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Condução e manejo de miniestacas de Trema micranthum (L.) Blume
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-03-18) Souza, Lindomar Alves; Quadros, Kenia Michele de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2209314957208420; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0873-9582; Silva, José Mauro Santana; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1206055452889306; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0662-4132; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0513360845229806; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9992-4849; Môra, Rômulo; Dutra, Felipe Bueno; Pádua, Franciane Andrade de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3456015172126546; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2753005636186745; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2945447364979913; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4122016283592995; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2234-6753; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6280-7307; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9992-4849
The production of seedlings of native forest species is essential to meet the increasing demand for ecological restoration and biodiversity conservation. In this context, vegetative propagation techniques have been widely investigated as an alternative to seed-based propagation, especially for species that exhibit germination limitations. Among the species of interest, Trema micranthum (L.) Blume stands out as a fast-growing pioneer species, characterized by a low germination rate from seeds, around 35%. In addition, the species shows potential for medicinal use, associated with the presence of compounds such as cannabidiol without THC in its flowers and fruits, which broadens its scientific and economic relevance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the productive performance and rooting of mini-cuttings of Trema micranthum in a clonal mini-garden system, considering the influence of climatic factors, types of mini-cuttings, spacing between ministumps, and seedling quality indicators over time. The study was conducted at the Federal University of São Carlos, Sorocaba campus, between 2023 and 2025, in a semi-hydroponic system under controlled fertigation, with two spacing arrangements between ministumps (0.10 × 0.10 m and 0.10 × 0.20 m) and successive collections of mini-cuttings. Linear and multiple regression analyses with climatic variables, Spearman correlation, time series models (ARIMA/ARIMAX), and non-parametric tests were applied to compare treatments. The results indicate temporal variation in productivity associated with the age of ministumps and temperature, while rooting did not decrease with ministump age. No statistically significant differences were observed between spacings in terms of productivity and rooting of mini-cuttings. It was observed that the average productivity was 4.1 mini-cuttings per ministump per month in the wider spacing and 3.2 mini-cuttings per ministump per month in the 0.10 × 0.10 m spacing, with rooting percentages exceeding 50% in all collections performed. Variability among ministumps in terms of average mini-cutting productivity was also verified, allowing the identification of superior and inferior individuals. It is concluded that proper management of the clonal mini-garden and the selection of productive individuals are efficient strategies to optimize the clonal production of T. micranthum, expanding its use in forest restoration and future applications of economic interest.
Previsão de séries temporais de queimadas no Pantanal com uso de aprendizado de máquina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-03-18) Silva, Rômulo Alves da; Levada, Alexandre Luis Magalhães; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3341441596395463; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8253-2729; Fernandes, Marcio Merino; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7278634019537967; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3048-3106; Baré; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2147023317553049; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4944-5178
The Brazilian Pantanal comprises a biome responsible for an enormous diversity of fauna and flora. However, wildfires affecting this biome have become a major problem in recent years, generating impacts that may become irreversible in the future. Therefore, fire prediction methods prove to be essential and extremely important for the prevention and control of wildfires throughout this territory. Nevertheless, the main fire risk indices currently in use present limitations, such as: (1) not being adapted to the characteristics of each biome; (2) being restricted to specific climatic variables; and (3) not being able to predict forest fire risk over a defined multi-day horizon. This last aspect, in particular, is of utmost importance, as its improvement enables planning and coordinated action by environmental authorities with adequate advance notice. In order to investigate this limitation, this study developed a comparative approach between two computational models based on Machine Learning (XGBoost and LSTM), evaluating which one produced results closer to the observed reality. The results obtained indicated that the XGBoost model showed superior performance in predicting fire occurrences, achieving lower values of mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean square error (RMSE), in addition to a greater ability to explain the variability observed in the time series. The LSTM model, in turn, demonstrated the ability to capture seasonality and the average behavior of the series; however, it showed limitations in reproducing the magnitude of extreme events, especially due to univariate modeling and the effective volume of data available for training. Overall, the findings highlight that approaches based on boosting techniques combined with temporal feature engineering were more suitable for the analyzed dataset, although both methodologies confirmed the existence of learnable temporal patterns in the historical series of the Brazilian Pantanal.
Ações de inclusão e acessibilidade nos campi de uma universidade federal da região norte do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-03-18) Araujo, Mara Cristina Lopes Silva; Orlando, Rosimeire Maria; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4254571422608459; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0990-6146; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8650957521962537; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8846-7806; Dainez, Debora; Ferrarini, Cleyton Fernandes; Zanata, Eliane Marques; Pires, Yomara Pinheiro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4671868444231806; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6048395588990624; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5940575768463168; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5304797342599931
The admission of students with disabilities to Higher Education has been a recurring topic in academic research, and over the last thirty years, discussions have followed the political, social, and economic changes surrounding this issue. Understanding access to Higher Education as a fundamental right, this study investigated the inclusion and accessibility actions developed within student assistance centers and divisions. From this perspective, the general objective of the research was to analyze the inclusion and accessibility actions implemented across the campuses of a federal university in Northern Brazil and to identify the challenges faced in this process. The specific objectives were: (a) to characterize accessibility centers based on the Incluir Program; (b) to analyze the distribution and organization of campuses that have Accessibility Centers and Student Assistance Divisions within a federal institution in the state of Pará; (c) to critically analyze the inclusion actions developed by a federal institution located in the state of Pará, in Northern Brazil; and (d) to demonstrate how federal institutions located in the Amazonian region of Northern Brazil have been organizing services for students who are part of the target population of Special Education on their campuses. The study adopted a qualitative approach, and data analysis was grounded in the theoretical framework of historical-dialectical materialism. The main theoretical references were Karl Marx, István Mészáros, and Valdemar Sguissardi, whose works contributed to understanding the structural contradictions of Higher Education within contemporary capitalism and supported the definition of thematic axes for analysis. The participants included nine coordinators of accessibility centers and student assistance divisions, as well as one student. The research was conducted across the campuses of the Federal University of Pará. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted both online, via Google Meet, and in person. The findings reveal that, although initiatives aimed at supporting students with disabilities exist, these actions are still implemented in a fragmented manner, relying heavily on individual efforts and marked by structural weaknesses, such as the lack of adequate physical spaces, insufficient multidisciplinary teams, budgetary limitations, and the persistence of attitudinal barriers. It was observed that the multicampus expansion process, historically linked to regional economic demands, did not structurally incorporate accessibility as a transversal principle of institutional planning. It is concluded that Higher Education in Northern Brazil remains a field of political and pedagogical dispute, requiring the institutional strengthening of Accessibility Centers, the consolidation of integrated policies, and the incorporation of accessibility as a constitutive dimension of the university project. It is argued that the Amazonian public university, beyond merely complying with legal requirements, must assume a historical commitment to the democratization of knowledge and to the emancipation of historically excluded groups.