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Violência por parceiro íntimo entre homens gays: caracterização, associações com estresse de minorias e avaliação da viabilidade de uma intervenção em grupo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-03-06)
Freitas, Renita de Cássia dos Santos
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D'Affonseca, Sabrina Mazo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0381029115416584
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9103-0616
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Miguel, Fabiano Koich
This dissertation investigated intimate partner violence (IPV) in relationships among gay men in Brazil, integrating two complementary studies: a cross-sectional quantitative survey aimed at characterizing IPV and examining its associations with minority stress indicators, and a second study focused on assessing the feasibility of a remote secondary prevention intervention using a mixed methods approach. The first study included 60 adult gay men living in Brazil (Mage = 35 years), most of whom were cisgender and from the Southeast region. The Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS-2) and the Minority Stress Protocol were used to assess internalized homonegativity, sexual orientation disclosure, and experiences of stigma. Descriptive and correlational analyses were conducted. A high prevalence of IPV involvement in the past year was observed, with 80% reporting victimization and 63.33% reporting perpetration. Psychological violence was the most frequent form, followed by sexual and physical violence. Strong bidirectionality was observed in relationship dynamics. Experiences of stigma showed more consistent associations with different forms of IPV, whereas internalized homonegativity and sexual orientation disclosure were not directly associated with this outcome. The second study, using a quasi-experimental mixed-methods design, involved the development, implementation, and feasibility evaluation of a remote group-based intervention. Guided by Bowen et al.'s (2009) feasibility framework, the study assessed acceptability, implementation, and practicality. The intervention consisted of synchronous online group meetings and asynchronous activities addressing IPV recognition, minority stress, emotional regulation, and assertive communication. Exploratory quantitative indicators and qualitative data (field notes and participant reports) were analyzed in an integrated manner. Findings indicated satisfactory levels of acceptability and feasibility, with recommendations for increasing the number of sessions. By integrating national prevalence estimates with the evaluation of an affirmative intervention proposal, this dissertation contributes to the advancement of preventive strategies that are sensitive to the psychosocial and contextual specificities shaping intimate relationships among gay men in Brazil.
Desenvolvimento de protótipo de dashboard para sistema de medição de desempenho do processo de compras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-03-06)
Gushiken, Stephany Rie Yamamoto
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Martins, Roberto Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3518820028045730
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9092616099030053
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Lizarelli, Fabiane Letícia
This research addresses performance measurement in the purchasing process of multinational companies, focusing on the use of dashboards as a decision-making support tool. The study aims to develop a prototype dashboard for the purchasing process capable of meeting the informational needs of decision-makers at the operational, tactical, and strategic levels. To achieve this objective, a quantitative approach and the Design Science Research method were adopted, guiding the development of the dashboard prototype so that it is applicable to the organizational reality of the analysis unit, a multinational company in the cutting and welding segment. The literature review analyzes the themes of performance measurement, the purchasing function in the supply chain, and the relationship between performance measurement in purchasing and the use of dashboards, understanding the needs of different purchasing decision-makers. As main results of the literature review, 68 indicators applicable to the purchasing process were identified, as well as literature that supported the prioritization of these indicators considering key characteristics and, subsequently, their classification at the operational, tactical, and strategic levels. Data collection involved mapping tables in the ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) system of the analysis unit, SQL (Structured Query Language) queries, and DAX calculations in Power BI. The developed prototype increased information transparency, promoting decisions such as direct interaction with suppliers to mitigate supply risks, developing new suppliers, or even prioritizing resources based on financial results guided by data related to the purchasing process and extracted directly from the analysis unit's ERP system. The research demonstrates that well-structured dashboards tailored to user needs improve the organization's decision-making process, enabling the migration from a reactive and manual management model to a proactive and data-driven approach, fundamental for competitiveness in global supply chains. For future studies, it is recommended to increase the concentration of data in the ERP and create impartial evaluation checklists when the researcher is immersed in the analysis unit.
Envelhecendo: experiências de pessoas idosas dos serviços de convivência sobre vínculos familiares, memória e cuidado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-03-06)
Spindola, Caroline dos Santos
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Risk, Eduardo Name
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9006559297031800
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7290-2597
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6239972951205525
Old age is understood as a subjective marker that can generate anguish due to its association with death. As a complex social phenomenon, aging requires intersectoral policies, such as the National Social Assistance Policy, which promotes community and family interaction. This study aimed to understand the perception of aging, family bonds, memory, and digital sociability among elderly individuals attending community coexistence services in Piracicaba (SP). The following data collection methods were used: (a) a sociodemographic questionnaire, (b) a semi-structured clinical interview guide, and (c) an association diary. Through an exploratory, descriptive, and qualitative approach, 86 elderly individuals were interviewed (87% women, average age of 69 years). The participants, mostly retired with low education and income levels, showed an expanded concept of family, including affective bonds with relatives, neighbors, and even pets. Memory was valued as a testimony of life and as a bonding element. Internet use was seen mainly as a pastime, not as a community space. The body emerged as a central theme, marked by the duality between health and chronic pain. The birth of grandchildren and the independence of children were perceived as positive aspects, although feelings of abandonment were reported as negative experiences. Notably, the elderly did not spontaneously address the topic of aging and did not identify with their own age. The study concludes that public policies for old age must consider its subjective and relational dimensions, going beyond traditional approaches to effectively embrace the concrete experiences of the elderly.
Escoamento pelo tronco: volume e métricas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-03-06)
Tonello, Kelly
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3844965971290638
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7920-6006
Efeitos da meta-clorofenilpiperazina (mCPP) na flexibilidade comportamental avaliada na tarefa de deslocamento de regras em ratos machos e fêmeas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-03-06)
Silva, Leonam Vinicius Barreto da
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Oliveira, Amanda Ribeiro de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4993675879410961
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6497496397928982
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https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5072-5658
Behavioral flexibility, the ability to rapidly adapt behavior to changes in the environment, is a central component of cognitive functioning and is frequently impaired in neurological and psychiatric conditions. Investigating its neural bases aims to broaden its understanding and improve therapeutic interventions. The set-shifting task is widely used to assess behavioral flexibility, examining the ability to adjust behavior in response to dynamic environmental demands. Among the factors influencing this ability, serotonin plays an important role, particularly via 5-HT2C receptors. Meta-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP), a non-selective serotonergic agonist with high affinity for 5-HT2C receptors, has been frequently employed in research; however, its influence on set-shifting performance had not yet been explored. The present study investigated the effects of different doses of mCPP (0; 0.5; 1; 2 mg/kg) on the behavioral flexibility of adult male and female Wistar rats, aiming to characterize potential sex differences and their pharmacological modulation. As expected, mCPP impaired behavioral flexibility in both males and females, albeit with a complex and sexually dimorphic pattern of effects. In males, the main effects occurred at 0.5 mg/kg dose, which reduced accuracy and increased omissions and perseverative errors. Females showed greater sensitivity to the 2.0 mg/kg dose, with impairments characterized by increased reaction time and omissions, without reduced accuracy. Baseline sex differences were observed, suggesting greater task flexibility in males, a pattern that persisted following mCPP treatment. Taken together, the results indicate that mCPP reduces behavioral flexibility, differentially affecting performance in males and females, with implications for understanding sex differences in psychiatric conditions characterized by behavioral inflexibility.
Gestão das mídias digitais institucionais dos programas de pós-graduação da UFSCar: propostas de melhoria integrando gestão do conhecimento e gestão por processos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-03-06)
Migliato, Vanessa Cristina
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Gracioso, Luciana de Souza
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4898201916360294
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6320-4946
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0225761646759154
Digital communication in Graduate Programs (PPGs) at public universities plays a fundamental role in transparency, visibility, and accountability, especially within the evaluation framework of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES). However, gaps persist in the institutionalization of this work, evidenced by the lack of guidelines, workflows, and training to support the production and publication of content with regulatory compliance, including accessibility, personal data protection, and copyright. In this context, this study analyzes the organization of digital media management practices in the PPGs of the Center for Education and Human Sciences (CECH) at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar). The general objective is to propose guidelines and recommendations to improve the management of these media, integrating process management tools. This is a qualitative, exploratory, and applied study, based on a literature review, document analysis, and the application of an online questionnaire. The sample included all 12 PPGs at CECH/UFSCar. In the documentary stage, publications from the “News” section of institutional websites were analyzed for the period from 2017 to 2025. The questionnaire obtained responses from 10 programs, and a descriptive analysis of Instagram profiles was also conducted for the period from November 1, 2024, to October 31, 2025. Data were analyzed through thematic classification and process management tools, such as Check Sheets, Pareto Diagrams, the GUT Matrix, 5W1H, and the Five Whys. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of UFSCar (Approval No. 7,896,089). The results indicate a predominance of administrative-informational content, an irregular presence of science communication, and the central role of administrative staff in day-to-day updates, without formal training and with low standardization of workflows. It is concluded that digital management is sustained by local and reactive efforts. The study proposes the institutionalization of integrated guidelines, the provision of continuous training, and the development of institutional support instruments to improve digital communication and reduce regulatory risks.
Percepções docentes e formulação de Política Pública de Educação Ambiental no município de Capivari (SP).
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-03-06)
Angelim, Karen Bertoldo
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Silva, Fernanda Keila Marinho da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6390725197649567
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7537333388624499
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2904-9225
Environmental Education has been the subject of research and legislation due to the importance and scope of environmental issues. It is a fact that the environment has become a global concern, whether due to climate change and extreme events, deforestation and pollution, among other factors. Since 1997, through the National Curriculum Parameters (PCN), the environment has been addressed in the classroom as a cross-cutting theme. From that period onward, legislation related to the topic has been updated, and Environmental Education has gradually gained prominence and recognition. In this context, understanding how teachers perceive the environment and how they incorporate Environmental Education topics into their classes is of vital importance for advancing toward a more environmentally responsible society, committed to environmental issues and socio-environmental justice. This project proposed a study with teachers from the municipal school system of Capivari (SP), using interviews, questionnaires, and documentary research, in order to investigate their environmental perceptions, how they develop environmental themes in the classroom, and how public authorities could contribute to this process. The research has a qualitative approach, and data analysis was carried out using Content Analysis, according to Bardin.
Classificação das notícias dos sites dos Programas de Pós-Graduação do CECH/UFSCar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-03-06)
Migliato, Vanessa Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0225761646759154
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https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4392-7869
O luto em Freud e suas articulações com a temporalidade na cultura contemporânea
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-03-06)
Ramos, Vitor Costa
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Câmara, Leonardo Cardoso Portela
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0876503068661138
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4957662258663962
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Martins, Karla Patrícia Holanda
The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate mourning from a Freudian perspective, in articulation with contemporary culture, with a focus on the dimension of temporality. This is a theoretical study grounded in psychoanalytic theory. The first chapter addresses the status of mourning in Freud, discussing its metapsychology, the notion of the work of mourning, its main clinical signs, and the question of its termination. The second chapter examines the effects elicited by loss, particularly in the intrapsychic domain and its clinical developments, considering different modes of reaction to object loss that may hinder or prevent the accomplishment of the work of mourning. The third and final chapter proposes an articulation between mourning, temporality, and contemporary culture, prioritizing the relationship between the mourning subject and time. From this perspective, it is understood that the task of mourning takes place at the intersection of the individual and the collective, articulating intrapsychic, intersubjective, and social dimensions. It is observed that the temporality of mourning, which is explicitly subjective, appears antagonistic to the prevailing modes of relating to time in contemporary culture, marked by speed and urgency. The hypothesis advanced is that, in the present context, there is a temporal impasse between the accelerated time promoted by culture and the subject’s subjective temporality. Thus, the time offered to the subject may function as an obstacle to the temporal movement required by mourning, hindering the work of working-through and symbolization in the face of loss.
Freud e as expressões do real
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-03-06)
Valiati, Lucas
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Namba, Janaina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5016873975206205
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0878-5282
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7694234244868160
This dissertation aims to examine the notion of reality in Freud’s thought, starting from the observation that, although ubiquitous, it is mostly mobilized in a functional manner, without a systematic conceptualization. The problem consists in determining how the real manifests itself when it does not lend itself to explicit thematization, remaining as a presupposition that operates between the lines of the texts, in clinical technique, and at the point of contact between distinct epistemological planes. Our temporal delimitation follows the itinerary extending from Freud’s Parisian stay under Charcot (1885-1886) to the psychopathological writings and the supposed abandonment of the seduction theory, around 1897. From a methodological standpoint, we adopt a historical-conceptual investigation that integrates internal analyses of Freudian production with external reconstructions of the scientific context. On this basis, we select as the main axes of analysis: hysteria and neurosis in the fin-de-siècle; the controversies between the schools of hypnotism (Salpêtrière–Nancy); Freud’s experiences and productions with respect to hypnosis; his conceptions as developed from the monograph on aphasias and other contemporary works related to the clinic and to hysteria; the relation of supplementarity between Studies on Hysteria (1895) and the Project for a Psychology (1895); and, finally, the psychopathology of the neuropsychoses of defence and the seduction theory. The results indicate a bivalence between Realität and Wirklichkeit: on the one hand, reality as factuality and given content; on the other, effectiveness as that which acts and produces effects. On the basis of this distinction, we circumscribe differentiated domains of reality — psychic, external, and clinical — and propose the notion of psychic effectiveness, discernible in symptom formation and in dream-work. Moreover, we recognize other genres of expression of the real, such as the effet de réel produced by Freudian clinical writing and the “temporalities of the real” inferred from the ontogenetic series deduced in the Project, within which reality is progressively constituted in the organism through conflict between the internal and the external. We conclude that it is possible to delimit expressions of the real in the Freudian oeuvre, whether in the encounter between epistemological planes (reality thought from the Project and from Aphasias), or in specific works or periods, such as the problem of reality in the first psychopathological conceptions or in the seduction theory.
Entre geografia e matemática: uma narrativa sobre o tratamento do conceito de área em livros didáticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-03-09)
Soares, Marilene Caitano Reis Almeida
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Sousa, Maria do Carmo de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6637658562543505
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1346827105182471
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7388-5490
Considering that the concept of area is present in both Geography and Mathematics education, it may be regarded as interdisciplinary within the context of Basic Education. The general objective of the research presented in this dissertation was to analyze the concept of area within the context of school Geography, taking as its object the way this concept is presented in Geography textbooks. Grounded in cultural-historical theory and narrative inquiry, the study understands experience as both phenomenon and method, recognizing that the researcher and the research mutually constitute one another through the movement of narrating, analyzing, and interpreting lived experience. The research question guiding the study was: how is the interdisciplinary concept of area presented in Geography textbooks, and what implications does this approach produce in the teacher-researcher’s reflections on her teaching and learning processes? Based on this objective and question, the analysis focused on two textbook collections and on the production of narratives of teaching experience. Methodologically, the research adopts a qualitative approach organized into four analytical categories: (1) the approach to the concept of area in textbooks; (2) reading space, graphic representations, and the confusion between area and territory in textbooks; (3) proposed activities and the mediation of knowledge; and (4) in interdisciplinarity with Mathematics, the concept of area becomes a movement of thought which, at the stage of synthesis, comes to compose an interpretative unity guided by historical-dialectical logic. The results show that, although recurrent, the concept of area appears in textbooks in a fragmented way, marked by silences and reductions that compromise its logical-historical meaning, often being treated as a technical procedure devoid of conceptual mediation. The narratives of the teacher-researcher reveal that this limiting form of approach directly interferes with pedagogical practice, requiring teaching interventions so that the concept acquires meaning and becomes constituted as an instrument of thought. Furthermore, it becomes evident that interdisciplinarity between Geography and Mathematics is not realized in textbooks as an effective articulation, but rather as a juxtaposition, which limits the understanding of area in its relationship with lived space. The central thesis defended is that the interdisciplinary articulation between Geography and Mathematics, guided by historical-dialectical logic, enhances the teaching of the concept of area by overcoming its technical reductionism, enabling narratives of experience to be translated into analytical elements supported by a consistent theoretical and methodological structure. It is concluded that teaching the concept of area implies fostering theoretical thinking capable of understanding space in its materiality, historicity, and social meaning, integrating calculation, territory, and experience.
Construção de redes complexas de interações entre SNPs: uma abordagem computacional e estatística
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-03-09)
Lucca, Rafaela Miglinski
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Cerqueira, Andressa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1934493281651316
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3803-9253
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5388923248394598
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) represent the most common form of genetic variation in the human genome and have been extensively studied due to their impact on phenotypic traits and susceptibility to complex diseases. Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have yielded important discoveries by testing each SNP marginally, this approach tends to overlook dependencies between loci, a phenomenon known as epistasis, which may leave part of the phenotypic genetic variance unexplained. To address this limitation, the present work proposes a two-step approach for identifying SNP–SNP interactions associated with blood glucose levels (mg/dL). In the first step, simple linear regression models are fitted to pre-select SNPs with the strongest evidence of marginal association with the phenotype. In the second step, Interaction Forests are applied to the selected subset to rank SNP pairs according to their interaction effect, as quantified by the Effect Importance Measure (EIM). Prioritized pairs are subsequently validated using linear regression models with interaction terms. Missing SNPs were imputed using Markov chains and recombination fractions, and the data were obtained from the ISA-Capital study, comprising 698 genotyped participants and 324,471 SNPs after quality control. Simulation results demonstrated that Interaction Forests consistently recovered pairs with artificially introduced interactions under both quantitative and qualitative scenarios. In the application to real data, the regression-based pre-selection strategy (Case 3) yielded the lowest interaction p-values among the three approaches evaluated, with pairs reaching p < 10^-15, and enabled the construction of SNP interaction networks with connected components and identifiable cycles. These findings reinforce the potential of the proposed methodology for detecting epistasis in high-dimensional genomic data.
Modelagem matemática das etapas de pré-tratamento hidrotérmico e hidrólise enzimática da palha da cana-de-açúcar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-03-09)
Sobral, Beatriz Moraes
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Cruz, Antonio José Gonçalves da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1812806190521028
;
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9407939075077544
The production of ethanol from lignocellulosic biomass, such as sugarcane straw, requires the inclusion of additional process steps to release the sugars (monomers, glucose and xylose) that will later be converted into ethanol via the fermentative pathway. The first of these two steps, known as the pretreatment step, promotes the disruption of the cell wall, reducing biomass recalcitrance through the removal or modification of lignin, an increase in surface area and porosity, as well as a decrease in cellulose crystallinity. These modifications aim to make cellulose and hemicellulose more accessible to the enzymes used in the second step of the process, enzymatic hydrolysis. The objective of this work was to implement, in the Scilab software, phenomenological mathematical models that could describe the hydrothermal pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis steps of sugarcane straw. Once the temperature (T) and time (t) parameters for the hydrothermal pretreatment stage had been defined, linear regression models were fitted to estimate the severity factor (SF) and the mass yield (MY). Based on this information, the composition of the solid fraction of the pretreated biomass can be obtained by integrating the differential equations resulting from the mass balances of the components released from the biomass during the pretreatment process. All degradation kinetics are assumed to be first order. Subsequently, the composition of the solid fraction is used as input for the enzymatic hydrolysis model, which, once the reaction time and the concentration of the enzymatic extract are provided, estimates the composition of sugars (glucose and xylose) in the liquid fraction. The experimental data used to fit the models were obtained from experiments carried out by the research group of the Laboratory for the Development and Automation of Bioprocesses (LaDABio) and of the Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering (LEB), both in Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos. According to the results of this study, splitting the cellulose and hemicellulose into reactive and non-reactive parts optimised the description of their degradation profile during pretreatment. Moreover, the graphical method produced promising results for the severity factor estimation, with relative errors of less than 5% for each condition. Regarding enzymatic hydrolysis, the simplified model more accurately characterised the experimental data than the detailed model. Taken together, the most appropriate scenario for the hydrothermal pre-treatment of sugarcane straw is operating at an isothermal temperature of 195 °C for 10 minutes.
Assistência profissional especializada em amamentação: uma revisão de escopo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-03-09)
Pimenta, Nathália Alexandre Costa
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Marques, Luciano dos Santos
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6022324341764228
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7866-6353
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Wernet, Monika
Human milk is considered the gold standard for feeding newborns and infants, with recommendations for exclusive breastfeeding until six months of age and continued breastfeeding alongside complementary foods up to two years of age or beyond. In addition to its nutritional and immunological benefits, breastfeeding involves relational dimensions between the lactating person and the child. Despite the international recognition of Brazilian policies aimed at the promotion, protection, and support of breastfeeding, the country still faces challenges in achieving the exclusive breastfeeding targets recommended by international organizations. In this context, the importance of professional breastfeeding support stands out. However, in Brazil, professional and continuing education in breastfeeding still lacks specific regulation and guidelines. This study understands specialized breastfeeding support as an evidence-based clinical practice involving individualized assessment, specific clinical reasoning, advanced technical skills, and longitudinal follow-up. Considering the relevance of this support for breastfeeding outcomes and for the experiences of lactating individuals, the following question arises: what scientific evidence exists regarding specialized professional breastfeeding support? Objective: To map scientific evidence on specialized professional breastfeeding support provided to pregnant and postpartum individuals within healthcare services. Method: This scoping review was conducted according to the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis and the PRISMA-ScR checklist. The study protocol was registered in the Open Science Framework (OSF) (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/7FJMK). The research question was structured according to the PCC strategy: “What evidence exists regarding specialized professional breastfeeding support for pregnant and postpartum women in healthcare services?” Searches were conducted in December 2025 in the CINAHL, PubMed, and Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases using controlled descriptors from DeCS and MeSH. Study selection was carried out in the RayyanⓇ software by six researchers. Data extraction and synthesis followed the JBI instrument, with narrative presentation of the identified evidence. Results: A total of 3,201 records were identified. After removing duplicates, 2,058 remained for title and abstract screening according to the research question and eligibility criteria. This process resulted in 15 studies, of which 2 were excluded, leaving 13 studies as the final corpus. Among them, 7 were review studies (including one scoping review and the others systematic reviews with meta-analysis). The remaining studies included exploratory designs: 3 randomized clinical trials, 2 prospective quasi-experimental studies with intervention and control groups, and 1 ecological observational study. Most studies originated from high-income countries. The body of evidence addressed specialized support and breastfeeding outcomes, indicating favorable results associated with such support. Outcomes explored included breastfeeding practices and knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about breastfeeding, and maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy. Analysis of the material resulted in a structured descriptive synthesis organized into the following themes: “Specialized professionals and programs”; “Contexts, approaches, and effects of specialized breastfeeding support”; and “Individualized and partially culturally sensitive support. ” These thematic axes were constructed from interpretive cores that guided their naming. Notably, in the third axis, although support is recognized for considering individual and cultural aspects, this sensitivity appears partial, revealing limitations in more broadly incorporating family, social, and economic contexts into care. Final considerations: The number of studies specifically addressing specialized breastfeeding support was limited, and most focused on the practice of professionals certified by the International Board of Lactation Consultant Examiners. Investigations were primarily centered on describing strategies, timing, and forms of professional practice. The discussion of specialized training was not addressed in the included studies, indicating an urgent need to expand evidence in this area.
Efeitos da radiação no mineral zircão: Caracterização via espectroscopia micro-Raman e espalhamento de raios X em pequenos ângulos (SAXS)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-03-10)
Sales, Antonio Said Webbe
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Guedes, Sandro de Oliveira
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5699746686380656
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Dias, Airton Natanael Coelho
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7070166380084691
Radiation damage in zircon (ZrSiO₄) fundamentally compromises its reliability as a geochronometer by altering the crystalline structure through accumulation of α-recoil damage from uranium and thorium decay. This thesis presents an integrated investigation of radiation damage assessment, thermal annealing behavior, and nanoscale track morphology in zircon, employing complementary analytical techniques and advanced statistical methodologies to establish robust protocols for Raman-based thermochronology applications. The first component addresses a critical methodological gap in Raman spectroscopy preprocessing for radiation damage quantification. Twelve preprocessing combinations were systematically evaluated across six vibrational modes using 80 zircon spectra from radiation-damaged samples. Performance assessment employed fitting quality metrics and statistical validation with outlier detection protocols, algorithms (polynomial, spline, and comparing three baseline correction iterative AirPLS) combined with four normalization methods (min-max, area, peak, and vector). Results demonstrate that preprocessing effectiveness is highly mode-dependent: the ν₃(SiO₄) symmetric stretching mode at 1008 cm⁻¹ achieved superior fitting quality and precision with Spline baseline correction and Min-Max normalization, while ν₁ and ν₂(SiO₄) vibrational modes performed optimally with Polynomial baseline correction and area normalization. These findings establish standardized preprocessing protocols that enhance inter-laboratory comparability and analytical precision for U-Pb geochronology applications. The second component investigates crystalline recovery dynamics during isothermal annealing of metamict zircon through Raman spectroscopy and advanced statistical modeling. A dataset of 6,225 valid spectral observations was analyzed using Generalized Additive Models (GAM), segmented regression with Differential Evolution optimization, and paired bootstrap methods to test six fundamental hypotheses. Results confirm non-linear model superiority and reveal a two-phase recovery characterized by an initial phase (Stages I-II, 473-840 K) with preferential external mode recovery and higher variability (CV ratio = 1.56), followed by a final phase (Stage III) where SiO₄ tetrahedral modes dominate and variability converges (CV ratio = 0.92). Empirical breakpoints at 607 K and 840 K validate Geisler’s three-stage phenomenological model, while bootstrap analysis reveals non-monotonic behavior in band area ratios with a peak at 622 K. These quantitative constraints provide a foundation for Raman-based low-temperature thermochronology. The third component integrates Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) measurements to characterize nanoscale ion track morphology in swift heavy-ion irradiated zircon. SAXS analysis using the hard cylinder model with Gaussian polydispersity yielded track radii ranging from 3.32 to 4.99 nm across seven samples. The correlation between SAXS track parameters and Raman FWHM is not simply linear: the sample with the largest track radius (4.99 nm) exhibits the lowest FWHM (7.38 cm⁻¹), whereas the sample with the smallest radius (3.32 nm) presents a FWHM of 13.05 cm⁻¹, indicating that reduced track radii do not necessarily imply lower vibrational disorder. This behavior reflects the fact that the two techniques respond to structurally distinct aspects of radiation damage — short-range vibrational disorder and physical nanoscale track morphology, respectively — with direct implications for the calibration of Raman parameters in fission track thermochronology. Taken together, the standardized Raman preprocessing protocols, statistical modeling of recovery kinetics, and structural characterization by SAXS offer a starting point for the standardization of Raman-based zircon analysis in thermochronological contexts, although their generalization depends on validation with independent datasets and varied chemical compositions. It should be noted that Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), included in the original research scope and reflected in the title, could not be performed due to the non-return of samples sent to the Australian Synchrotron for SAXS characterization, which also precluded the TEM stage; this absence does not affect the results obtained by Raman spectroscopy and SAXS.
Bioética, vulnerabilidades e participação social na avaliação de tecnologias em saúde: uma leitura das decisões da CONITEC em doenças raras
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-03-10)
Hanshkov, Viviane
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Silva, Geovani Gurgel Aciole da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6146469366214279
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6400-8293
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0325866876028694
This dissertation examines vulnerabilities and public participation in Health Technology Assessment (HTA) processes conducted by the National Committee for Health Technology Incorporation (CONITEC) in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS), with emphasis on rare diseases. A total of 83 technical reports issued between 2015 and 2024 were analyzed using a qualitative approach based on documentary analysis, systematic organization of data, and content analysis of contributions submitted during public consultations. The findings, interpreted through the lenses of Science, Technology and Society (STS) studies and bioethics, reveal that the vulnerabilities of patients and family members emerge in multiple dimensions—physical, emotional, social, economic, and related to access barriers—and appear frequently within public consultation inputs. The analysis shows that such vulnerabilities exert a real but not decisive influence on the modification of preliminary recommendations: they enhance the social legitimacy of the process and enrich the understanding of the disease context, but only lead to recommendation changes when aligned with additional clinical evidence, reduced methodological uncertainty, or economic negotiations that make the technology viable for the health system. Thus, economic considerations and the robustness of scientific evidence remain the central determinants of decision-making, whereas vulnerabilities function as interpretive and ethical elements that expand moral sensitivity but do not operate as autonomous criteria. The study concludes that, although public participation within CONITEC has advanced, challenges remain regarding the effectiveness of contributions and the systematic consideration of equity. This dissertation contributes to the STS field by problematizing the social construction of health technology decisions and by reinforcing the need to integrate bioethical principles into policies for rare diseases.
Estudo do perfil químico e da atividade inseticida de Parahancornia amapa no controle de Atta sexdens
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-03-10)
Franco, Lulliana
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Fernandes, João Batista
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2691336077459602
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2924-3327
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2218269668179713
Leaf-cutting ants of the genera Atta and Acromyrmex are important agricultural pests in Brazil, especially in Pinus and Eucalyptus plantations, due to the intense defoliation associated with the cultivation of the symbiotic fungus Leucoagaricus gongylophorus. Although chemical control is widely used, many conventional insecticides exhibit low biodegradability and high environmental impact, which has encouraged the search for alternative control strategies based on natural products. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the insecticidal potential of Parahancornia amapa (Apocynaceae) in the control of Atta sexdens ants. Metabolites from leaves and bark were extracted using hexane and ethanol. The hexane extract from the leaves and the ethanolic extract from the bark showed significant insecticidal activity. Based on these results, the ethanolic bark extract, which exhibited 70% activity, was selected for bioguided fractionation, initially resulting in a more active methanolic fraction (≈90%). This fraction was subsequently subjected to liquid–liquid partitioning, yielding organic and aqueous subfractions. From the organic subfraction, three compounds previously unreported for the species were isolated and structurally characterized, belonging to the benzopyran class: one pterocarpan, one chroman, and one dimer. The isolated compounds showed moderate insecticidal activity; however, the highest activity was observed for the aqueous subfraction, which exhibited 68% mortality, suggesting a high content of condensed tannins. The comparison among the results obtained for the isolated compounds, the aqueous subfraction, and the original fraction indicated that the most pronounced insecticidal activity is associated with the combined action of the metabolites present in the sample, supporting the hypothesis of a synergistic effect. Additionally, the analysis of the chemical profile of the species by UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS allowed the annotation of several secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, catechins, coumarins, iridoids, phenolic acids, pterocarpans, lignans, benzopyrans, and terpenes. The results obtained expand the knowledge of the chemical profile of P. amapa, which remains scarcely explored in the literature, as well as its biological potential, highlighting its relevance as a promising source for the sustainable control of leaf-cutting ants.
Investigação empírica dos desafios e oportunidades da construção volumétrica offsite no Brasil: um estudo baseado em survey
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-03-10)
Monteiro, Liza Bruna Reis
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Paliari, José Carlos
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/9387796929252598
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/7055627199068148
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Lordsleem Júnior, Alberto Casado
Industrialization in the construction sector aims to enhance efficiency, quality, productivity, and sustainability by adopting industrial production methods. Despite gradual progress in Brazil, the large-scale implementation of industrialized construction - particularly volumetric offsite construction - remains constrained by multiple technical, economic, cultural, logistical, and institutional barriers. This study investigates the main challenges faced by the Brazilian Construction Industry in adopting volumetric offsite construction and identifies viable strategies to overcome them. A Systematic Literature Review was conducted to identify and consolidate the principal challenges reported in the Brazilian context. These findings informed the development of a Likert-scale questionnaire, which was pilot-tested and subsequently administered to professionals across the construction supply chain via survey. The results were analyzed through the Relative Importance Index (RII), enabling the ranking and categorization of challenges. The findings indicate that the most critical challenge categories are Financial (RII = 0.830), Governmental and Regulatory (RII = 0.826), and Cultural and Market-related (RII = 0.804). The highest-ranked individual challenges (RII > 0.80) include the transportation of large-scale modules, cultural resistance, shortage of skilled labor and market experience, lack of tax neutrality, and slow structural and administrative reforms. Proposed strategies to address these barriers include fiscal incentives and specific credit lines, regulatory updates and streamlined licensing, and enhanced technical dissemination, pilot projects, and stakeholder training. The study contributes empirical evidence to support decision-making by public and private stakeholders. It provides strategic guidance to foster the broader adoption of volumetric offsite construction in Brazil, promoting a transition towards more efficient and sustainable construction models.
Análise técnico-econômica e ambiental de biorrefinarias de macroalgas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-03-11)
Kanematsu, Simon
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Cruz, Antonio José Gonçalves da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1812806190521028
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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6830-9512
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8694905355887445
The development of macroalgae-based biorefineries has emerged as a promising pathway for the sustainable production of biofuels and high-value bioproducts. This thesis evaluates, independently, two industrial-scale routes: cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) production from Sargassum sp. and ethanol production from Kappaphycus alvarezii. The processes were modeled based on the scale-up of experimental data and literature sources, enabling the establishment of mass and energy balances, equipment sizing, and estimation of capital (CAPEX) and operating (OPEX) costs. Economic feasibility was assessed through the Minimum Selling Price (MSP), Net Present Value (NPV), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR), complemented by sensitivity and uncertainty analyses using Monte Carlo simulation, while environmental performance was evaluated following ISO 14040/14044 standards. For CNC production from Sargassum sp., four scenarios were assessed: S1) sap, alginic acid, protein, and CNC; S2) sap, alginic acid, and CNC; S3) sap and CNC; and S4) CNC only. CAPEX ranged from approximately US$113.72 to 141.29 million, while the MSP values were US$14,805.67/ton (S1), US$11,098.54/ton (S2), US$3,521.02/ton (S3), and US$8,546.04/ton (S4). Scenarios with higher product diversification exhibited increased CAPEX without proportional reductions in MSP. The most favorable configuration (S3), focused on CNC and sap production, showed the lowest MSP and best environmental performance. Sensitivity analysis indicated that hydrolysis efficiency, minimum attractive rate of return, and CAPEX are the most critical variables affecting MSP. Uncertainty analysis (95% confidence interval) showed MSP ranges of US$7,694.07-22,102.52/ton (S1), US$5,405.69-16,936.40/ton (S2), US$1,915.80–5,105.39/ton (S3), and US$6,199.59–10,695.37/ton (S4). From an environmental perspective, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) indicated negative eutrophication potential (EP) values ranging from -0.144 to -0.05 kg PO₄³⁻ eq/kg CNC, associated with nutrient uptake during cultivation, and global warming potential (GWP) values between 1.52 and 10.53 kg CO₂ eq/kg CNC. Independently, ethanol production from Kappaphycus alvarezii was evaluated. The integrated process (including sap, yeast, and carbon credits-CBIOs) presented a CAPEX of US$148 million, IRR of 57.77%, and NPV of US$1,028.69 million. However, ethanol production as a standalone product resulted in a negative NPV (US$-2,003.07 million) and IRR below the minimum attractive rate of return, indicating economic infeasibility. Sensitivity analysis showed strong dependence on sap selling price and biomass throughput, while Monte Carlo simulation indicated a 90.64% probability of positive NPV under integrated conditions. In contrast, LCA results showed highly favorable environmental performance, with negative GWP (-0.6 kg CO₂ eq/kg) and EP (-0.14 kg PO₄³⁻ eq/kg). Overall, macroalgae biorefineries demonstrate strong environmental performance; however, their economic viability is highly dependent on product portfolio and process integration. High-value products such as CNCs improve feasibility, whereas ethanol production requires coproduct valorization, indicating that the main barrier to industrial implementation is economic rather than technical or environmental.
Liberdade individual e obediência às leis: crítica de Isaiah Berlin à teoria política de Jean-Jacques Rousseau
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-03-11)
Almeida, Guilherme do Couto de
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Lopes, Marisa da Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5427042421727621
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6559530459689554
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Lopes, Marisa da Silva
In The Social Contract, Jean Jacques Rousseau sets out the political principles that govern the existence of the political body born of the social pact. By explicating the concepts of individual will, general will, and the common good, Rousseau maintains that the contracting individual receives his freedom from the pact, grounded in obedience to laws made by the people themselves. This freedom reflects popular sovereignty and the exercise of the general will as the guiding principle of the State and of civil society. The Genevan further qualifies this point by stressing that the associate preserves his individual freedom precisely by ordering his life through submission to the laws he himself has established. The present study aims to refute Isaiah Berlin’s critique of the individual freedom proposed by Jean Jacques Rousseau in The Social Contract. Berlin argues that Rousseau’s conception of freedom is illusory, claiming that the general will, when interpreted as an absolute, can lead to despotism and to the oppression of individual will. This study contends, however, that such criticism rests on a biased interpretation of Rousseau’s theory, especially insofar as it is grounded in a conception of freedom as the satisfaction of one’s own individual interests within the limits imposed by respect for the interests of others (negative liberty). The purpose is to address the core of the tension between individual freedom and collective authority through the lenses of Berlin and Rousseau—a theme that demands analytical precision and a deep grasp of its conceptual nuances. Berlin’s most forceful criticisms of Rousseau will be examined, especially as they concern the possibility that Rousseau’s ideas might conduce to tyranny or serve to justify totalitarian regimes. Accordingly, this dissertation proposes a critical analysis of Isaiah Berlin’s interpretation of Jean Jacques Rousseau’s political theory, specifically Rousseau’s conception of freedom and its implications for the organization of the State. The central hypothesis is that Berlin’s critique, although relevant within the context of twentieth century liberal thought, fails to grasp the complexity and the institutional safeguards present in Rousseau’s system—safeguards that prevent the degeneration of the general will into authoritarianism. More specifically, the research will examine how Rousseau articulates a political model in which genuine freedom is achieved not through the negation of individual will, but through its integration into the general will, expressed in laws collectively enacted. The method employed will consist in an exegesis of Rousseau’s primary texts - chiefly The Social Contract - and of Berlin’s writings, especially “Two Concepts of Liberty,” confronting them with the extensive secondary literature devoted to this controversy. The structure of the work, outlined below, is intended to deepen this analysis, culminating in a systematic response that reaffirms the continuing relevance of Rousseau’s political philosophy for understanding freedom and democratic legitimacy. Finally, the dissertation is grounded in a critical analysis of Rousseau’s works and of contemporary interpretations, seeking to clarify that individual freedom and the general will are not antagonistic, but complementary within the context of political life.