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Microencapsulação de KNO₃ com amido de milho nativo e modificado por atomização
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-03)
Jesus, Isabella Mikules de
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Santos, Rodrigo Ragazzi dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0570139033358988
;
https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0814-7259
;
Faez, Roselena
The continuous growth of the global population has demanded increased food production, leading to the excessive use of fertilizers and worsening environmental damage. A promising way to mitigate these impacts is the use of enhanced efficiency fertilizers (EEFs), which consist of nutrients encapsulated in polymeric, ceramic, or composite matrices that control the release of nutrients into the soil. In this study, corn starch (modified or not) was evaluated as a matrix for encapsulating nutrients (K and N in the form of KNO₃) using the spray drying technique. The variation in the equimolar ratio of the encapsulated salts was analyzed, and in the case of amphoteric starch (with both positive and negative charges), its net charge and the degree of substitution of the cationic (3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride) and anionic (phosphate) functional groups were determined. Before spray drying, citric acid was directly added to the starch/KNO₃ solution, allowing for the formation of microcapsules with and without crosslinking. This approach aimed to promote in situ crosslinking of the biopolymers, with the goal of delaying nutrient release and enhancing the structural resistance of the microcapsules. Additionally, swelling tests were conducted to assess the effects of crosslinking on the physicochemical properties of the materials. The results indicated that crosslinked corn starch showed greater resistance to solubility and better control of nutrient release, proving more effective in simulated agricultural applications. In contrast, amphoteric starch was less efficient due to its high solubility in water, which compromised its controlled release capacity. Besides, the study proposes a pedagogical approach for high school education, based on the theme “The Chemistry of Fertilizers: Environmental Impacts and Polymer-Based Solutions,” using the STS (Science, Technology, and Society) perspective as a didactic resource.
Avaliação do impacto da amostragem, proporção massa/solvente e equipamento de extração na análise de pesticidas em alimentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-03)
José, Wesley Felipe de Paula
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Fadini, Pedro Sérgio
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lattes.cnpq.br/3255060531838427
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6896958965365140
This study aimed to investigate the applicability of miniaturization of conventional analytical methods for the analysis of pesticide residues in foods. With the growing demand for faster, more cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable analytical methods, there is a need to improve the procedures used for pesticide residue analysis. In classical methods employed by the agrochemical industry and private laboratories, the use of advanced instrumental techniques for separation, detection, and quantification of analytes contrasts with the tedious, time consuming and manual methods used for sample preparation, which can delay and increase the cost of the entire analytical process. Therefore, this research project investigated how different variables employed during the extraction of pesticide residues in foods can influence the levels of residues found in these samples, with the aim of automating the analytical methods. For this purpose, results of six active ingredients (mefentrifluconazole, pyraclostrobin, fluxapyroxad, teflubenzuron, boscalid, and dimoxystrobin) were evaluated in four different matrices (tomato, citrus, cotton, and rice). A full factorial design (23) was utilized, considering the extraction techniques (Ultra Turrax and vortex mixer), sample mass (0.20 g and 2.50 g), and mass/sample volume ratio (1:8 and 1:20). The results obtained indicated that, even with small sample masses, comparable standard deviations were achieved compared to conventional methods. Furthermore, the mass/sample volume ratio showed low significance in the variation of results for the tested levels. Although some variables, such as sample mass and equipment, presented significant effects, these effects were within the expected variability for pesticide analyses. Additional experiments were performed to validate the applicability of miniaturization and automation of the analytical methods.
Agrupamento profundo de grafos usando redes neurais de grafos e seleção de sementes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-04)
Lopes Filho, Carlos Pereira
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Valejo, Alan Demétrius Baria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9546164790189830
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9046-9499
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4073822253624796
Clustering plays a fundamental role in attributed graphs, which incorporate both topological structure and node attributes represented as feature vectors. Deep clustering methods based on Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have proven effective in extracting patterns from such data. Most existing approaches use a traditional clustering algorithm to identify representative elements, which are later employed in the training of the GNN and the clustering task. However, when selecting representative elements, these clustering algorithms consider only the feature vector of each instance, neglecting topological information. This limitation negatively impacts the GNN learning process. To address this issue, we propose Deep Graph Clustering via Graph Neural Network and Seed Selection (DGCSS), a model consisting of three modules: (1) the seed selection module, which iden- tifies representative nodes; (2) the embedding module, which employs a graph attentional network to capture global topological information; and (3) the self-supervised module, which leverages the representative nodes to guide the clustering task. An advantage of our algorithm is that it integrates both the topological structure and node attributes across all modules to identify representative elements. This is the first GNN-based clustering algorithm that incorporates seed selection, establishing a significant reference for future research. The empirical analysis of real world graphs provides evidence that the use of seeds is competitive when compared to traditional algorithms, such as K-Means combined with GNNs.
Dimensionamento da pasteurização para a obtenção de um caldo de cana destinado à produção de frozen de cana: um estudo de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-04)
Oka, Yasmin Naomi Gushiken
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Neves, Isabelle Cristina Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3479449098249392
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Furtado, Guilherme de Figueiredo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6217162662863550
Sugarcane juice, also known as "garapa," is a traditional beverage widely consumed in Brazil, especially at open-air markets, and is obtained by extracting the liquid from sugarcane stalks. Aiming to diversify its consumption, a startup developed the concept of frozen sugarcane juice, in which the freshly extracted juice is immediately frozen to extend its shelf life. However, this process does not fully ensure the product’s quality and safety, and it requires thawing before being processed in the frozen beverage equipment. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of applying pasteurization as an alternative to freezing, allowing shelf life extension, while maintaining microbiological safety and improving process efficiency. To achieve this, a fictional heat exchanger was designed and dimensioned for the pasteurization of raw sugarcane juice, using thermodynamic calculations and physical-chemical parameters. The proposed plate heat exchanger demonstrated thermal efficiencies ranging from 77% to 81%, values consistent with technical references. It is concluded that the adoption of pasteurization, supported by the use of plate heat exchangers, presents a promising alternative for the sugarcane juice processing industry, offering benefits in both food safety and operational cost reduction.
Desenvolvimento e avaliação de um programa de habilidades cognitivas e emocionais para promoção do equilíbrio trabalho-vida pessoal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-04)
Santos, Gabriela Trombeta
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Barham, Elizabeth Joan
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9868595523538592
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7270-4918
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5875147172625110
Many workers struggle to conciliate paid work demands with the rest of their lives, leading to negative effects on their health and well-being. However, there are few studies evaluating the effectiveness of intervention programs to improve work-life balance, which makes it difficult for professionals, organizations and public policy makers to implement evidence-based interventions. The aims of this research were to: (a) develop an intervention program on work-life balance – "Caminho do Equilíbrio Trabalho-Vida", for use via a cell phone app, and (b) evaluate the usability, acceptability, and effects of this program. The program involves a sequential learning experience covering: (a) self-monitoring, (b) psychoeducation on topics related to balancing work and personal life demands, (c) activities to increase specific cognitive and emotional skills through mindfulness training, and (d) written activities to stimulate the analysis and development of plans for improving the fit between work and personal life involvements. First, the process of developing the program and the cell phone app is presented, including a systematic literature review on the effects of mindfulness programs on work-life balance. Second, the process of evaluating this program is described, based on two pilot studies and a randomized controlled trial (RCT). The RCT was conducted with 474 Brazilian workers over the age of 18, with access to Android or iOS cell phones. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention group (who received the program via the app) or the control group. Although retention rates were low in both groups, there were statistically significant effects indicating gains, with moderate to large effect sizes, for the group using the app, compared to the control group. These gains included increases in: mindfulness (p < 0.001, d = 1.07), satisfaction with work-life balance (p < 0.001, d = 0.94), psychological detachment from work during off-work hours (p = 0.014, rb = 0.32), satisfaction with activities for relaxation (p = 0.003, rb = 0.38), satisfaction with work productivity (p = 0.002, d = 0.72), and levels of well-being (p = 0.019, d = 0.69), as well as a significant reduction of work-to-life interference (p < 0.001, d = 0.95). No significant differences were found between the groups concerning their perceptions of life-to-work interference or of the benefits of combining work-life involvements. Six weeks after completing the program, findings for the app group were still significantly better than on the pre-test, indicating that program benefits were maintained. The main contributions of this research include: (a) an analysis of the literature on the effectiveness of mindfulness-based programs for work-life balance, and the development of a model of the relationship between mindfulness and perceptions of balance, important to support the work of professionals in this area, (b) a methodological contribution involving the creation of a mindfulness program integrated with issues of work-life balance, and (c) the evaluation of the effects of this program, indicating its potential to promote the well-being of Brazilian workers.
Análise de fotocondução e efeito de memória resistiva em filmes finos de ZnO dopados com sódio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-04)
Magalhães, Bruno Trefilio
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Godoy, Marcio Peron Franco de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2609654784637427
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8376-8642
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7547498992247322
With the increasing use of computational resources in everyday life, the continuous search for materials that can lead to advances in electronic devices and computing in general is necessary, whether in terms of computational or energy efficiency. In particular, zinc oxide (ZnO) presents favorable properties for applications in both photonics and the development of memristors. The investigation of the operating and performance characteristics of materials with memristive properties can improve the way we store information, and new computational architectures can be established, such as neuromorphic computing. In this work, the photoconduction characteristics and the memristive effect under the influence of ultraviolet light and different atmospheres on a thin film of 𝑍𝑛𝑂 doped with sodium (ZnO:Na) are investigated. The photoconductivity of the film was evaluated in several atmospheres - argon, synthetic air, free atmosphere, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and vacuum - as well as the role of different light stimuli in photoconduction. In the absence of oxygen, the persistence of photoconductivity (PPC) phenomenon is observed more intensely in vacuum and carbon dioxide, with half-lives longer than one hour. The presence of oxygen is destructive to the conductivity of the film, impairing the retention of long-term memory (LTM). For the memristive effect, voltage versus current scans (I-V scans) were performed on the sample immersed in dry atmospheres (synthetic air and carbon dioxide) and in a free atmosphere. Lighting enhances the memristive effect, as seen in the larger internal areas when illuminated: 219𝜇A in synthetic air, 147𝜇A in a free atmosphere and 17𝜇A in carbon dioxide, compared to initial areas of around 0.1𝜇A. The memristive characteristics of the film are not altered by lighting but by the atmosphere, reinforcing that memristance is a surface effect.
Impacto na eficiência energética em sistemas de irrigação sem manutenção: estudo de caso
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-05)
Breda, Júlio César da Silva
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Gonçalves, Amilcar Flamarion Querubini
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1742343294433199
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0280-9711
The pursuit of energy efficiency is essential in agriculture, as electricity represents one of the sector’s main inputs. This study analyzes the impact of the lack of maintenance on the energy efficiency of irrigation systems using water pumping. The research is based on a case study conducted on a farm, where data were collected on energy consumption, hydraulic performance, and system losses. The methodology involved measurements of current, voltage, and pressure, as well as calculations using the Hazen-Williams equation and the pump performance curve. The results showed that the lack of maintenance leads to a significant increase in energy consumption and a reduction in system efficiency. After a partial intervention, an improvement in pump performance and a decrease in operational costs were observed. It is concluded that preventive maintenance is essential to ensure energy efficiency and reduce waste in the agricultural sector.
Detecção de mudança de distribuição em dados sequenciais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-06)
Andrade, Douglas Decicino de
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Salasar, Luis Ernesto Bueno
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5464564215528609
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9907530689329781
This work aims to study the performance of the conformal method for distribution change detection (dataset shift) in sequential data, where observations are obtained sequentially over time. In particular, we consider cases where the observations are univariate, multivariate, and provided in batches (datasets) in predictive contexts. The conformal method generates p-values at each time step, which provide evidence regarding a potential change in the data distribution. Unlike classical approaches, such as the Cumulative Sum Control Chart (CUSUM), Shirayev-Roberts, and Posterior Probability methods, the conformal method does not rely on parametric assumptions about the data distribution before and after the change occurs. The conformal method was applied using different nonconformity measures proposed in this work, including those based on Kullback-Leibler divergence and various distances in Euclidean spaces constructed through statistical depth measures. The effectiveness of this approach for detecting distributional changes was evaluated in different empirical studies by measuring the average detection delay and the proportion of false alarms. It is expected that this research can contribute to the application of this method in the online monitoring of machine learning models in dynamic environments, allowing the identification of the appropriate time to recalibrate or retrain algorithms in a more reliable manner.
Estudo experimental da microrretificação de canais em Quartzo-α
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-06)
Monteiro, Mateus Oliveira
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Araujo, Luis Antonio Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3639906702064630
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8545885207004297
Single crystals, such as quartz (SiO₂), exhibit attractive mechanical properties, including a regular atomic arrangement, dimensional stability at high temperatures, and low mass, making them relevant in applications such as sensors and electronic resonators. This study focuses on the microgrinding of α-quartz on the AT-cut plane, aiming to evaluate the feasibility of applying this process to hard and brittle materials, in comparison to the abrasive disc process. A microgrinding tool with a 1.2 mm diameter and abrasive grit with an average equivalent diameter of 30 μm was used to analyze the effect of varying machining parameters — depth of cut, feed per revolution, and tool rotation — on the quality of the machined surface. The volume removed per revolution (VRR), based on the abrasive disc work by Araújo (2015), served as a reference to ensure technological comparability between processes by assessing the average size of surface defects. A total of 18 experiments were conducted using KG Sorensen FG 1093FF microgrinding tools under different conditions, aiming to evaluate the formation of critical damage (chipping) through optical microscopy, in addition to investigating the potential influence of pocket clogging in the tool, which affects the quartz removal mechanism. The results indicated that although the microgrinding tool is more sensitive to variations in VRR, with a sharper increase in surface defects, it offers significant advantages in precision machining contexts. Its geometry allows for complex shape machining, overcoming the limitations of abrasive disc cutting. The microgrinding tool proved particularly effective at a cutting depth of 0.1 mm and feed rates of 0.0001290; 0.000042; and 0.000025 mm/rev, where no significant impact on the removal mechanism or cutting performance was observed. It is concluded that, despite challenges such as pronounced tool wear and material accumulation in the tool pockets, the microgrinding process holds potential for the manufacturing of miniaturized components and is promising for applications where precision and geometric complexity are essential.
O patrimônio cultural e a legislação municipal: estudo de caso de Ribeirão Preto (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-06)
Lucatelli, Luis Gustavo
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Melo, Rose Elaine Borges de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8602449876992473
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https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3905-1153
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Miyasaka, Elza Luli
This study takes the urban functions of Ribeirão Preto (São Paulo, Brazil) as its backdrop, analyzed through the interaction between two of its structuring elements: municipal legislation and cultural heritage. Legal norms, expressed through laws and decrees, serve to define and regulate cities, as well as to protect cultural heritage, whose concept is not static but rather a constantly evolving field, shaped by symbolic, political, and economic disputes. These tensions reflect urban and social dynamics, highlighting cultural heritage as a space of negotiation between collective memory and territorial transformation interests. The aim of this research is, therefore, to understand how municipal legislation has been applied in the protection of cultural heritage in the city, through a case study. To this end, regulations from the three levels of government were examined, with particular attention to local legislation, and officially protected built heritage assets were systematized. The relevance of this study lies in understanding how municipal law can serve as a tool for the preservation and valorization of cultural heritage amid processes of urban transformation. By investigating how municipal legislation incorporates cultural heritage, the research contributes to academic and technical discussions by offering reflections on policy-making in local contexts—emphasizing, in this way, the importance of urban planning integrated with cultural preservation. The methodology adopted combined three approaches: a literature review on cultural heritage, urbanism, and public policy; documentary analysis of federal, state, and municipal legislation of Ribeirão Preto, with the latter organized according to administrative periods up to 2025; and a survey based on data from CONPPAC-RP. Consultations were also conducted with agents involved in heritage management, expanding the understanding of the concrete application of political instruments. Finally, the protected assets were georeferenced using QGIS, enabling the visualization of how these policies are territorially distributed. The results point to progress in protection actions, with growing recognition of both tangible and intangible heritage and the incorporation of guidelines from the 1988 Constitution and the City Statute. However, challenges remain, such as institutional fragmentation, weak coordination among involved agencies, and limited public participation. These factors undermine the effectiveness of preservation policies. The study concludes that an integrated approach—sensitive to local specificities and focused on valuing urban memory—is essential to strengthening heritage protection in the face of development dynamics.
Bases legais para a atuação da fisioterapia do trabalho no Brasil: um estudo qualitativo documental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-06)
Duque, Nathália Gongora
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Sato, Tatiana de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3456494998257229
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8797-8981
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5049212086405783
Occupational Physiotherapy has been a specialty of Physiotherapy since 2008 in Brazil. However, there are major challenges for the social recognition of this Physiotherapy specialty. The aim of this study was to systematize the legal basis about the role of Occupational Physiotherapists in Brazil and to build a timeline with the documentary landmarks of this Physiotherapy specialty. This documentary study was carried out by searches in SciELO, Pubmed/Medline and Google Scholar databases. Data analysis was carried out through descriptive analysis. Eighteen (18) scientific articles published between 2008 and 2023 were included. The legal basis for occupational physiotherapists is mainly based on the resolutions of the federal councils, regulatory standards, laws and ordinances of the Ministries of Health and Labor and Employment. The timeline revealed the importance of associations and academic and clinical professionals in defining the role of Occupational Physiotherapy. The legal documents demonstrated the evolution of Occupational Physiotherapy specialty and the strengthening of the area through the actions of associations, class councils and professionals.
Design, fabrication and characterization of Fe-based bulk metallic glass composites by additive manufacturing
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-09)
Araújo, Aylanna Priscila Marques de
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Gargarella, Piter
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4641435644243916
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4445-5819
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1742937906045551
Bulk Metallic Glasses (BMGs) possess unique properties such as high strength, large elastic limits, excellent magnetic behavior, and corrosion resistance, primarily due to their disordered atomic structure. However, their limited ductility at room temperature, caused by nonhomogeneous deformation, restricts widespread use. To overcome this, Bulk Metallic Glass Composites (BMGCs), which incorporate a ductile second phase into a glassy matrix, offer enhanced ductility while retaining strength. Among BMGs, Fe-based alloys are particularly attractive due to their favorable magnetic, mechanical, and corrosion-resistant properties and low cost. Yet, their poor glass-forming ability (GFA) and need for rapid cooling rates limit practical applications and component size and geometry. This study explores the feasibility of using Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF), an additive manufacturing method offering high cooling rates (103-106 K/s), to fabricate Fe-based BMGCs in the Fe-Mo-P-C-B system. Six alloy compositions were designed through theoretical modeling and synthesized via arc melting. The most promising alloys, selected through microstructural and mechanical evaluation, were scaled up using Vacuum Induction Melting (VIM) and then gas atomized to produce powders suitable for LPBF. The atomized powders were processed by LPBF under various parameters to produce dense samples with retained glassy phase. While process optimization reduced defects (cracks and pores down to 1%) and achieved glassy phase fractions up to 24%, these conditions were not simultaneously met. The microstructure included ultrafine bcc Fe-Mo-C grains in the melt pool and mixed crystalline phases in the heat-affected zone. Compression tests showed no plastic deformation, but the LPBF samples demonstrated excellent wear resistance, combining low coefficients of friction and wear rates. Overall, the study reveals the trade-off between high density and glass formation in LPBF-fabricated Fe-based BMGCs, highlighting both the potential and the challenges of using additive manufacturing for producing such advanced materials.
A repercussão do vitiligo no cotidiano: uma questão para a terapia ocupacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-09)
Garbuio, Lívia Martins
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Aguiar, Laysla Demonari
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6759395773791257
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0691-8739
;
Marcolino, Taís Quevedo
Vitiligo is a chronic, acquired, and generally progressive systemic disease characterized by the appearance of achromic spots on areas of the skin due to the absence of melanin. Although vitiligo does not cause physical disability, it can have a significant psychosocial impact. Considering that emotional and mental health aspects have an impact on people's daily lives, occupational therapy can be presented as a comprehensive care approach for the person. Although occupational therapy is a common therapeutic proposal for several chronic health conditions, there are few studies that directly address the care of people with chronic dermatological problems, such as vitiligo. This is an exploratory and descriptive research, with a case study approach, involving qualitative and qualitative methodology. People with vitiligo who are undergoing occupational therapy treatment or who have been undergoing treatment were invited to participate via social media. One person actually participated. Data were produced through a characterization questionnaire, a semi-structured interview, and the application of two instruments of social participation and quality of life. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively, and qualitative data were analyzed thematically. The results of this research showed that living with vitiligo has repercussions on daily life, limiting the performance of activities in which the spots are visible, and triggering coping strategies that minimize the effects of stigma. Given the diverse impacts of living with vitiligo on daily life, occupational therapy can be considered a care strategy with the potential to promote greater integration between who the person with vitiligo is and their potential to perform activities and participate socially, in addition to facing the stigmas of the disease. Thus, this study opens new questions for research that seeks to understand the effects of vitiligo on daily activities, as well as on specific care strategies in our field.
Seleção de modelos de associação RC utilizando reversible jump MCMC
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-09)
Ferreira, Flávio Fagundes
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Milan, Luis Aparecido
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7435391829973844
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6466-7865
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4467235193229795
The RC (Rows and Columns) association model of order K applied in contingency table analysis provides the values of the parameter estimates that evaluate the degree of association between the categories of the variables arranged in rows and columns of the table. We propose a new methodology for estimating the order K of the association model using Bayesian inference and reversible jump by MCMC (RJMCMC). In the graphics, we illustrated the groupings through credible intervals to confirm the results obtained by RJMCMC. We applied the proposed methodology to simulated data to validate the method and also to data from previous studies for comparison purposes, and the results were convergent. We subsequently we applied the proposed methodology to three real databases to assess the performance of Enem 2023 participants in the language, mathematics and writing tests according to their father’s and mother’s education. We conclude that there is an association between some categories performance and education. There is a graphical indication of grouping of rows and columns both in the results with simulated data and in the results of the comparative study.
Entre saberes e discursos: percepções de graduandos sobre a crise climática e educação ambiental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-10)
Bernardes, Giovana
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Santos, Mariana dos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3185238960982642
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1834-5467
This study investigates the perceptions of undergraduate and recently graduated students from the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) regarding the climate crisis and Environmental Education, analyzing how these themes are addressed in their academic training and their impact on awareness and professional engagement. The research aimed to understand the tensions between development, social justice, and sustainability from the students’ perspective, through semi-structured interviews with 10 participants from different programs (including both environmental and non-environmental fields). Employing Discursive Textual Analysis (DTA) methodology, meaning units were constructed to better represent the ideas shared by participants, which were crucial for the subsequent elaboration of a metatext. Data analysis revealed that, although there is an awareness of the seriousness of the climate crisis, feelings of hopelessness and powerlessness predominate, exacerbated by the perception of political inaction and the difficulty of envisioning effective solutions in the current context. Eco-anxiety—a psychological distress generated by environmental degradation—emerged as a relevant phenomenon, even if rarely explicitly named by the interviewees. Regarding academic training, the findings point to an insufficient approach to Environmental Education within curricula, even in programs directly related to the field, where participants highlighted the importance of integrating the theme transversally, connecting it to their professional and social realities. The study concludes that, although there is recognition of the urgency of the climate crisis, a gap persists between awareness and practical action, both at individual and institutional levels. The university, as a space for critical education, holds the potential to foster change but must rethink its curriculum to address the socio-environmental challenges of the 21st century. For future studies, a more in-depth analysis of curriculum greening and the impacts of eco-anxiety on collective mobilization is recommended.
Tratamento ácido na fermentação etanólica: efeito sobre a viabilidade e vitalidade de linhagens industriais de Saccharomyces cerevisiae
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-10)
Jesus, Gabriel Scanavachi de
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Ceccato-Antonini, Sandra Regina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7600793543184032
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7227397272783828
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Ceccato-Antonini, Sandra Regina
The control of contaminant microorganisms in Brazilian sugar-ethanol industries frequently involves the use of sulfuric acid, which, when applied at the end of each fermentation cycle, not only controls contaminant bacteria but also promotes deflocculation of the yeast, contributing to ethanol production efficiency. Few studies have investigated the effect of acid treatment on the yeasts responsible for the fermentative process, particularly regarding viability — understood as the proportion of living cells capable of reproduction — and vitality — defined as the functional and physiological capacity of cells to carry out metabolic activities. In this study, we evaluated the effect of sulfuric acid treatment (pH 2.5; 2 h) on the viability and vitality of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, using the industrial strains PE-2 and CAT-1 in fed-batch fermentation with cell recycling, in sugarcane broth, over six fermentation cycles. We analyzed CFU/mL, number of viable cells/mL (erythrosine staining), viability (%), budding (%), growth in liquid medium and counting of bud scars, as well as alcohol content (g/100 mL), final pH, residual total reducing sugars (g/100 mL) and yield (g ethanol/g total reducing sugars) after each cycle of cell treatment. A control fermentation without acid treatment was also conducted, using water in place of the acid. In the PE-2 strain, acid treatment significantly affected viability (%), budding (%), specific growth rate (μmax, h⁻¹) and change in absorbance. However, fermentative yield was not compromised by the acid treatment, suggesting an adaptive profile capable of sustaining fermentative capacity; in contrast, the CAT-1 strain showed greater sensitivity to acid stress, with effects on budding (%), alcohol content (g/100 mL) and sugar consumption (g/100 mL). The increase in budding occurred concomitantly with accumulation of residual sugars and reduction in yield, indicating a prioritization of survival and cell division at the expense of fermentative efficiency. Moreover, analysis of bud scars revealed evidence of selection for metabolically active cells accompanied by death of young cells, a behavior that did not vary markedly between strains or treatments. Taken together, these results indicate that, although the CAT-1 strain persists across cycles, it exhibits a lower fermentative yield than PE-2 in the presence of acid treatment, probably due to lower tolerance to the acid treatment and a stronger mobilization of growth strategies to maintain cell viability during fermentation.
Ataques a escolas no Brasil: diagnósticos e propostas de enfrentamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-10)
Feltrin, Lucas Henrique Diniz
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Sinhoretto, Jacqueline
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/7743699562476490
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8718-779X
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/4414558846623060
As reports of attacks on schools increased in Brazil, this study analyzed how this category came to constitute a distinct form of violence, distinguishing it from other types of violence recorded in school settings. To this end, an analytical model was developed focusing on the actions of the perpetrators of these events, organized into three stages: preparation, act (performance), and outcome. The results indicate that the increase in reports stems not only from a rise in similar incidents but also from the broadening of the meanings attributed to “attacks,” a shift that has reshaped historical trends and the landscape of lethal violence in the country’s schools. Based on this finding, the study examines the “invention” of this category and its mobilization in proposals for addressing violence and controlling crime in schools.
Produção de conteúdos audiovisuais na formação inicial de professoras/es que ensinam Matemática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-11)
Miranda, Rebeca Souza de
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Ciríaco, Klinger Teodoro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2947929641568853
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1694-851X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3281211267730492
In this master's dissertation, we present the development of a research project linked to the Graduate Program in Education (PPGE) at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), within the research line "School Education: Theories and Practices". Based on experiences involving the production of audiovisual content in the Pedagogy course, the study aimed to analyze the potential contributions to teacher education, specifically in the teaching of mathematical content, through the appropriation of technological resources. The general objective was to analyze evidence of learning among undergraduate Pedagogy students (UFSCar) regarding their appropriation of technological resources, and to identify what applications/implications this appropriation may offer for initial teacher education within the context of the mandatory course "Mathematics: Content and Its Teaching". This was explored through an experience involving the production of audiovisual content (podcasts and videos) in the field of Mathematics Education for the early years of schooling. To this end, within a data production context based on a qualitative research approach of an analytical-descriptive nature, the study focused on experiences in two classes (morning and evening) of the aforementioned course, during the 6th semester (3rd year) of the second academic semester of 2023. The instructor of the course was also the advisor of this research. The proposal involved participant observation during in-person classes and specific guidance for subgroups to write scripts for recording mathematical videos and/or podcasts based on topics studied in class. This was followed by the initial production of content, feedback and final guidance, sharing of the materials on online platforms, and later class presentations, which allowed for reflection on the process and its effects on student teacher education. The data analysis indicates the importance of incorporating creative and original proposals using digital technologies into teacher education curricula — not in a reductionist manner, but rather as a means to foster spaces for experimentation and the construction of teaching knowledge. The production of these resources enabled an expansion of future teachers’ repertoires, allowing them to recognize the feasibility of replicating similar practices in their own professional work.
Determinação da rigidez da ligação aparafusada do compósito madeira-concreto sob flexão: um estudo paramétrico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-11)
Rodrigues, Edson Fernando Castanheira
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Christoforo, André Luis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7623383075429186
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4066-080X
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5228803096015205
Timber-concrete composite (TCC) structures have been extensively investigated due to the advantages arising from its use. The combination of these two materials provides greater bending stiffness (concrete) and reduced self-weight (timber). A key property in determining the bending stiffness of this type of composite is the connection stiffness, which can be evaluated at the serviceability limit state (SLS) [Kser] and ultimate limit state (ULS) [Ku]. However, due to the complexity of its determination, few accurate estimation models are available. The estimation proposed by Eurocode 5 (2004) for screwed connections does not consider important parameters such as the timber’s elastic modulus and the screw embedment length in the timber. In order to enable a more reliable estimation of connection stiffness in beams with varying connection configurations, screw spacing, and span lengths, this study aimed to propose regression models that are more accurate than the Eurocode 5 (2004) predictions. To address this gap, a parametric numerical study was conducted using the Abaqus software, employing beam models instead of push-out specimens to reflect real structural behavior. The stiffness values were estimated as functions of timber elastic modulus (7,635 MPa and 13,800 MPa), screw diameter (8 mm and 16 mm), screw embedment length (80 mm and 160 mm), timber beam height (175 mm and 300 mm), screw spacing (250 mm and 500 mm), and beam span (2.8 m and 6.8 m), all varied at two levels, resulting in 64 simulations. The goal was to increase the safety and efficiency of stiffness prediction in this structural typology. Results indicated that connection stiffness correlates better with the beam failure load in bending than with the connection's capacity itself. The most influential parameter was the timber’s elastic modulus, followed by screw diameter, embedment length, beam span, span-to-height ratio, and span-to-screw spacing ratio. For Ku,60%, the beam height also proved to be significant. However, screw spacing (for both Kser and Ku,60%) and beam height (for Kser) were not individually significant. The developed regression equations for Kser and Ku,60% yielded R-squared values of 0.842 and 0.91 and Pearson correlation coefficients of 0.92 and 0.954, respectively. ANOVA confirmed the statistical validity of these models. Compared to estimates from Eurocode 5 (2004) and Mirdad & Chui (2020a), the numerical simulations produced significantly more conservative stiffness values, with mean relative errors of 135.79% and 149.13% for Kser, and 131.92% and 147.29% for Ku,60%, respectively. Thus, it is recommended to use these regressions when the values range within the investigated parameters. For push-out tests, however, these equations are not applicable due to the significance of the span length and timber beam height parameters. The application of this equation is highly valuable for the design of TCC structures, as it enhances both the safety and accuracy of the stiffness prediction, as validated by the results.
Aspectos curriculares para o Ensino de Ciências na Educação de Pessoas Jovens e Adultas: uma revisão sistemática das produções científicas internacionais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-06-11)
Vicente, Nathália Elisa Ferreira
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Calzolari Neto, Anselmo João
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4906309581958797
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6703-9079
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1246521001603504
This study aims to identify and analyze curricular aspects highlighted in international scientific research addressing Science Education in the Youth and Adult Education (EPJA) modality. To achieve this objective, a Systematic Review was conducted in the ERIC and Web of Science databases, ultimately selecting articles that addressed Science Teacher Training in this modality. The analysis of the studies, conducted according to the Content Analysis methodology proposed by Bardin (2016), allowed the identification of three main categories: "Lifelong Learning," "Dialogic Education," and "Scientific and Technological Literacy." The results showed that quality teacher training, combined with specific curricula that are contextualized and integrated with the reality of students, constitutes an essential element for promoting emancipatory Scientific Literacy. The "Lifelong Learning" category highlighted the need for national certification and integration between basic, vocational, and youth and adult education, inspired by experiences such as Rural Education. The "Dialogic Education" category, based on the thinking of Paulo Freire, highlighted dialogue as a central strategy for promoting contextualized learning, socialization, and social transformation. The "Scientific and Technological Literacy" category emphasized the importance of digital literacy and the STEM/STEAM approach in developing critical skills and integrating socioscientific issues into the science curriculum. Gaps were identified in national literature on Science Education in the Adult and Young Adult (EPJA), especially regarding Teacher Training, reinforcing the need for inclusive and socially committed pedagogical practices. The conclusion is that the articulation of the principles of lifelong learning, dialogic education, and scientific and technological literacy represents a fundamental strategy for consolidating a high-quality, inclusive, and transformative EPJA (EPJA) education.