sign language by the deaf and the conception of a school programme, in order to understand the Libras Programme's contribution to the education of the deaf aiming to better understand in which way the referred conceptionsreveal themselves in the Currículo da Cidade: Educação Especial: Língua Brasileira de Sinais of São Paulo city.
Imagens de uma primeira-dama: Darcy Vargas no Cine Jornal Brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-04)
Siqueira, Sofia Figueira de
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Sá Neto, Arthur Autran Franco de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5055550097454248
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4455-8105
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4252091251515961
This thesis analyzes the construction of Darcy Vargas’s image in the Cine Jornal Brasileiro during the Estado Novo (1937–1945), investigating the cinematic representation of this historical figure, with an emphasis on her role in social assistance. The research examines how Darcy Vargas’s image was associated with family, charity, and the Catholic Church, reinforcing the legitimacy of Getúlio Vargas’s government. Produced by the Departamento de Imprensa e Propaganda (DIP), the newsreels played a central role in disseminating the regime’s ideology, portraying the First Lady as a mediator between the State and the most vulnerable populations. Darcy Vargas’s actions, linked to institutions such as the Casa do Pequeno Jornaleiro and the Legião Brasileira de Assistência (LBA), strengthened the official government discourse as a protector of the people and a promoter of social harmony. The research adopts an approach that combines film analysis, the study of documentary sources, and a literature review to understand the role of this First Lady in Brazilian politics and the use of cinema in constructing official narratives. This study contributes to the debate on the relationship between gender, power, and communication, highlighting how Darcy Vargas’s image was shaped to serve the government’s interests and consolidate Getúlio Vargas’s authority in society.
Obtenção e caracterização de extratos de folhas de yacon por líquido pressurizado sob diferentes condições de solvente e de temperatura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-04)
Souza, Larissa Lóren de
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Aguiar, Ana Carolina de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6206317990010266
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Pimentel Filho, Natan de Jesus
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9157232954010211
The use of plants for medicinal purposes has been recorded throughout history. With scientific advances, it has been possible to identify some beneficial effects of plants related to the bioactive compounds present in them. Phenolic compounds stand out as bioactive compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity and potential for preventing cardiovascular diseases, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, osteoporosis and slowing down ageing. Still little known, yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius) has demonstrated the presence of various classes of phenolics in its leaves, which makes it a promising natural resource that can be associated with emerging extraction technologies to obtain extracts rich in phenolic compounds with potential antioxidant action. Pressurized Liquid Extraction (PLE) and Subcritical Water Extraction (SWE), which in the literature have been shown to be efficient in recovering phenolic compounds, were used to obtain extracts from dried yacon leaves. The solvents used were ethanol 25% (v/v), ethanol 50% (v/v), ethanol 75% (v/v), ethanol 100% and pure water, at temperatures of 60, 90 and 120 °C, with extra points for water at 110, 130 and 150 °C. Subsequently, the extracts were characterized in terms of overall yield, total phenolics using the Folin Ciocalteu method, identification and quantification of phenolic compounds by ultraperformance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detector (UPLC-PDA), antioxidant capacity using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and ferric reduction capacity (FRAP) methods, protein content using the Bradford method, in vitro anti-inflammatory activity, antimicrobial activity, minimum inhibitory concentration assay and analysis of antiquorum sensing activity. In addition, a comparison was made between emerging and conventional extraction methods using the Soxhlet technique. The results showed that increasing the temperature, combined with alcohol fractions of up to 50%, provided higher yields, as well as greater recovery of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity. In the chromatographic analysis, the main phenolic compounds identified were caffeic acid, glucaric acid, quercetin-O-hexoside and kaempferol derivatives. Five extracts showed antiinflammatory activity. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated against Lactococcus lactis ATCC 19435 by determining the minimum inhibitory concentrations. In addition, antiquorum sensing activity was assessed using Chromobacterium violaceum, enabling the direct observation of the inhibitory effect on violacein synthesis, which is regulated by this cell-tocell communication mechanism. The results highlight the promising potential of producing yacon leaf extracts through PLE, promoting a more sustainable process and yielding bioactive compounds with potential applications in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries.
Metaverso como ambiente de trabalho para times ágeis: uma proposta de requisitos de design
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-08)
Oliveira, Fabricio Malta de
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Zaina, Luciana Aparecida Martinez
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0192085115595443
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1736-544X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8534774168648227
In recent years, remote work in software development has become increasingly common, driving the search for solutions that enhance communication and collaboration among distributed teams. Within this context, the metaverse emerges as a promising alternative by offering a three-dimensional, immersive, and persistent virtual environment capable of making remote experiences more similar to face-to-face interactions. Although Scrum is widely adopted, its use in remote settings remains focused on Distributed Agile Development through traditional two-dimensional tools, revealing a gap regarding its implementation in the metaverse. This study proposes a set of design requirements to adapt Scrum for the metaverse, aiming to optimize collaboration in remote software teams. The research was structured into five main stages: a literature review to identify related studies; an exploratory study to characterize the metaverse and its applications; an analysis of challenges faced by distributed teams to inform Scrum requirements; the proposal of design requirements followed by prototyping; and finally, an evaluation of these requirements with professionals in the field. The exploratory study identified key characteristics of the metaverse, such as immersive space, along with attributes like personalization, interoperability, and compatibility with immersive technologies. A subsequent literature review on the challenges of remote agile teams supported the definition of both cross-cutting requirements—such as faithful presence through avatars—and specific requirements for Scrum ceremonies, including sprint planning. The prototype featured avatars, 3D kanban boards, and interactive tools, and was evaluated by 12 experienced software development professionals. Quantitative analysis using the Igroup Presence Questionnaire (IPQ) revealed a high perception of spatial presence, while semi-structured interviews highlighted benefits such as increased focus, improved collaboration, and enhanced team cohesion. The findings suggest that the metaverse can help remote teams more closely approximate the dynamics of in-person work.
Detecção de propagadores influentes por aprendizado de máquina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-09)
Bugada, Vitória de Camargo
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Peron, Thomas Kauê Dal'Maso
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1087642697727776
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Branco
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0964383127189148
The study of complex networks is essential to understanding interconnected systems in areas such as biology, sociology and technology. These networks, made up of nodes and edges, reveal important emerging patterns. Network analysis allows you to optimize interventions and improve systems resilience. The identification of influential propagators in a network, such as those responsible for the spread of diseases or information, is fundamental and depends on the dynamics of the phenomenon. Different approaches such as k-shell analysis and optimization models help predict these propagators. This study seeks to analyze the relationship between centrality measures and the propagation capacity in social and spatial networks, proposing prediction models to identify the main influencers and optimize dissemination control.
Os estigmas sobre o rural nas políticas público-territoriais: o caso das demarcações rural-urbanas nos planos diretores de São Carlos - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-09)
Roldão, Afonso Henrique
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Martins, Rodrigo Constante
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6617183095074852
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2700-3319
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9247114826135364
Considering the institutional nature of territorial management, which sometimes ignores qualitative aspects of the landscape, this paper analyzes the treatment given to rural areas and ruralities in the panorama of territorial management in the municipality of São Carlos. Firstly, in a contextualizing way, looking for historical clippings and aspects of legal evolution at the municipal level. In addition, the scope of the research characterized São Carlos' territorial management through the two versions of its Master Plan, a public policy established by the City Statute (Law No. 10.257/2001). This public-territorial policy, which was first implemented in the municipality in 2005 (Law No. 13.691/2005), had its original version replaced by a new plan in 2016 (Law No. 18.053/2016), and both versions have undergone significant changes over the years. In this sense, the applied research sought to analyze the view of rural areas in the municipality through this group of laws, which often aimed to change zoning, transforming rural areas into new urban areas, considering the existence of a continuum and promoting socio-environmental impacts. Therefore, the main focus of the research was the search for a descriptive synthesis of how rural areas were seen and portrayed by public authorities. To this end, in addition to an in-depth literature review, an analytical category was applied to the legislation analyzed, based on studies carried out by multilateral institutions, such as the OECD, and works by authors such as Milton Santos and José Eli da Veiga, among others, based on the methodology for analyzing situations left by Milton Santos in his 1988 production. In this way, by going through the definitions of space, territory and rural areas, the established political structure and the application of the laws, a synthesis guided by a critical sense was built, and not just a review of the legislation.
Índice de severidade e SIG combinados para identificar e caracterizar a sinistralidade de trânsito em município de pequeno porte
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-10)
Bellintane Júnior, Cláudio
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Guerreiro, Thais de Cassia Martinelli
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2650555786682535
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5192349156513503
;
https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1218-4302
The disorderly growth of cities has caused many urban problems, including unplanned urban mobility focused on motor vehicles, resulting in numerous traffic accidents, loss of life, and significant social and economic losses. This growth has also affected small cities, such as the city of Novo Horizonte/SP, the object of this research. The city has approximately 39 thousand inhabitants and a fleet of more than 32 thousand vehicles. In addition, the urban mobility problems are the same as in large cities, although to a lesser extent, but causing similar effects. Given the above, this research combines the severity index, through the calculation of the UPS, with GIS to identify the critical points of accidents in the city of Novo Horizonte. The methodology applied consisted of collecting accident data from the period between 2018 and 2023 from police reports prepared by the Military Police of the State of São Paulo. Based on the processing and systematization of the data, the severity index was calculated to define the critical points, according to the severity of each traffic accident. The data was then georeferenced in a GIS, from which it was possible to create Kernel Density Maps that showed the areas with the highest concentration of severity. The research identified the roads and critical points with the highest severity, in addition to analyzing the times and days of the week related to the accidents. Detailed data on victims revealed that the most vulnerable groups (motorcyclists, pedestrians, and cyclists) require priority in actions and interventions since they represented 70.83% of the total deaths recorded in the period from 2018 to 2023.
Diagnóstico de estilos de aprendizagem em biologia e implementação de atividades correlatas: quais são suas implicações na aprendizagem?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-11)
Gaspar, Priscila Borges Dalbem
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Zanon, Dulcimeire Aparecida Volante
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1811225448261362
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3728-6175
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5274001561703346
Teaching is a complex challenge, especially in classrooms composed of students with different learning profiles. To address this reality, several models have been developed to identify students’ learning styles and, consequently, assist teachers in their work. These models have been applied at different educational levels as diagnostic tools to help map students’ needs and preferences, thereby contributing to more effective pedagogical decisions. In this context, the present study aimed to analyze the learning styles in Biology of first-year high school students in a vocational education school located in the interior of São Paulo state. Additionally, it sought to implement teaching activities related to these learning styles to identify their implications for student learning. To achieve this, we used the New Index of Learning Styles (N-ILS) questionnaire, adapted by Vieira Júnior (2012). Due to the specific focus on Biology, linguistic and metalinguistic adjustments were made to the instrument’s questions. A total of 35 students participated in the study, and the results indicated a predominance of active, sensing, visual, and sequential learning profiles. These profiles suggest a preference for participatory, experimental, and logically organized approaches. Based on this data, considering the study’s objective and the first-year high school curriculum, we adopted the Science, Technology, and Society (STS) perspective as our theoretical-methodological framework. This approach is particularly relevant for fostering interest in Science and promoting problem-solving in decision-making processes. From the STS perspective, a set of teaching activities was designed and implemented throughout the second bimester of 2024. To assess the implications of these activities on student learning while correlating them with the identified learning styles, we applied Discursive Textual Analysis (DTA). This qualitative approach enabled a deeper understanding of the investigated phenomena, facilitating the reconstruction and expansion of knowledge on the covered topics. Overall, the results indicated that most students perceived the adaptation of activities as positive, validating the effectiveness of the implemented practices. However, the findings also highlight the importance of diversifying tools and pedagogical strategies to address an even broader spectrum of learning profiles.
Elaboração, aplicação e análise de aulas em perspectiva dialógica de ensino-aprendizagem sobre Sistemática Vegetal para o ensino fundamental I
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-11)
Oliveira, Matheus Fernando Custódio de
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Calzolari Neto, Anselmo João
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4906309581958797
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6703-9079
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Sebastiani, Renata
Botany is a science that encompasses all aspects related to plants, and is important and forms part of the major area of Biology. Plant Systematics is the main constituent axis of Evolutionary Biology. However, regarding the teaching and learning aspects of this axis in Basic Education schools, several authors have raised questions and problems, identifying it as ineffective, repetitive and memorizing. Despite this, there are few studies that contribute to overcoming the barriers already known. Thus, this research presents the development, application and analysis of classes in a dialogical perspective of teaching and learning about Plant Systematics for Elementary Education. For this, the classes were based on Freire's Thematic Approach, being divided into three Pedagogical Moments: problematization, organization of knowledge and application of knowledge. Successful Educational Actions were incorporated to compose the stages. The research was conducted in a municipal school in the city of Limeira/SP, in a 5th grade Science class. Based on the Communicative Methodology, the data were collected, analyzed and agreed upon through the Communicative Observation Diary and the Communicative Focus Group. Furthermore, the knowledge present in the students' records during the activities was quantified based on the presence of key words in the answers, accounted for by the correction/verification of learning impressions and analyzed according to the typology of knowledge proposed by Eric Gutstein, evidencing an approval rate of 72.7%, that is, above the institutional school average (5). As a result of this analytical process, the results of learning impressions were compared with the exclusionary and transformative elements identified in the diary and in the focus group, verifying the contributions in relation to Dialogical Learning, as a theoretical methodological framework, and in relation to the presence of Classical, Community and Critical knowledge on Plant Systematics, as well as that brought by the students from reading the world. Furthermore, the interference of variables was considered, such as teaching experience and experience with Successful Educational Actions, as an analytical process of the practice of the ambiguous role of teacher and researcher.
Obtenção de hidrogéis à base de amido e nanocelulose para potencial aplicação na agricultura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-11)
Hernandez, Cécile Chaves
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Pereira, Robson Valentim
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1675940843759718
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3314-8752
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Menezes, Aparecido Junior de
Hydrogels, due to their porous three-dimensional structure, have the ability to swell, absorbing fluids, a very important property when they are intended to be used in the field of agriculture as a superabsorbent polymer, helping to control soil moisture; as a soil conditioner, performing a controlled delivery of fertilizers and other agrochemicals or even for the removal of metal ions that accumulate in the soil due to its natural non-degradation. The present study proposes the preparation of a hydrogel obtained through a matrix of starch (cassava and arrowroot)/xanthan gum and starch (cassava and arrowroot)/xanthan gum with cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) ionically, covalently and double crosslinked, forming a nanocomposite, to obtain better mechanical and physicochemical properties. The characterization techniques used in this study were: Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), determination of Viscosity Average Molar Mass (Mv), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and swelling analysis. It was observed that the different morphologies and amylose/amylopectin contents of the starches influence their viscosities, which directly interferes in the analyzed properties and that the presence of xanthan gum, and the crosslinks contribute to the formation of a dense and compact structure in the hydrogels. Double crosslinking produces an appearance of inflexibility and rigidity in the hydrogel. The density of the network formed after crosslinking and the presence of CNFs interfered in the thermal and swelling properties, causing a decrease in thermal stability and mass loss, with the main peak of mass loss between 153 °C and 167 °C, while for starch it occurs above 300 °C. After these analyses, it can be concluded that the presence of NFC in the hydrogels reduced the swelling power, since the interactions between NFC and starch reduce the mobility of the network. Good results were obtained for the different starch hydrogels and that covalent crosslinking confers greater swelling power to the material, with swelling power above 1000%. The results obtained for the covalently crosslinked samples being superior to those obtained by ionic crosslinking and doubly crosslinked.
Controle postural e Doença de Alzheimer: efeitos de diferentes condições de dupla tarefa e de um programa de exercícios físicos domiciliares
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-11)
Costa, Danielle Chagas Pereira da Silva
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Andrade, Larissa Pires de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7334391500340646
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7514078831994178
This doctoral thesis comprises two studies focusing on the assessment and intervention of postural control, dual-task performance, and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Study I: The first study aimed to investigate the effects of different dual-task conditions on postural control during the sit-to-stand transition in older adults with mild to moderate AD. This cross-sectional study included 24 older adults diagnosed with AD (8 men and 16 women, mean age 77.9±6.3 years). Participants were assessed under four conditions using a force platform: (i) single-task, (ii) bimanual motor dual-task, (iii) unimanual motor dual-task (dominant and non-dominant), and (iv) cognitive dual-task, across the three phases of the sit-to-stand movement. Postural control variables—Center of Pressure (CoP) Area, Anteroposterior and Mediolateral Amplitude, and Velocity—were analyzed. Cognitive functions were assessed using the Frontal Assessment Battery and the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination. Functional physical performance was evaluated using the Five-Times Sit-to-Stand Test. A force platform (BERTEC 400, EMG System do Brasil®) was used to analyze postural control. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Our hypothesis was partially confirmed: a significant difference was observed in Anteroposterior Amplitude during phase 2 of the sit-to-stand transition, specifically between the single-task condition and the dominant unimanual motor dual-task condition. This finding suggests that asymmetric upper limb use has a more pronounced impact on postural control. These results highlight the need to incorporate asymmetric motor tasks in rehabilitation, as they pose greater challenges to postural control in older adults with AD, regardless of disease stage, and may enhance therapeutic strategies for this population. Study II: The second study evaluated the effects of a home-based physical exercise program (AD-HOMEX) on postural control in older adults with AD during the sit-to-stand task under dual-task conditions. This was a randomized controlled clinical trial with 25 participants, randomly allocated to the Intervention Group (IG) (n=13, mean age 79.5±0.4 years) and the Control Group (CG) (n=12, mean age 76±0.5 years). The AD-HOMEX program included multimodal exercises (stretching, strength, balance, and dual-task training) performed three times per week over 16 weeks. Postural control was assessed before (M1) and after the intervention (M2) using the BERTEC 400 force platform. The assessed conditions were the same as in Study I, with CoP Area as the primary variable of interest. The sit-to-stand movement was subdivided into three phases. Group (IG vs. CG) and time (M1 vs. M2) interactions were tested using mixed linear models with interactions (MANOVA). Despite high adherence to the program (81.25%) and session attendance (92.3%), no significant differences in postural control were observed between groups or time points under any dual-task condition. Although AD-HOMEX was a structured multimodal exercise program incorporating dual-task stimuli, it was not sufficient to improve postural control during the sit-to-stand task under various dual-task complexities. These findings suggest that home-based interventions should include more specific functional training for the sit-to-stand task under dual-task conditions to optimize postural control in challenging situations. Furthermore, both studies employed refined methodologies to assess postural control in dynamic and ecologically valid contexts, advancing the understanding of postural control mechanisms in AD. The findings provide valuable insights for improving rehabilitation strategies and fall prevention, reinforcing the need for more targeted approaches for this population.
Lazer e educação popular: perspectivas de participantes-egressos/as de um projeto social
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-11)
Santos, Matheus Oliveira
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Gonçalves Junior, Luiz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1324174147128430
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1585-0596
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0301401505546806
The university extension project Experiences in Diversified Leisure Activities (VADL), linked to the Department of Physical Education and Human Motricity at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), aims to provide education by and for leisure to children and teenagers between 7 and 17 years of age from vulnerable communities in São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil. Guided by the principles of Popular Education, VADL develops activities that value ethnic-racial, gender, intergenerational, and environmental relations. Its theoretical-methodological framework articulates Dialogical Pedagogy, the Science of Human Motricity, Existential Phenomenology, and the Ecology of Knowledges. This doctoral thesis aimed to identify, describe, and understand the educational processes inherent to the social practice of leisure that emerge from the memories of former participants of the project. The research adopted a qualitative approach, grounded in phenomenology (situated-phenomenon modality), and involved semi-structured interviews with 24 former project participants. After transcription and careful readings of the interviews, phenomenological reduction and nomothetic analysis procedures were applied, from which three thematic categories emerged. The first category, “Leisure as a Lived Right: The Role of VADL in Participants’ Lives,” reveals how VADL dismantled historical barriers that limit access to leisure. The participants described the project as a space for the democratization and re-signification of leisure, recognizing it as both a right and a form of resistance against social inequalities. The second category, “Learning to Be More: Knowledges Constructed within VADL,” brings to light the multiple learnings fostered by the project. These learnings went beyond technical skills, encompassing ethical, social, and cultural values that impacted the life trajectories of the former participants. VADL emerged as a space for intercultural dialogue, where diverse knowledges were valued and integrated into educational practices. The third category, “Education with Love: Relationships of Trust and Commitment in VADL,” highlights the project’s affective dimension, in which the educators established bonds founded on respect and love. The care and welcoming nature of these relationships were identified by the participants as key to the project’s success, creating an environment of trust and shared responsibility where they felt valued. From these analyses, it is understood that VADL constitutes a space for critical and humanizing learning, in which leisure is experienced as both a right and a transformative social practice. The identified educational processes reveal that the project functioned as a field of resistance and collective knowledge construction, promoting awareness, humanization, and liberation.
Acessibilidade e políticas linguísticas educacionais para surdos: do contexto de produção textual às vivências na Universidade Federal do Maranhão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-11)
Dias, Walquiria Pereira da Silva
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Lacerda, Cristina Broglia Feitosa de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9468232016416725
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5558275559275293
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9087-6898
Deaf communities have historically worked to promote greater social participation and the guarantee of rights. The presence of deaf people in various sectors of society is evident, creating a demand for interpretation and translation and, consequently, the need for professionals to ensure linguistic accessibility. The institutionalization of the Libras/Portuguese Language Translator and Interpreter (TILSP) has been a reflection of this situation, but it does not always meet the need for public policies that take deaf individuals into account as citizens who exercise their rights and duties using specific language modalities. In this sense, considering legal requirements and experiences within institutions, we investigate how public policies aimed at deaf people have been guided in the educational context, specifically in Higher Education. Thus, the general objective focuses on analyzing political convergences - of accessibility, educational and linguistic - that guide the education of deaf people at UFMA, taking as a starting point institutional documents and dialogues established with TILSPs working at the institution. The specific objectives are: a) To identify, in institutional documents, plans and/or actions that contemplate deaf people, seeking to understand the policies that guide the proposals, comparing them with reports about the practices; b) To problematize the implementation of policies (of accessibility, educational and linguistic) in the context of practice, with a view to devaluing the language and the subjects involved in the process; c) To rethink the context of practice, in order to mitigate proposals that are more consistent with the needs of deaf communities in Higher Education.Based on the debates on accessibility, originally conceived in the field of Special Education, we project the discussion to the arena of Language Policies, mobilizing the perspective of language as a linguistic right and not only as a communication resource. Considering the context of our analyses, Accessibility and Linguistic Policies are considered in dialogue with Educational Policies, taking into account the relationship between macro and micro contexts to think about Deaf Education. Methodologically, this is a qualitative approach, based on a case study, with the Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA) as the locus. Three stages were carried out: a) documentary research, in which, in addition to the general legislation that guides deaf education, we analyzed internal documents from UFMA; b) a focus group held with TILSPs working at UFMA, totaling three meetings; and c) an interview with the head of the Subsection of Libras Interpreters of the aforementioned institution, to complement data collected in the focus group. The data are analyzed considering the contexts and the value of practices in the implementation of official policies. We therefore consider that, between policies and experiences, there are knowledge and power relations that permeate the educational field and make translation and interpretation of/into sign languages an important part of a very complex mechanism. We hope that this study will contribute to the formulation of public policies in the field of Higher Education.
Caminhos e singularidades dos papéis ocupacionais na parentalidade adotiva: uma perspectiva sobre a literatura recente
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-15)
Rosilho, Alice da Silva
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Magalhães, Lilian Vieira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8695787131933459
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3666-3685
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5838298531369349
The construction of occupational roles is an essential element in occupational therapy, as it reflects how individuals engage in meaningful activities in their daily lives. In the context of adoptive parenting, sociocultural values still influence how this role is perceived, often devaluing adoption in comparison to biological parenthood. Based on the Model of Human Occupation (MOHO), occupational therapy must recognize that parenting goes beyond biological markers, encompassing social, symbolic, and subjective aspects. Regarding motherhood, social transformations have chosen to become a mother more evident, yet challenges remain in equating adoptive and biological parenting. Similarly, the father’s role is often reduced to playful and financial aspects, reinforcing inequalities in caregiving responsibilities. Given this, occupational therapists play a fundamental role in redefining adoptive parenting, promoting interventions that value this process and supporting families in building emotional bonds. The profession can contribute to deconstructing normative standards and strengthening the recognition of adoption as a legitimate and fulfilling experience of parenthood.
Efeito subletal do fipronil sobre o sistema hepatonefrocítico de Bombus atratus (Swederus, 1787) (Hymenoptera Bombini).
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-15)
Nogueira, Felipe Lissoni de Andrade
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Abdalla, Fábio Camargo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7770803221041927
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1180-8211
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7055287818076406
Pollination by native bee species of the genus Bombus is essential for ensuring the sexual reproduction of plants and human food security. However, these bees are experiencing population decline due to several factors, including exposure to sublethal doses of pesticides. Fipronil is an agrochemical with inhibitory action on neuronal postsynaptic receptors, causing excessive stimulation of neurons in the insect's nervous system. The study found that sublethal concentrations of fipronil found in the field and used in agricultural systems could harm the organism of Bombus atratus. Therefore, the study analyzed the effects of sublethal concentrations of fipronil (1.5 μL L-1, 2.5 μL L-1, and 3.5 μL L-1) on the cells of the hepatonephrocytic system (HNS) of B. atratus, using biomarkers. Therefore, morphological, morphometric, genotoxic, fluorescence histochemical, and histochemical analyses of trophocytes, oenocytes, and pericardial cells were performed. The results indicated that the analyzed fipronil concentrations damaged the analyzed cell groups of the SHN of B. atratus, with milder effects in the treatment of 1.5 μL L-1and accentuated exposures to 2.5 μL L-1 and 3.5 μL L-1. Exposures to 2.5 μL L-1 and 3.5 μL L-1 caused damage of similar intensity to the SHN cells of B. atratus. Morphological analysis of the trophocytes indicated loss of the branched nuclear shape at all analyzed concentrations, while exposures to 2.5 μL L-1 and 3.5 μL L-1 caused cytoplasmic vacuolization and chromatin compaction. Oenocytes showed chromatin compaction at all concentrations analyzed. Pericardial cells showed cytoplasmic vacuolation, were observed in stages II and III of activation, and showed chromatin compaction at all concentrations analyzed. Morphometric analysis indicated a decrease in the cell area of trophocytes and oenocytes in the groups exposed to 2.5 μL L-1 and 3.5 μL L-1 (P < 0.0001), while pericardial cells showed an increase in cell area at all exposures analyzed (P < 0.0001) due to pinocytic activity of the hemolymph and vacuolation of the cytoplasm. Genotoxic analysis indicated that all concentrations analyzed damaged the genetic material of the cells, with greater intensity in relation to exposures to 2.5 μL L-1 and 3.5 μL L-1 (P < 0.0001). Fluorescence histochemical analysis indicated that exposure to 2.5 μL L-1 and 3.5 μL L-1 caused chromatin fragmentation in all cell groups analyzed, as indicated by the observed red nuclei. Histochemical analyses indicated that protein content decreased in trophocytes and pericardial cells, while remaining unchanged in oenocytes, at all concentrations analyzed. Glycogen and triglyceride contents remained unchanged in all treatments and cell groups analyzed. The results indicated that fipronil's action impaired the mobilization of molecules, impairing the energy metabolism of bees in the exposed groups. The study concluded that the effects of sublethal fipronil concentrations found in the field harmed HNS cells and the B. atratus organism.
Metadado de gênero em registros de autoridade: proposta de diretrizes e enriquecimento semântico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-15)
Mendonça, Ana Carolina Novaes de
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Arakaki, Ana Carolina Simionato
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9896600626524397
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9826682103593479
The presence of gender metadata in authority records has become an emerging topic in the field of Information Science, especially in light of the growing demand for more inclusive, interoperable, and identity-aware systems of information and knowledge organization. In a context marked by the transformation of cataloging practices, driven by conceptual models, advances in Information and Communication Technologies, and the adoption of structured metadata standards, there arises a need to rethink how attributes such as gender are represented in bibliographic catalogs. This research aimed to analyze the presence and treatment of gender metadata in authority records maintained by national libraries, proposing guidelines and strategies based on semantic enrichment to enhance the quality of this representation in information systems. It is a qualitative investigation, with a descriptive and exploratory approach, based on bibliographic review, documentary analysis, and direct observation of public catalogs. Thirteen national libraries were analyzed, selected for their adoption of different metadata standards, in order to identify the fields used to represent gender, the values assigned, the controlled vocabularies employed, as well as the eventual linkage to external identifiers such as Wikidata and VIAF. The study also examined institutional guidelines, technical documents, and public policies related to the inclusion of gender metadata, when available. The results indicate that although metadata standards already provide specific fields for recording gender, their application remains limited, predominantly binary, and lacking standardization across the institutions analyzed. A lack of clear institutional policies for the use of these fields was observed, as well as a predominance of descriptive practices that overlook self-identification and the fluidity of gender identities. On the other hand, positive practices were identified, including the use of diversity-aware controlled vocabularies, linking to external URIs, and records aligned with open ontologies. It is concluded that the qualification of gender metadata in authority records, through the use of linked data technologies and semantic enrichment, can enhance the expressiveness, interoperability, and informational justice of bibliographic catalogs. The adoption of technical and ethical guidelines for such representation is essential to ensure the visibility of women authors, trans and non-binary individuals, and other identities frequently underrepresented in traditional systems. The research thus highlights the importance of normative and political advances to foster diversity and equity in informational environments.
Uma Torre e um Farol nas terras do Horror: "Silvestre" (2019), de Wagner Willian, como centro autoral e a editora Darkside® Books como horizonte de produção literária especializada
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-04-16)
Messias, José Victor
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Salgado, Luciana Salazar
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5206927424265495
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0627593955136715
What a book can tell about its publishing house? “Silvestre” (2019), from Wagner Willian, is presented in the Darkside® Books’ publisher site after a brief explanation about “Walden ou A vida nos Bosques” (1894), from Henry David Thoreau. In what kind of data it can transforms to? In this research, the winner comics of Prêmio Jabutis’ in it’s 2020 edition is taken as a medium (Debray 2002), a discursive device that shows itself as the means of contact between a conceptual dimension and the possibilities of its material incarnation. This research, made from Grupo de Pesquisa Comunica – Inscrições Linguísticas na Comunicação (UFSCar/CEFET-MG, CNPq) deploypments is part of a trajectory dedicated to study discursively the incarnations of social anxyeties in technical objects (Simondon, 2018), through the aproach of the discursive-mediology, based in the literary discurse (Mainguenau, 2018). Futhermore, this trajectory is also embased on J. Halberstam’s deployments in “Skin shows: gothic horror and the technology of monsters” (1995), and follows an advance in the author’s theory by proposing that, from a visual materialization, in addition to its constitution through words, the monster is also, in itself, an editorial object (Salgado, 2020), therefore its technology as a narrative synthesis can be a way of accessing the discourses mobilized by the work and it’s literary value, also through the materiality that conveys it – the monster is the work and vice versa (Messias, 2023). Through the discursive-mediological methodology, the diachronic and synchronic dimensions will be analyzed as carriers of ideas in the materialities of the Wagner Willian’s (2019) comic and how it connects itself to the work of Henry David Thoureau (1854), and how it represents the Darkside® Books universe. Therefore, develops in this research an analysis about “Silvestre” (2019) to lecture about its status as a Darkside® Books’ medium and how it constitutes its literary value trhough a valuation system based on literary pratices.