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Uma experiência de extensão: discurso, poesia e imagem, A Cidade Biodiversa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-04) Macedo, Débora Juliana Rodrigues de; Lopes, Luciano Elsinor; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6504793265492545; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5869-8972; Carvalho, Pedro Henrique Varoni de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0019513394358070; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1492-4891; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4312500626458907; https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1642-9308
This undergraduate thesis presents a critical and sensitive reflection on the relationship between urban biodiversity, art, and environmental education, through the design, implementation, and analysis of the ACIEPE (Integrated Activity of Teaching, Research, and Extension) titled “Cidade Bio Diversa,” developed within the scope of the citizen science project “Biofuturo na Cidade” at UFSCar. The proposal emerged from the desire to conclude the undergraduate journey by integrating teaching, research, and extension in alignment with questions about how we relate to biodiversity and how new connections between people and urban environments can be created. Guided by a transdisciplinary and decolonial perspective, the ACIEPE was designed as an extension discipline that employed artistic languages — haiku, photography, collage, and theater — as tools to provoke both epistemic and affective displacements in how we perceive and inhabit the city. The theoretical framework draws from authors such as Ailton Krenak, Geni Núñez, Michel Foucault, Gilles Deleuze, and Suely Rolnik, engaging with concepts such as the coloniality of knowledge, regimes of visibility, and art as a device of resistance. The methodology prioritized collaborative and horizontal construction of the pedagogical space, embracing participant diversity and promoting active listening, collective creation, and critical reflection. The analysis of the ACIEPE experience revealed the potential of artistic practices as educational tools capable of re-enchanting the everyday and reconfiguring discourses around urban biodiversity. Through artistic expressions, participants were able to share personal experiences and memories, activating affective sensibilities often suppressed by urban rationality. The interdisciplinary articulation of art, science, and politics fostered new ways of seeing, feeling, and narrating the world, contributing to the development of an ecological consciousness. More than an academic endeavor, the ACIEPE functioned as a transformative and collective experience, aimed at cultivating future imaginaries rooted in diversity, affection, and sustainability through care, creativity, and shared knowledge. This study argues that art, in dialogue with citizen science, can serve as an epistemic force in reimagining relationships between humans and non-humans in contemporary urban contexts.
Efeitos do behavior skills training em professores para implementação de tentativas discretas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-04) Batista, Suellen dos Santos; Postalli, Lidia Maria Marson; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2748282330028870; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7560-697X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2240448126313831; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2571-8696; Elias, Nassim Chamel; Freitas, Maria Clara de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4216525883778695; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6993887072345221
School inclusion is a complex social process that requires the training of education professionals. The Behavior Skills Training (BST) procedure has been used for skill training and the implementation of Discrete Trial Training (DTT) to promote skill acquisition. Considering that reading skills are fundamental repertoires to be developed in students, and that general education teachers must plan teaching conditions that promote the inclusion of students in special education target groups (PAEE), two studies were conducted. Study 1 aimed to conduct a systematic literature review on the use of BST to train professionals, caregivers, parents, and teachers in the implementation of DTT, seeking to identify the contexts in which this strategy has been applied and whether teacher training for academic skill instruction in school settings has been the focus of research. Searches were conducted in four databases using four keyword combinations, with no publication date restriction. Data were analyzed based on six categories: a) number/type of participants; b) number of participants who completed training; c) design and training procedure; d) DTT components trained; e) characteristics of BST implementation; and f) target behavior. Nine studies were selected for analysis. Most studies focused on training parents of children with developmental delays and professionals, primarily targeting motor imitation and instructional following repertoires. Four studies were related to the school context: one targeted writing and counting behaviors; one worked with special education teachers; and two were conducted in special education schools. The literature review indicated a lack of studies that have integratively investigated the use of BST to train teachers to teach academic skills in school settings. Study 2 aimed to evaluate the effects of BST on training three teachers from 1st and 2nd grade elementary school classrooms to implement three instructional programs—preference assessment, textual behavior, and dictated word-to-written word matching—using DTT. A multiple-probe across participants design was used to assess the effects of BST (independent variable) on teachers’ abilities to implement instructional programs using DTT (dependent variable). Data collection was conducted in eight phases: 1) participant recruitment; 2) participant interviews; 3) initial probe; 4) baseline; 5) BST training (instruction, video modeling, role-play, and feedback); 6) final probe; 7) maintenance probe; and 8) social validity assessment. Results showed that the BST intervention package was effective in teaching relevant skills related to preference assessment, textual behavior, and dictated-to-written word matching. It is concluded that BST is a procedure that can support teacher training, highlighting the importance of investing in research that investigates relevant variables in the continuing education of professionals in the field of education.
Problematizações sobre o movimento da criança na Educação Infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-04) Pereira, Bruna Fernanda; Lombardi, Lucia Maria Salgado dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5697508831302188; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6978-864X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4711442681451981; https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1965-694X
The present study aimed to problematize which institutional and pedagogical factors may contribute to the restriction of children's movement in Early Childhood Education, which may have consequences for their overall development, and understand the importance of playful movements and corporeality for children. To this end, a qualitative, bibliographical and exploratory research was carried out, reflecting on the experiences lived by the author during her supervised internship in Early Childhood Education. The study explores, based on Bourdieu's theoretical contributions, especially the concept of habitus, how the school, as a social institution, acts to regulate children's movements, shaping them socially. It also discusses how school culture restricts play and movement in its practices and experiences, contradicting the principles of Brazilian educational legislation, which recognizes playful movement as the main activity of children in Early Childhood Education for their development and learning in early childhood. The work seeks to emphasize the importance of movement in pedagogical practices, valuing children's bodily manifestations as language, learning and development throughout Early Childhood Education.
Avaliação de métodos de construção de grafos para classificação no aprendizado semi-supervisionado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-04) Porto, Artur Formigoni; Valejo, Alan Demétrius Baria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9546164790189830
Semi-supervised learning has gained relevance in classification tasks where only a fraction of the samples are labeled. In this context, graph-based methods have proven effective by leveraging the similarity structure among data points. This work investigates the impact of different graph construction strategies on the performance of label propagation, comparing four approaches: kNN (baseline), RGCLI, KAOG, and SNGC. The methods were evaluated on five datasets with varying proportions of labeled data and parameter settings. Results show that although the kNN method — which does not use supervision — achieved competitive performance in most scenarios, RGCLI stood out among the supervised methods, combining robustness with good generalization. It was also observed that the performance of the methods varies according to the complexity and structure of the datasets, with SNGC being more effective on high-dimensional data, and KAOG limited by its low connectivity. The statistical analysis confirmed significant differences between the methods across all evaluated metrics. These findings reinforce the importance of considering both data characteristics and graph construction strategies when choosing semi-supervised learning techniques.
Caracterização da dor e percepção dos cuidados em saúde em mulheres pretas e pardas brasileiras: estudo transversal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-04) Santos, Isabella Baptista dos; Souza, Marina Almeida de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3706513261355249; https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7962-8771; Driusso, Patricia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8898319491890063; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8067-9786; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0734979635334906
Introduction: Pain can be considered an indicator of suffering, signaling potential damage or injury to the human body, whether temporary or long-lasting. It encompasses acute discomfort, which acts as a warning mechanism, and chronic discomfort, which persists for long periods, often leading to irreversible consequences. Pain can result from biological and/or psychosocial factors, with chronic pain having detrimental effects on functionality and quality of life. Black and brown women in Brazil have socioeconomic vulnerabilities, which can exacerbate their pain experiences. Objective: This study aimed to determine the occurrence, location, and intensity of pain in Black and brown Brazilian women. Methods: This was a national, observational, cross-sectional study of Black and brown Brazilian women over the age of 18, using validated online questionnaires adapted to the Brazilian population, namely the Numerical Pain Scale (NPS) and the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). Data analysis: The data obtained were analyzed using Jamovi – Data Analysis Software. Descriptive analyses were used to characterize the study participants using means, standard deviations, and percentages. Results: According to the IBD, the highest prevalence of pain among the women in this study was in the head (59.3%), neck (36.6%), and thoracic spine (27.1%). The mean pain interference score was 2.4 (SD ± 2.1), the interference/impact score was 2.8 (SD ± 2.5), and the total score was 2.6 (SD ± 2.3). Regarding health care, 23.7% did not seek care for pain, and 43.7% reported that professionals only partially understood their complaints. Conclusion: The findings of this study reinforce the importance of strategies that promote equity in care, focusing on an intersectional approach and combating institutional racism, contributing to advances in health care for Black women in Brazil
Entendida, sapatão, lésbica: trajetórias de lésbicas 50+ em metrópoles do sudeste brasileiro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-04) Moreno, Carolina Serrati; Risk, Eduardo Name; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9006559297031800; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7290-2597; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8406069129648155; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9222-4102
The life trajectories of middle-aged and elderly lesbians present continuities in relation to the generation that preceded them and discontinuities/ruptures due to different social and historical conditions. Each generation of these women contains specific markers regarding discovery, visibility, and ways of experiencing sexuality. This study aims to understand the life trajectory of lesbians over 50 years old - adults and elderly women with life experience in metropolitan areas of the Southeast. This is qualitative research with a cross-sectional design using the life history technique. Seven women were interviewed who identified as lesbian women, from two age groups: (a) 50 to 55 years old and (b) 70 to 75 years old, consisting of 4 elderly and 3 adult women. The following instruments were applied: Sociodemographic questionnaire, Brazil Economic Classification Criteria (ABEP), Thematic guide - life history, and Analysis of photographs selected by the participants themselves as representative of their life trajectory. Data collection was conducted through in-person or remote interview sessions, with 2 to 4 meetings held with each participant. Participants were instructed to speak freely based on guiding questions about their life context and development throughout childhood, youth, maturity, and old age. The interviews were analyzed using Braun and Clarke's Reflexive Thematic Analysis framework, and 11 main themes were identified: (1) historical context and changes; (2) family influence; (3) romantic and sexual relationships with men as lesbians; (4) experiencing lesbophobic violence; (5) forms of freedom; (6) coming out of the closet; (7) sociability and support during life; (8) relating romantically and sexually with women; (9) mothering; (10) aging; and (11) lesbianities from lesbians. It was concluded that the life trajectories of lesbian women over 50 years old present generational continuities related to the importance of family relationships and religious influence, while discontinuities are manifested mainly in the ways of experiencing lesbianism, influenced by the historical context of each generation. The findings contribute to understanding the specificities of lesbian aging in the Brazilian context.
Ressonância Magnética Nuclear na análise de suco de laranja: importantes aplicações
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-04) Maia, Giovanna; Venâncio, Tiago; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4438399441102990; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6576045794341601; https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5411-792X
The Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technique has emerged as a powerful analytical tool in the food industry, especially in the characterization of natural juices, such as orange juice. This technique allows for fast, accurate, and non-destructive analyses, with the ability to provide detailed information on the chemical composition and metabolic profile of samples. This study aimed to survey the literature on the fundamentals of NMR and its application in the analysis of orange juice, focusing on the identification of sugars, flavonoids, and bioactive compounds. In addition, the use of NMR in the differentiation of samples based on geographic origin was explored through the analysis of specific metabolic profiles. The implications of this technique for quality control and verification of product authenticity were also discussed, since variations in chemical composition may indicate adulteration or changes in the production process. Through univariate and multivariate analyses of the obtained spectra, it was possible to develop robust models for origin discrimination, quantification of constituents and fraud detection, contributing significantly to traceability and standardization in the orange juice production chain.
Relação professor-aluno: os efeitos da afetividade na aprendizagem dos alunos dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-04) Silva, Julia Costa; Souza, Ana Paula Gestoso de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2662760426985944
This qualitative, literature-based research aimed to identify and analyze what academic publications from 2015 to 2025 reveal about the effects of the teacher-student relationship on the learning process in the early years of elementary education. Three scientific articles available in the CAPES and SciELO databases were selected based on thematic and temporal criteria. The analysis was guided by the theoretical contributions of Henri Wallon, Lev Vygotsky, and Paulo Freire, who recognize affectivity as a fundamental dimension of education. The findings indicate that positive affective bonds between teachers and students foster not only student engagement and motivation, but also improvements in classroom behavior and academic performance. The analyzed studies emphasize that active listening, mutual respect, and the recognition of the student as a subject contribute to building a more meaningful school environment, where learning is closely linked to emotional and social development. Furthermore, the presence of humanized relationships in school supports the development of cognitive, emotional, and social skills, highlighting the importance of empathetic and sensitive pedagogical mediation. The research also identified a significant limitation: the scarcity of studies directly addressing the teacher-student relationship in the early years of elementary school, particularly in the Brazilian context. This gap points to the need for further research aimed at deepening the understanding of this topic and proposing strategies to strengthen such relationships. It is concluded that affective bonds in school should be understood as a fundamental pillar for promoting a more welcoming, critical, and transformative education, committed to the holistic development of children.
Respostas subagudas de parâmetros hemodinâmicos de indivíduos com COVID-Longa submetidos a um teste cardiopulmonar de exercício
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-04) Angelotto, Fernanda Rico; Pereira, Guilherme Borges; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0159911069166581; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5295-6229; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9798426161992137; https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5904-3019
Exercise-induced stress is associated with physiological changes that begin at the onset of exercise and persist for some time after the session. Additionally, hemodynamic parameters can be influenced by inflammatory conditions such as COVID-19, which causes multisystemic symptoms for up to several months after infection. Therefore, this study investigated the hemodynamic response of patients with long COVID (LC) undergoing a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (CAAE: 68303823.5.0000.5504) and included 38 participants divided into four subgroups according to sex and LC history (LC-M; LC-F; CON-M; CON-F). The variables cardiac output (CO), augmentation index (AIx), pulse wave velocity (PWV), reflection coefficient, central systolic pressure (CSP), central pulse pressure (CPP), peripheral vascular resistance (PVR), and total vascular resistance (TVR) were collected at baseline; pre-test; 10, 30, 60 minutes and 24 hours after the test. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used, and statistically significant results were considered for p<0.05. Analyses were conducted using GraphPad Prism and R software. Differences were found for PWV, CO, AIx, CSP, CPP, PVR, and TVR exclusively between sexes, with no distinction between the CON and LC groups across different time intervals for the variables (p < 0.05), and all variables returned to pre-test levels within 24 hours. Thus, the findings suggest that the LC condition did not influence hemodynamic parameters, and the observed differences may be attributed to physiological variations between sexes.
Desenvolvimento e caracterização de nanocompósitos de Kefiran/Carboximetilcelulose/ZnO Nps para aplicações em embalagens de alimentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-04) Marques, Gleison Neres; Mascaro, Lucia Helena; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9130022476352844; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6908-1097; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7642930001637723; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6633-1839; Fakhouri, Farayde Matta; Pereira, Isabela Rosier Olimpio; Cruz, Sandra Andrea; Bernardi, Maria Ines Basso; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5929693866996351; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7017955316076234; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9632409046763256; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7998391975397420; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7031-3366; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4055-4310; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5548-0166; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7220-078X
Polysaccharides are polymers derived from natural and renewable sources, which can be utilized in various applications, including the packaging industry. Kefiran is one of these polymers that has gained prominence recently due to its antimicrobial properties. Several studies have sought to combine the intrinsic properties of kefiran with other biopolymers and oxide nanoparticles as an effective alternative for producing active food packaging. In this context, the present study investigates, in detail, the development of films and edible coatings based on kefiran, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) for food packaging applications. Kefiran was extracted and purified from kefir grains, and its purity and structural features were confirmed by proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H and ¹³C NMR), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). For the first time, kefiran exhibited significant antibiofilm activity against Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984, achieving eradication at 512 mg/L (p < 0.001). At the same time, ZnO NPs were synthesized via a microwave-assisted hydrothermal method and showed high crystallinity and distinct morphologies. These nanoparticles exhibited selective bactericidal activity against Gram-positive multidrug-resistant bacteria, primarily due to the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially hydroxyl radicals. Statistical analyses demonstrated that minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 256 and 512 mg/mL were effective in bacterial inhibition, highlighting the potential of ZnO NPs for functionalization in bio-based packaging systems. Subsequently, nanocomposite films were prepared by incorporating ZnO NPs into the kefiran/CMC matrix at different concentrations (5, 10, and 25% w/w), and their physicochemical, mechanical, structural, and functional properties were thoroughly evaluated. Characterization techniques, including Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Ultraviolet–Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, revealed significant morphological, structural, and optical changes resulting from the incorporation of ZnO NPs. The nanocomposites exhibited improved mechanical strength, UV-blocking capacity, and water vapor barrier properties. Additionally, the films demonstrated enhanced antimicrobial activity, particularly against Staphylococcus aureus, indicating their suitability for active food packaging applications.
Pandemia, adolescência e políticas sociais: processos de vulneração da vida e precarização do trabalho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-04) Tavares, Sabrina Maria Souza; Pessoa, Alex Sandro Gomes; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4333565964821090; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3015746411965837
The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic emerged within a context of structural crisis of capitalism in Brazil. Amid widespread dismantling of social policies and neglect regarding the containment and protection against the coronavirus, adolescents already living in conditions of vulnerability and rights violations became even more unprotected due to the implementation of social isolation measures, the closure of schools, and suspension of social support services. These measures intensified the risks of violence and negatively impacted their developmental processes. This dissertation derives from a nationwide, multicenter study that aimed to implement and evaluate a continuing education program for professionals in the fields of Social Assistance, Education, and Health who worked directly with socially vulnerable adolescents during and after the pandemic. The dissertation is structured in the format of two academic articles. The objective of Article 1 was to investigate, from the perspectives of professionals working in social policies, the impacts of the pandemic on the lives of vulnerable adolescents. Epistemologically grounded in Historical-Cultural Psychology, it is a mixed-methods study, with a cross-sectional and exploratory-descriptive design, derived from an intervention research project. However, only the qualitative data are presented, analyzed, and discussed in this dissertation. Data collection involved a Case Report activity and a socio-demographic and occupational characterization questionnaire. Thematic Analysis was employed for data analysis, supported by the Atlas.ti software. A total of 329 professionals from across the national territory participated in the study, the majority being women (88.4%), white (49.7%), from the Southeast region (43.5%), aged between 30 and 39 years (37%), married (39.2%), and with an individual income of one to three minimum wages (41.3%). Regarding professional characteristics, most participants worked in the field of Social Assistance (59.7%), followed by Health (23.3%) and Education (16.9%). Most had statutory employment ties (48.6%), held degrees in Social Work (38.3%), had completed a lato sensu postgraduate program (41.9%), had over ten years of professional experience (44.1%), and a 40-hour workweek (47.4%). In summary, Article 1 revealed that the pandemic worsened the living conditions of families and adolescents, with increased unemployment, food insecurity, school closures, and intensified intrafamilial violence, particularly sexual abuse, as well as child labor, psychoactive substance use, and psychological distress among adolescents. Furthermore, a decontextualized view among professionals was observed, often blaming adolescents and their families for the challenges and vulnerabilities they faced. Article 2, in turn, aimed to understand the challenges faced by professionals working in social policies in providing care and support to adolescents in situations of vulnerability during and after the pandemic. The findings indicated that professional-adolescent bonds were weakened or severed due to the closure of facilities and the replacement of in-person services with Digital Information and Communication Technologies (DICTs), leading to low adherence to proposed interventions and a fragmentation of intersectoral work. The professionals emphasized the lack of ongoing training and capacity-building to address the challenges brought on by the pandemic, highlighting the urgent need for educational initiatives that support intersectoral and transdisciplinary approaches. In this context, the pandemic represented a deepening of both the precarious living conditions of adolescents and the working conditions of professionals, who were made responsible for ensuring social protection while simultaneously experiencing losses of labor rights and the dismantling of social policies.
Investigação de preditores cardiorrespiratórios em pacientes internados e sobreviventes de COVID-19 acompanhados por 6 meses após alta hospitalar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-04) Boteon, Thais Batistella; Andaku, Daniela Kuguimoto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4549550283590627; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4092-7404; Roscani, Meliza Goi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1298051150234135; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1463-551X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9208943257655391; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3860-3048; Araújo, Adriana Sanches Garcia de; Trimer, Renata; Heubel, Alessandro Domingues; Bazan, Silmeia Garcia Zanati; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0104886088821769; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3102516235444475; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0268406461810882; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9612344635500101; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6491-6240; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9635-1694; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0681-3972; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0607-8189
Introduction: COVID-19 is a multisystem disease in which patients with a higher number of comorbidities tend to experience more severe progression, with viral pneumonia appearing to be the most severe respiratory manifestation. Patients may continue to experience symptoms for months after the resolution of the acute phase of COVID-19, with wide variability in intensity, affected systems, and duration. It is believed that patients with greater pulmonary involvement during hospitalization may present with unfavorable cardiorespiratory outcomes in the post-discharge follow-up, associated with greater functional impairment. Objectives: I) To identify clinical, laboratory, and radiological predictors during COVID-19 hospitalization; II) To monitor unfavorable respiratory outcomes at 1, 3, and 6 months after hospital discharge. Methods: This was a prospective, observational, and longitudinal clinical study involving unvaccinated patients diagnosed with and hospitalized for COVID-19. During hospitalization, patients were assessed for comorbidities, cardiovascular risk factors, symptoms, as well as laboratory and imaging tests. Patients who were discharged were followed up at 1, 3, and 6 months and underwent clinical evaluation and the following complementary tests: laboratory tests, transthoracic echocardiography, chest computed tomography, spirometry, six-minute walk test (6MWT), and quality of life (SF-36) and dyspnea (mMRC) questionnaires. Results: A total of 44 patients were evaluated; 45.5% were admitted to the ICU, and 22.7% required invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). A total of 90.9% of patients required supplemental oxygen, and 61.4% underwent non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV). Hospitalization data analysis showed a correlation between lower lymphocyte counts and the need for IMV (p = 0.011). ROC curve analysis identified a lymphocyte count ≤ 971 cells/mm³ (p = 0.01) with 80.0% sensitivity and 61.0% specificity for predicting the need for IMV, with complete lymphocyte recovery observed within one month after hospital discharge. Regarding the six-month follow-up, there was improvement in chest CT findings, global longitudinal strain (p = 0.045), exercise tolerance on the 6MWT (post-test Borg dyspnea scale, p = 0.007), quality of life (physical role limitations on the SF-36, p = 0.02), and spirometry results with statistically significant improvements in forced vital capacity (p = 0.005), forced expiratory volume in the first second (p = 0.021), and slow vital capacity (p = 0.002), as well as in their respective predicted percentage values (p = 0.011, p = 0.015, and p = 0.001, respectively). The results also demonstrated that an mMRC score > 2 showed good sensitivity and specificity for identifying an average SF-36 score < 70 at one and three months post-discharge (AUC = 0.85 [95% CI: 0.72–0.97; p < 0.001] and AUC = 0.91 [95% CI: 0.80–1.00; p = 0.001], respectively). Similarly, a global longitudinal strain > –14.5% was able to predict an SF-36 score < 70 at six months post-discharge (AUC = 0.98 [95% CI: 0.90–1.00; p = 0.023]). Conclusion: A lymphocyte count ≤ 971 cells/mm³ showed good accuracy in predicting the need for invasive mechanical ventilation among hospitalized COVID-19 survivors. Additionally, there was significant recovery in cardiorespiratory function, exercise tolerance, and quality of life within six months after hospital discharge in this patient population.
Os corpos em movimento na creche: a centralidade do movimento expressivo na educação de bebês e crianças pequenas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-04) Payão, Victoria Lara; Lombardi, Lucia Maria Salgado dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5697508831302188; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6978-864X; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5950328390329343; https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2729-2068
The expressive body movements of babies and young children are directly related to their perceptions and knowledge of themselves, their limitations, the environments they inhabit, and their social and emotional experiences. Through movement, children explore, play, make discoveries, and learn, relying on relationships of trust in adult-child interaction, which occurs in the sensitive and attentive performance of the teacher. This work aims to investigate the benefits resulting from the inclusion of proposals that use expressive and playful body movements in Early Childhood Education, with a special focus on daycare centers. The research aims to analyze the impacts of body approaches in the daily routine of Early Childhood Education, understanding playful body practices as fundamental for the physical and emotional well-being of children, with short- and long-term repercussions. It is based on the understanding that expressive movement is a natural form of communication present from birth and, therefore, it is essential to guarantee space and freedom for children's bodies to express themselves. The investigation also proposes to reflect on the role of the teacher as a mediator of these experiences, promoting practices that integrate care and education, respect the possibilities and needs of children's bodies and value children's protagonism. Through reflections and analyses of work carried out by teachers, the aim is to understand how body movement can be incorporated in a meaningful way into the school routine, contributing to an education that embraces the diversity and integrality of child development.
Reações multicomponentes mediadas por catálise fotorredox
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-04) Silva, Lucas Alcantara Fernandes da; Paixão, Márcio Weber; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3773908504964104; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0421-2831; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8131015951547943
This monograph presents a review of the main developments in multicomponent reactions (MCRs) mediated by photoredox catalysis, focusing on the efficient construction of organic structures with pharmaceutical and technological relevance. MCRs stand out due to their high atom economy, reaction speed, and synthetic convergence, as they combine multiple reagents in a single step. Photoredox catalysis enables the generation of reactive species through the visible-light activation of photocatalysts, allowing for highly selective and sustainable transformations. The integration of these approaches represents a promising strategy for synthesizing complex molecules under mild conditions. This review is organized according to the type of photocatalyst employed, discussing systems based on metal complexes, organic photosensitizers, and dual metal/photoredox catalysis. Proposed reaction mechanisms, representative examples from recent literature, and the potential of these methodologies in modern synthetic chemistry are discussed.
Desafios na caracterização física e quantificação de microplásticos em amostras ambientais: técnicas de imageamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-04) Santos, Thalia Roberta Aquino dos; Urban, Roberta Cerasi; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7313670290572985
This work aims to discuss the challenges in the physical characterization and quantification of microplastics in environmental samples, with an emphasis on quantitative imaging techniques. Methodologies such as optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) are addressed, along with the use of specialized software like ImageJ — with the MP-VAT plug-in — and MATLAB, applied to image analysis. The work also explores the use of fluorescent dyes, such as Nile Red, and the integration of computational tools, like convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and the Deep Pixel Embedding technique, in the context of automated particle quantification. Based on a literature review and practical application in samples collected from both indoor and outdoor environments, the performance of the tools used was evaluated, highlighting the importance of standardizing analytical protocols. The results indicate that the choice of imaging and processing methods directly influences the reliability of the analyses, making it essential to define critical steps that enable data reproducibility and accuracy.
Biomarcadores no fígado de girinos de rã-touro (Aquarana catesbeiana, Shaw, 1802): Efeitos da exposição ao microplástico de polietileno e nanopartículas de dióxido de titânio isolados e conjugados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-04) Santos, Camila Sena dos; Carvalho, Cleoni dos Santos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7233550271936621; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0755-5239; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9526475869478486
Microplastics and titanium dioxide nanoparticles are emerging pollutants that have negatively impacted several species of living beings through their toxic effects on organs, development, and performance. One group of vertebrates that has received little attention on this issue is amphibians, which are characterized by excellent bioindicators. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate glucose, triglyceride, and protein levels after chronic exposure to polyethylene microplastics and titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the livers of bullfrog tadpoles. The tadpoles were exposed for 21 days to polyethylene microplastics (PE MP group, 60 mg/L), titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NP group, 10 µg/L), and the combination of both compounds (MP+NP group). The data obtained generally revealed no significant differences in the concentrations of the biochemical components analyzed, suggesting these animals' adaptability to the adverse conditions to which they were subjected. Studies like this can serve as a basis for understanding the toxic effects on these animals, such as biomonitoring, which highlights the relevance of such results not only for the group of organisms analyzed, amphibians, but also for studies on the impact of such contaminants on other groups of living beings.
Desenvolvimento e caracterização de filmes biodegradáveis de blendas de TPS/PVOH reforçados com derivados de arroz
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-04) Emanuelle, Delgado; Nicolino, Marcos; Backes, Eduardo Henrique; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6407713491620749; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3473121009226703
Synthetic polymeric materials derived from non-renewable sources have a significant environmental impact, highlighting the need for sustainable alternatives. Thermoplastic starch (TPS), derived from renewable sources, appears to be a promising option; however, its mechanical and moisture barrier properties have limitations. To overcome these limitations and optimize the properties of starch films, plasticizers and organic reinforcing agents, such as those derived from rice, can be added. These materials are silica-rich industrial waste generated during the rice processing process and have shown great potential for improving the properties of composites. Therefore, this work investigates the extrusion and characterization of biodegradable films made from TPS/PVOH blends reinforced with rice byproducts such as rice hulls (RH) and carbonized rice hulls (CHR). For this purpose, a TPS/PVOH blend plasticized with glycerol was produced, incorporating different mass contents of CA and CCA (5%, 10%, and 20%) as reinforcing agents. The films were obtained by extrusion and characterized by DSC, TGA, SEM, FTIR, and tensile testing, in addition to water absorption and solubility analyses. The composites with 10% CA and 10% CCA showed lower water absorption, indicating greater moisture resistance, while formulations with 5% CA, 20% CA, and 5% CCA demonstrated greater absorption. Water degradation followed similar trends, with emphasis on the composites with 5% CA and 10% CA. Thermal analyses showed that increasing the filler had little influence on the crystallinity (DSC) and thermal stability (TGA) of the composites. FTIR indicated predominantly physical interactions between the matrix and filler. Mechanical tests revealed higher tensile strength for composites with 5% and 10% CA, a result corroborated by SEM analyses. The TPS/PVOH/10% CA formulation presented the best overall performance, with improved physical, thermal, and mechanical properties, demonstrating its potential as a sustainable alternative for partial replacement of conventional polymers.
Desenvolvimento de semicondutores à base de Nióbio para ativação fotoassistida de Peroximonossulfato para fotodegradação do Ácido Cafeico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2025-07-04) Bolson, Matheus; Nogueira, Francisco Guilherme Esteves; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8117497993539795; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6268-0342; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8117497993539795; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6268-0342
The presence of phenolic compounds in agro-industrial effluents poses a significant environmental challenge due to their low biodegradability, phytotoxicity, and contribution to the chemical oxygen demand (COD). Caffeic acid, one of the main representatives of this class, was employed in this study as a model compound for the evaluation of remediation processes. In this context, Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs), particularly heterogeneous photocatalysis, have emerged as promising alternatives. Accordingly, this work aimed to develop and characterize Nb₂O₅-based semiconductors synthesized via the peroxo-oxidant method (OPM) and subjected to different calcination temperatures (200 °C and 400 °C), targeting their application in the photodegradation of caffeic acid through photoassisted activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) under visible light irradiation. The materials were characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (DRS), Raman Spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric and Differential Scanning Calorimetry Analyses (TG/DSC), Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR), and specific surface area measurements (SBET), highlighting the impact of thermal treatment on the structural, morphological, and optical properties of the materials. Photocatalytic tests revealed that the sample calcined at 200 °C exhibited superior performance, achieving over 90% degradation of caffeic acid within 5 minutes, along with good stability and reusability. Furthermore, the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), particularly hydroxyl radicals (•OH), was confirmed by EPR, emphasizing the role of PMS activation in the process efficiency. Overall, the results underscore the potential of Nb₂O₅ as a sustainable photocatalyst, offering advantages such as chemical stability, the absence of noble metals, and reusability, thereby contributing to the development of wastewater treatment technologies aligned with the principles of green chemistry and the use of abundant resources in Brazil.