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Autoria docente de jogos digitais e os movimentos de ruptura com a consciência ingênua: a experiência de futuros professores de Matemática sob a ótica sociotécnica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-05-28)
Nunes, Daniel Martins
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Passos, Cármen Lúcia Brancaglion
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/2297203444364327
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5501-3584
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/6790239528618710
This doctoral research, set in the North of Minas Gerais and inspired by João Guimarães Rosa's concepts of “Sertão” (Backlands) and “Travessia” (Crossing), investigates the initial education of Mathematics teachers in the face of challenges in a context mediated by digital artifacts. The study problematizes the instrumental view and technological determinism, manifested under the logic of “technological salvationism.” In opposition to this dominant view, the defended thesis is that Teacher Authorship of digital games acts as a sociotechnical formative device, capable of stressing the naive consciousness about technology and breaking the illusory belief in its salvationist power. This authorship transcends the mere technical production of the artifact, configuring itself as a recursive and inseparable cycle of creating to apply, and applying to (re)signify the creation. Accordingly, the guiding research problem was defined as: What are the contributions and limits of a formative experience based on Teacher Authorship for the professional constitution of pre-service Mathematics teachers, grounded in their perceptions of the design, development, and mediation of digital games in teaching? The general objective was established to investigate the contributions and limits of a formative experience based on Teacher Authorship for the education of Mathematics teachers, analyzing the perceptions and reflections constructed by pre-service teachers based on the experience of conception, programming, and didactic use of digital games. The specific objectives unfold as follows: i) to understand the implications of Teacher Authorship in the constitution of the participants' perceptions regarding the tensions, algorithmic barriers, and reflections experienced during the digital game development process; and ii) to analyze the pre-service teachers' reflections and perceptions regarding the potentialities and limits of pedagogical mediation, evidenced through the experience of using these authorial artifacts in real teaching contexts in Basic Education. Grounded in Brigitte Albero's Sociotechnical Approach, Álvaro Vieira Pinto's philosophy of technology, and the assumptions of experience (Jorge Larrosa) and reflection (John Dewey), the research adopted a qualitative approach. Data were produced at the Federal Institute of Northern Minas Gerais (IFNMG – Januária Campus), where four pre-service teachers experienced “Teacher Authorship,” which consisted of designing, coding, and mediating the use of their own games in public schools. Data interpretation was carried out through Discursive Textual Analysis (DTA). The results attest to the validity of the thesis by showing that immersion in this authorial cycle provoked real fissures in the participants' technical consciousness. The confrontation with the realities of the "school floor" and with the subversions of Basic Education students shattered the myth of plug and play, forcing the pre-service teachers to face a zone of pedagogical risk. It is concluded that Teacher Authorship transcends software appropriation, configuring itself as a tensional process of alterity, empathy, and political literacy. The research also denounces applicationist curricular models and structural school precarization, arguing that, in the face of technology, a politically awakened teacher conscious of their intentionality is the most revolutionary “technology” in the classroom.
Efeito de multiestressores (temperatura e bisfenol A) no crescimento de duas espécies de macrófitas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-05-29)
Sant'Ana, Laiane Neri
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Cunha-Santino, Marcela Bianchessi da
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/2356641063223397
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/0393130647666806
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Cunha-Santino, Marcela Bianchessi da
Freshwater ecosystems are increasingly subjected to multiple pressures, including climate change, pollution, and alterations to the hydrological cycle. This context creates a multi-stressor environment for organisms inhabiting aquatic systems, such as macrophytes, plants that occupy wetlands or fully aquatic habitats. Plant communities are directly influenced by temperature, which modulates their metabolic rates and growth parameters, and may interact synergistically with other stressors, such as chemical pollutants. Bisphenol A (BPA) is a synthetic organic compound widely used in plastic production and is an emerging contaminant that interacts with aquatic organisms, including macrophytes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of bisphenol A and temperature, within a climate change context, on two macrophyte species (R. natans and S. auriculata). The following hypotheses were tested: (i) BPA would exert negative effects on plant growth and development; (ii) a 2 °C temperature increase would synergistically interact with the contaminant, potentiating its toxic effects; and (iii) R. natans and S. auriculata would exhibit similar growth responses when exposed to identical conditions. Specimens of both species were individually exposed to bisphenol A concentrations of 0 mg/L (control), 2.5 mg/L, and 10 mg/L (50 individuals per concentration) and maintained at two temperature regimes, 21.5 °C and 23.5 °C, over a 6-week period. Leaf area was measured weekly, and the remaining bisphenol A concentration was determined. At the end of the experimental period, dry and fresh biomass of the macrophytes were determined gravimetrically. S. auriculata proved more sensitive to the contaminant, particularly at the highest concentration (10 mg/L), exhibiting visible signs of deterioration, including chlorosis and senescence. The higher temperature (23.5 °C) promoted growth and enhanced resistance/resilience to the contaminant in this species. In contrast, R. natans showed deleterious responses to higher temperatures, with negative effects on growth parameters and an apparent reduction in contaminant absorption/adsorption. Thus, under a multi-stressor scenario, S. auriculata may benefit from increased temperature but may be adversely affected by bisphenol A. Conversely, R. natans demonstrated phytoaccumulation potential for bisphenol A but was adversely affected by elevated temperatures.
Concepções e práticas da convivência na atuação de terapeutas ocupacionais em Centros de Convivência e Cooperativas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-05-29)
Machado, Pietra Rosa Aguiar
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Morato, Giovana Garcia
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/2928616003881655
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9334570986994190
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Leão, Adriana
Social Interaction and Cooperative Centers (CECCOs) are strategic components of Brazil's mental health policy and the Psychosocial Care Network (RAPS), guided by principles of care within the community, social participation, inclusion, and the co-creation of the "common." These facilities feature interprofessional teams—notably including occupational therapists, whose practice has historically contributed to creating spaces for social interaction, participation, and cultural production, as well as strengthening community ties. Although social interaction holds a central place in the organization of these services and the practices of occupational therapists, the concept remains multifaceted and continues to evolve within the field of occupational therapy. Against this backdrop, the general objective of this research was to identify how occupational therapists at CECCOs in the city of São Paulo conceive and practice social interaction. A specific objective was to analyze the relationship between the conceptions of social interaction adopted by these professionals and the practices implemented in the services. This study employed a qualitative approach with an exploratory and descriptive design, conducted at eight CECCOs in São Paulo. Eight occupational therapists working at different CECCOs participated in the study; all had at least one year of experience in these services and were directly involved in daily social interaction practices. Data collection involved two instruments: an Occupational Therapist and CECCO Characterization Form and a semi-structured interview guide. Form data were analyzed descriptively, while interview data underwent thematic analysis. Four categories emerged from this analysis: Category 1 – Historical, organizational, and symbolic dimensions of CECCOs; Category 2 – Social interaction: conceptions, understandings, and practices; Category 3 – Interplay between social interaction and occupational therapy; Category 4 – Sociopolitical aspects of social interaction and their repercussions within CECCOs. The results show that social interaction emerges as a structuring axis of the work at CECCOs, revealing that interacting involves sharing experiences, building together, and recognizing the other in their uniqueness. They further highlight that this experience requires creating conditions where different ways of being and existing in the world are welcomed. This ethical dimension serves as a prerequisite for building more inclusive and solidary societies. Social interaction entails the continuous practice of recognizing the legitimacy of the other and sustaining relationships that transcend prejudices, stigmas, and normative expectations; this materializes in concrete practices regarding the organization of daily life, the facilitation of groups, the mediation of encounters, and the creation of spaces for participation and belonging. Thus, a close relationship is observed between how occupational therapists understand social interaction and the practices they implement; their conception of it as a relational, ethical, and collective process translates into interventions that prioritize encounters, listening, and openness to difference. Social interaction, as practiced in CECCOs, is considered a structuring axis of Occupational Therapy practice and a fundamental dimension of psychosocial care, contributing to the fostering of autonomy, social participation, and the right to the city, while highlighting the specific role of Occupational Therapy in sustaining practices committed to care within a context of freedom.
Análise cognitivo-funcional da ironia construcional [só que XAdv] no português brasileiro: expressão de ponto de vista por meio de ironia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-05-29)
Camargo, Daniel William Ferreira de
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Hirata-Vale, Flávia Bezerra de Menezes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2797556968074056
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9091-9461
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8560900153891186
The present study investigates, based on both formal and functional factors, irony as a marker of viewpoint in the construction [só que XAdv] within the framework of Cognitive Linguistics, more specifically according to the Construction Grammar paradigm (Goldberg, 1995, 2006). By applying the properties of schematicity, productivity, and compositionality, proposed by Traugott and Trousdale (2013), this work characterizes [só que XAdv] with respect to its form and function. Moreover, drawing on the insights of Lehmann and Bergs (2021), it asserts its status as a construction irony, whose ironic interpretation, once embedded in the collective imagination, is immediately recognized. Furthermore, owing to the inherent irony in [só que XAdv], this construction emerges as a prototypical case of perspectivization, based on the Theory of Viewpoint (Tobin; Israel, 2012). To that end, adopting a methodology that, with synchronic and qualitative data, accounts for that actual use of contemporary Brazilian Portuguese, we make use of O Corpus do Português (Davies; Ferreira, 2016), specifically the NOW and Web/Dialects subcorpora, and conduct two search rounds. In this context, using the tag só que ADV and the Brazil filter, the findings indicate that the construction is (i) more schematic, evidenced not only by the presence of constructions such "só que não", "só que nunca", and "só que sim", but by "só que jamais", along with variations incorporating some type of intensifier/reinforce or modalizer; (ii) more productive, since, beyond the diversity of adverbs that may fill the slot X, combinations such as "só que infelizmente não", with an evaluative modalizer, reveal the schema’s capacity to continue licensing new instances; and (iii) less compositional, as the mere sum of the parts constituting the constructions instantiated by the relevant schema is insufficient to establish their full meaning. Moreover, [só que XAdv] should be analyzed as a constructional irony, insofar as it involves a schematic formal structure, a conventionalized association with an ironic effect, and an interpretive shift away from literal meaning. From a discursive standpoint, the construction also exhibits a scalar pattern of negation, ranging from more mitigated to more categorical forms, in the following gradation: só que talvez não < só que não = só que também não < só que não mesmo < só que nunca = só que jamais. Finally, the analysis highlights the perspectival shift brought about by the irony encoded in the schema, which involves a movement from a lower semantic level to a higher pragmatic one. However, such perspectivization, unlike what is elucidated by Tobin and Israel (2012), occurs automatically, requiring no extra inferential effort on the part of the interlocutor, since it constitutes a case of constructional irony, as proposed by Lehmann and Bergs (2021). Thus, this study aims to contribute to the advancement of linguistic studies in written Brazilian Portuguese variation, insofar as, by investigating and documenting a construction that has become established across different registers and contexts, it seeks to reveal irony as a sophisticated component of everyday communication. This is because it exceeds predictable meaning by dissimulating literary, rhetorical, and social effects and, therefore, functions as an essential tool for shaping and expressing viewpoints.
Grafos eulerianos e identidades polinomiais sobre a álgebra das matrizes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-05-29)
Cruz, Bruno Machado da
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Talpo, Humberto Luiz
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/1674689444257254
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/4842787673699774
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Fagundes , Pedro Souza
In this work, we present applications of Graph Theory to the study of polynomial identities for the matrix algebra $M_n(K)$. Initially, we establish the fundamental concepts of PI-theory and Graph Theory, emphasizing the definition of Eulerian graphs. We analyze the Amitsur-Levitzki Theorem in detail through the proof proposed by Richard Swan [11], which utilizes the counting of Eulerian paths in directed graphs to simplify the algebraic problem. Subsequently, based on the work of Szigeti, Tuza, and Révész [13], we explore how specific graph constructions allow for the formalization of the conditions for the existence of these identities. Finally, we highlight that understanding this technique not only simplifies classical results but also establishes itself as a powerful tool for discovering new identities in PI-algebras.
Produção de membranas de nanofibrilas de celulose/MoO₃ para adsorção de azul de metileno de efluentes aquosos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-05-29)
Filho, Jorge Fernandes
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Mendonça, Vagner Romito de
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/4270375873948823
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2300-9959
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de Menezes, Aparecido Junior
This study investigates the development and characterization of composite membranes based on cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) and molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) for the removal of the cationic dye methylene blue (MB) from aqueous effluents. The experimental approach systematically varied the concentrations of CNF (0.5–2.0%) and MoO3 (1–10%) to elucidate the relationship between the support matrix microstructure and the adsorptive performance of the active phase. Characterization was performed through structural analyses (SEM, XRD, FTIR, and porosity), kinetic studies, and adsorption isotherms. The results indicate that the incorporation of MoO3 promotes modifications in surface interactions, as reflected by the better fit to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorptive process is predominantly governed by electrostatic interactions between the negatively charged membrane surface pHPZC (3,5) and the methylene blue in aqueous solution for both membranes with and without the oxide. The main finding of the study was the identification of an inverse relationship between CNF concentration and adsorption capacity. This behavior was attributed to a reduction in membrane porosity resulting from structural compaction (hornification), which limits mass transport and reduces accessibility to the active MoO3 sites. The N0.5Mo5 formulation (0.5% CNF and 5% MoO3) exhibited the best performance, with a maximum adsorption capacity of approximately 453,4 mg/g, resulting from a balance between high porosity and adequate dispersion of the active phase. The results demonstrate that the microstructural porosity of the support matrix is the dominant factor in the composite's performance, outweighing the influence of the amount of active material and establishing an important design principle for the development of high-performance adsorbent materials.
Eletrodeposição de liga à base de Ni, Co e P para aplicação na eletrólise da água
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-05-29)
Moreira, Nathan dos Santos
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Mascaro, Lucia Helena
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9130022476352844
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5606563001971845
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https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4300-182X
This work investigates a NiCoP catalyst obtained by electrodeposition for alkaline water electrolysis. Since the electrodeposition conditions directly influence the morphology, composition, and electrocatalytic activity of the film, a central composite design was employed to optimize the catalyst electrodeposition conditions. The studied variables were the concentrations of [NiSO4], [CoSO4], and [NaH2PO2], as well as the applied current density (jd), while the responses of the experimental design were the overpotentials at 10 and 100 mA cm⁻2 (η10 and η100, respectively) for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The obtained films exhibited limited activity toward the OER, with a maximum overpotential reduction lower than 50 mV compared to the stainless steel substrate. In contrast, promising results were observed for the HER, with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 80.2 % for η10, where the NiSO4 concentration and current density were identified as significant effects at a 95 % confidence level. Although [CoSO4] and [NaH2PO2] were not statistically significant, the complete removal of these salts severely compromised the catalytic performance. However, the desirability study indicated that their concentrations can be reduced by up to 50 % and 80 %, respectively, without significant loss in HER activity or catalyst composition. In the second stage, the optimized electrodeposition condition for the NiCoP catalyst was evaluated in an anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer (AEMWE), using Ni3Fe-LDH as the anode in 1.0 mol L⁻1 KOH solution at Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany. The polarization curves recorded for this system before and after 240h of operation at 1.0 A cm⁻2 showed similar profiles, reaching 1.0 A cm⁻2 at 2.00 V. Overall, this work demonstrates the potential of electrodeposited NiCoP, a simple and low-cost synthesis method, as a catalyst with competitive electrochemical performance for the HER in AEMWE systems.
Compatibilidade de óleos essenciais e Trichoderma sp. em antagonismo contra Fusarium sp
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-05-29)
Mora, Érika Costa Bretones
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Souza, Clovis Wesley Oliveira de
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Stephan, Sônia Regina Nogueira
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/0781683628437007
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/2616934901560211
The olive tree (Olea europaea L.) was introduced into Brazil more than two centuries ago and faces phytosanitary challenges such as Fusarium wilt, caused by fungi of the genus Fusarium, which leads to vascular browning, root necrosis, and dieback of the aerial parts. Conventional management includes the elimination of infected plants and the use of healthy seedlings. However, these strategies present limitations. As an alternative, biological control using fungi of the genus Trichoderma has gained attention due to its antagonistic activity against phytopathogens. In addition, essential oils have attracted interest because of their antifungal properties and low toxicity. This study evaluated the effects of essential oils on three isolates of the genera Trichoderma (CMO 16, CMO 48, and T221A) and two isolates of the genera Fusarium (FUS 1 and FUS 2), both individually and in combination, to investigate their potential as a strategy for the control of Fusarium wilt in olive trees. Seven essential oils were tested: lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), clove leaf (Syzygium aromaticum), spearmint (Mentha spicata), peppermint (Mentha piperita), oregano (Origanum vulgare), palmarosa (Cymbopogon martinii), and Piper aduncum L. (Piper), through individual growth and fungal antagonism assays. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and presented as dot plots and heatmaps. The three Trichoderma isolates showed high tolerance to most essential oils, exhibiting maximum growth in the presence of lemongrass, spearmint, and peppermint oils. Fusarium growth was significantly inhibited, particularly by clove leaf and oregano essential oils at higher concentrations. The combination of Trichoderma and essential oils enhanced the suppression of Fusarium. The best results were obtained at the lowest concentrations of lemongrass, spearmint, and peppermint essential oils. These findings indicate that the combined use of Trichoderma and essential oils represents a promising and sustainable strategy for the control of Fusarium wilt in olive cultivation.
Temporal coherence and collective effects in light scattering by cold atoms
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-05-29)
Fernandes Biscassi, Mateus Antônio
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Hugbart, Mathilde
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5018-0236
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Bachelard, Romain
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/4344589799192534
This thesis investigates the temporal coherence properties and collective effects of light scattered by disordered ensembles of cold atoms. Using cold atomic clouds as a highly controllable experimental platform, we combine measurements of first- and secondorder optical correlation functions with theoretical modeling and numerical simulations to characterize different scattering regimes. We first examine the Siegert relation, establish the conditions for its validity, and experimentally verify its applicability in our system as a simple link between first- and second-order correlation functions. We then identify a transition between two distinct light-scattering regimes, characterized by different mechanisms responsible for coherence loss: a classical, atomic motion-induced mechanism at low saturation and a quantum fluctuations-driven mechanism associated with spontaneous emission under strong saturation. Next, we investigate the role of the atomic cloud geometry in the scattering process, demonstrating that by controlling the cloud geometry it is possible to reduce multiple scattering and consequently enhance the coherence time of the scattered light. Finally, we theoretically explore signatures of collective effects in the Rabi oscillation dynamics of strongly driven, interacting two-level systems, revealing a collective displacement of the resonance frequency that increases with the optical depth of the system.
Corpos em discurso: a beleza da mulher negra- interincompreensão, ressignificação e revascularização discursivas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-05-29)
Fabiano, Bianca Cristina de Oliveira.
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Baronas, Roberto Leiser
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4613001301744682
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/43272630228343
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Carreon, Renata de Oliveira
This master’s thesis is a continuation of a research project conducted with financial support from the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) in 2020, titled “Ora-Yê-Yê-Ô: or Black Beauty: From Discursive Re-signification to the Empowerment of Black Women.” In that initial research, we focused on analyzing the discursive functioning of technogeneres (posts, hashtags, photomontages, and videos) mobilized by Black women’s collectives on Web 2.0, with the aim of reframing the discursive aggression they face. In this work, the main objective is to promote dialogue between theoretical proposals on reframing (Paveau, 2021; Paveau, Costa, and Baronas, 2021) and discursive revascularization (Baronas and Costa, 2022; Baronas, 2024), developed in conjunction with the concept of intercomprehension (Maingueneau, 1984/2008). Based on a theoretical dialogue between the aforementioned concepts, we analyze how the history of Black beauty in Brazil is constructed, drawing a comparison with the issue of racial controversy fueled by hate speech on social media, using the theme of “Black women’s beauty” as a framework for reflection. Based on these analyses, we seek to understand not only how these women, who have been historically silenced, reframe the offenses directed against them, but also how certain groups reiterate previously produced aggressive statements, reproducing a racist and sexist viewpoint. Finally, this research aligns with the militant practices of reparation and historical resistance that these collectives promote in the digital sphere.
Depressão infantil em contextos de catástrofe: avaliação de um programa de intervenção com crianças afetadas pela pandemia de covid-19
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-05-29)
Muniz, Haryadny Kamylla Macedo
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Komatsu, André Vilela
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8393101225656270
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Pessoa, Alex Sandro Gomes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4333565964821090
The COVID-19 pandemic constituted a global health catastrophe, whose psychosocial impacts disproportionately affected vulnerable populations, including children. Among the mental disorders that gained prominence during the pandemic period, childhood depression holds a relevant place, with consequences that can extend throughout development. This doctoral thesis aimed to investigate the effects of a psychosocial intervention in reducing depression symptoms among children exposed to catastrophe contexts, taking the COVID-19 pandemic as a reference. To this end, three interrelated studies were conducted. The first study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) in its 20-item version. The results indicated high internal consistency for the total score (α = 0.88) and for the affective (α = 0.79) and cognitive (α = 0.74) subscales, but unsatisfactory consistency in the behavioral (α = 0.52) and somatic (α = 0.49) subscales. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated adequate fit of the four-factor model (CFI = 0.99; TLI = 0.99; RMSEA = 0.000). The second study, with a quasi-experimental design including control and experimental groups and pre- and post-intervention measures, examined the efficacy of the ConViver program in reducing depressive symptoms. The results showed a significant reduction in symptoms over time for the entire sample (F(1,114) = 11.83; p = 0.0008), especially in the affective and cognitive dimensions, but without significant differences between the experimental and control groups. Stratified analyses revealed that girls in both the experimental and control groups showed greater symptom reduction and that non-Black children in the experimental group benefited more from the intervention than Black children. The third study, whose aim was to conduct a cluster analysis based on the change score identified in depression symptoms before and after the intervention (ΔCDI = T2 − T1), identified three trajectory profiles: Improved (n = 47), Stable (n = 46), and Worsened (n = 23). There was no significant association between allocation group and cluster membership (p = 0.641; Cramer's V = 0.00), indicating that the program did not significantly alter the normative trajectory of depressive symptoms. Multinomial logistic regression revealed that male gender was the only significant predictor of a lower chance of improvement (OR = 0.29; 95% CI: 0.12–0.73). Taken together, the findings indicate that the CDI is an adequate instrument for screening depressive symptoms in Brazilian children exposed to catastrophes, although its behavioral and somatic subscales require revision. The ConViver program, while not proving effective for reducing depressive symptoms, fulfills a relevant role as a mental health promotion and prevention intervention, acting on protective factors such as positive affect and support networks. The 13 improvement observed in some children appears to be explained by the normative course of the disorder and by the beneficial effects of school reopening and the resumption of social bonds in the post-pandemic period. The results reinforce the need for specialized interventions for established depressive conditions and point to the importance of an intersectional perspective in the implementation of psychosocial programs.
Indicadores de delimitação do leito maior sazonal na gestão de áreas protegidas: uma revisão de escopo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-06-01)
Camilo, Daniel Salvaia
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Tonello, Kelly Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3844965971290638
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7920-6006
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8565707810777921
Seasonally inundated environments perform essential ecological functions for biodiversity conservation, flood mitigation, and hydrogeomorphological stability. In this context, the seasonal high-water channel constitutes an important technical reference for the protective delineation of riparian ecosystems. Despite its relevance, legal reforms have replaced this parameter with simplified geometric criteria due, among other factors, to claims regarding the impracticability of objectively delineating such areas. This study aimed to map the methods, indicators, and concepts employed in the delineation of seasonally inundated areas and to analyze their implications for environmental management and land-use planning. A scoping review was conducted following the PRISMA-ScR protocol, combining searches across five scientific databases with reference and citation tracking strategies, resulting in a total of 46 analyzed studies. The findings demonstrated that substantial terminological dispersion hinders both the understanding and protection of these environments and enabled the organization of the identified methods into three methodological groups according to their predominant mode of accessing the inundation phenomenon: hydrogeomorphological approaches, which interpret persistent physical and biological evidence preserved in the landscape; multitemporal remote sensing, which empirically records the occurrence and spatial extent of flooding over time; and hydraulic modeling, which projects potential scenarios under different hydrological conditions. This classification demonstrates that each group captures a complementary dimension of the phenomenon, highlighting that methodological integration through the convergence of multiple lines of evidence enhances the technical consistency of delineation processes and strengthens environmental decision-making in protected areas, while also providing technical support for the application of the in dubio pro natura principle under conditions of uncertainty. Based on these findings, a technical product was developed consisting of a proposed technical resolution and an operational protocol structured into progressive levels of analysis, intended to support environmental licensing, enforcement, and territorial planning procedures, with emphasis on methodological integration, traceability of technical decisions, context-sensitive application, and explicit documentation of uncertainties.
Desafios e perspectivas para a consolidação do PROEJA como política pública: uma análise do PROEJA no Instituto Federal de São Paulo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-06-01)
Castro, Ana Laura da Silva
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Nascimento, Manoel Nelito Matheus
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4486910967478337
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7705182902411256
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Fernandes, Jarina Rodrigues
This dissertation analyzes the challenges and prospects for consolidating the National Program for the Integration of Professional Education with Basic Education in the Youth and Adult Education Modality (PROEJA) as a public policy, based on its implementation at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of São Paulo (IFSP). The study is grounded in the understanding that, although PROEJA was conceived as a policy oriented toward the integration of basic education and vocational education, comprehensive human development, and the guarantee of the right to education for young and adult workers, its implementation within educational institutions is shaped by structural, political, and pedagogical contradictions. The research adopts a predominantly qualitative approach, grounded in Historical-Dialectical Materialism and informed by a historical-critical perspective on education, combining quantitative data on the number of places offered, enrollment rates, and dropout rates with documentary analysis of legislation, institutional documents, and data from the Plataforma Nilo Peçanha (PNP). Semi-structured interviews were also conducted with individuals involved in the management and implementation of PROEJA at IFSP and were analyzed using Content Analysis, based on the methodological contributions of Bardin and Silva and Fossá. The findings indicate that the difficulties involved in consolidating PROEJA at IFSP do not constitute an isolated phenomenon. Rather, they reflect the structural weakening of the policy itself, shaped by its decree-based nature, the discontinuity of government priorities, and the insufficiency of stable funding mechanisms. In the context analyzed, PROEJA tends to occupy a peripheral position, characterized by weaknesses in its institutionalization process and by a significant dependence on the commitment of teachers and administrators directly involved in its implementation. The data reveal low occupancy rates of the places offered and high dropout rates, associated both with the students' concrete living and working conditions and with limitations in the implementation of the policy. The analyses further indicate that student retention is affected by factors such as long working hours, family responsibilities, and the rigidity of institutional regulations. At the same time, the interviews show that strategies such as active outreach, articulation with other networks, curriculum flexibilization, modular course organization, and socio-pedagogical support can contribute to expanding access, retention, and students' chances of academic success. It is concluded that the consolidation of PROEJA as a public policy depends on strengthening its institutionalization, ensuring adequate funding, and developing coordinated strategies capable of making access, retention, and the effective realization of integrated education viable as a right of the working class.
Estimativa da rigidez axial e capacidade de carga de pilares de madeira parcialmente reforçados por materiais compósitos laminados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-06-02)
Jardim, Pedro Ignácio Lima Gadêlha
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Christoforo, André Luis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7623383075429186
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6028687809417062
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4448-6554
Wood is a material widely used in construction since antiquity, commonly found in historical buildings around the planet. As wood is a biodegradable material, historical buildings that use it as a structural typology, without the knowledge of current techniques to ensure the durability of this element, require greater care regarding their protection. Several studies have been observed addressing techniques for strengthening and recovering timber structures, with the use of fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) being a solution of growing interest in the scientific community. A gap was observed in published studies regarding the application of localized FRP reinforcement in timber columns with longitudinal openings. Thus, obtaining an equation to determine the ultimate load and axial stiffness is necessary to make the strengthening method viable. The present study proposed an equation capable of describing the ultimate load of timber columns with longitudinal openings and partial FRP reinforcement, considering multiplying factors related to instability and the confinement effect generated by the reinforcement. Furthermore, a factor for adjusting the axial stiffness was also proposed. For this, a broad parametric study was carried out through finite element method simulations, comprising 1392 models. The following parameters were considered: wood species, column diameter and length, opening proportion, fiber type, number of layers, and FRP spacing. For the model prediction, a 'white-box' evolutionary algorithm was adopted: symbolic regression. This solution was chosen due to its high capacity for data evaluation and physical interpretation, allowing for the topological dynamism of the generated model. The results of the parametric study revealed that the effectiveness of the reinforcement is not universal, being strictly dictated by the dominant collapse mode. In slender members, the application of low FRP rates optimized the structural response by generating local confinement and mitigating early transverse deformations. In contrast, in robust columns, excessive reinforcement demonstrated marginal efficiency due to premature failures induced by stress concentrations at the wood-composite interface. The predictive models generated by symbolic regression show significant statistical robustness (R2 = 0.92 for load capacity) and surpass pre-existing empirical models in the literature by introducing a slightly conservative variance, ensuring that eventual deviations act in favor of structural safety.
Classificação em três classes (normal, bacteriana e viral) em radiografias de tórax usando MobileNetv2 e Grad-Cam
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-06-02)
Almeida, Miguel Felipe de
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França, Celso Aparecido de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4547836128892982
Pneumonia is a respiratory disease of significant clinical and epidemiological relevance, whose initial investigation often involves the analysis of chest radiographs. However, the interpretation of these images can be challenging due to subtle radiographic patterns, overlapping anatomical structures, variations in image quality, and similarities among different pulmonary manifestations. In this context, deep learning techniques have been widely investigated as support tools for medical image analysis. This work aimed to develop and evaluate an automatic system for classifying chest X-rays into three classes: Normal, Bacterial Pneumonia, and Viral Pneumonia, using transfer learning with MobileNetV2, a lightweight convolutional neural network architecture, and visual analysis of predictions through Grad-CAM, an interpretability technique based on activation maps. For this purpose, a public chest X-ray dataset was used and reorganized into three categories based on the original file structure and filename patterns. The images were divided into training, validation, and test sets, resized to the MobileNetV2 input format, and submitted to a preprocessing workflow compatible with the adopted architecture. The training process was conducted in two stages: initially with the convolutional base frozen and, subsequently, with partial fine-tuning of the final layers of the network. The model performance was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, confusion matrix, and a complementary analysis with a calibrated decision threshold. On the test set, the MobileNetV2 model achieved an accuracy of 80.13%, with the best performance observed for the Bacterial Pneumonia class and greater difficulty in distinguishing between the Normal and Viral Pneumonia classes. The complementary analysis with the calibrated threshold increased the accuracy to 80.45%, representing a slight improvement over the baseline model. In addition, the Grad-CAM maps made it possible to observe the image regions that most influenced the network decisions, contributing to a qualitative analysis of the predictions. The results indicate that the proposed approach is technically feasible as a support method for multiclass chest X-ray classification, combining satisfactory performance, low computational cost, and visual interpretability. However, the model should not be interpreted as an autonomous diagnostic tool, since it presents limitations related to the dataset, the absence of external clinical validation, and the inherent difficulty of separating visually similar radiographic patterns.
Genomic organization and evolutionary dynamics of repetitive sequences in Cathartidae (Aves, Cathartiformes)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-06-02)
Oliveira, Iago Santos de
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Cioffi, Marcelo de Bello
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lattes.cnpq.br/0242034365085727
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4340-1464
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6001034472222760
In this study, we examined how repetitive DNAs influence chromosomal diversification and genome architecture in New World vultures (Cathartidae), a lineage distinguished by exceptional karyotypic stability (2n = 80). We examined five species and three distinct populations of Coragyps atratus using a combination of low-coverage genome sequencing, satellite DNA and repetitive DNA profiling, and in situ and in silico mapping. We found significant diversity in repeat composition between species and populations despite consistent chromosome structure, primarily due to lineage-specific amplification of transposable elements and satellite DNAs. The repeatome was primarily composed of retroelements, particularly LINEs and LTRs, whereas satellitomes exhibited both conserved and rapidly evolving families. Some satellite DNA groups exhibited population-specific divergence, indicating rapid turnover, whereas others were common across all species. The predominant occurrence of satellite DNAs, evidenced by in situ and in silico mapping, in centromeric and pericentromeric regions suggests their structural role in chromosome organization. However, changes in repeat distribution and abundance occurred without notable chromosomal rearrangements, indicating a disjunction between karyotypic evolution and repeat dynamics. Our findings emphasize the necessity of integrating genomic and cytogenetic methodologies to understand genome evolution, illustrating that repetitive DNA serves as a principal catalyst for genomic diversity in birds and demonstrating that substantial genomic innovation can transpire within conserved chromosomal structures
Ensino das funções periódicas com experimento prático e aplicação da transformada de Fourier na modelagem de dados no ensino médio-técnico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-06-03)
Schmitt, Jose Claudemir
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Garcia, Raphael de Oliveira
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/1108249683067698
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/9169982250276549
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Massago, Sadao
In the search for alternative means for teaching mathematics, modeling persists as one of the most effective actions, with the purpose of modeling real-life situations, obtaining equations that allow simulating certain phenomena. Attributing this ideology to this ideology, this work presents the use of trigonometric functions, more specifically the Fourier transform, through an experiment, to obtain characteristic signals of vibration amplitude in dynamic systems. This is a low-cost experiment, applicable in high school/technical education, through a pedagogical practice. In the search for works focused on teaching periodic functions of the type sense and cosine, a systematic review was carried out, identifying the absence of publications of works that are directly related to periodic functions with the Fourier transform in high school/technical education. However, in the systematic review, a large number of publications of works using the Fourier series and transform in various applications in the branches of science and engineering in solving characteristic problems of signals. The method employed in this work was based on an experiment that uses equipment to generate characteristic vibration signals. Initially, a spreadsheet was used to work with known periodic functions, gradually evolving to the experiment with more specific applications in vibration signals. The study contributes to the pedagogical practice that allows the student to learn periodic functions of the sine and cosine type, initially applying the basic concepts of the functions, which can be compared to real situations with the use of the spreadsheet. The proposed pedagogical practice aims to contribute to the teaching of sine and cosine functions with the application of the practical experiment, allowing the student to identify the use of mathematics in specific or real applications.
Estratégias e efetividade da gestão da Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) no período de 2021 a 2025
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-06-03)
Sentanin, Elisangela Possato
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Almeida, Luiz Manoel de Moraes Camargo
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/5053214724598522
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4707527410265750
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Neto, Mário Sacomano
This research analyzes the budget management of the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), focusing on budget centralization within a multicampus structure in a context of fiscal constraints and instability in financial execution during the period from 2021 to 2025. The study is based on the problem of understanding to what extent the university’s budget insufficiency results from inequalities in the distribution of resources among Federal Higher Education Institutions (IFES) and how centralized budget management has responded to this scenario, considering its strategies, levels of effectiveness, and main obstacles. The research adopts a qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive approach, grounded in participant observation, combined with documentary analysis and the use of institutional data from UFSCar and national databases, such as data systematized by Associação Nacional dos Dirigentes das Instituições Federais de Ensino Superior (ANDIFES) [National Association of Directors of Federal Higher Education Institutions]. The analysis was conducted based on analytical categories, especially occurrences, strategies, effectiveness, and obstacles, allowing for an integrated interpretation of budgetary dynamics during the analyzed period. The results show that budget centralization has consolidated itself as the predominant governance strategy, contributing to control, resource rationalization, and mitigation of fiscal risks. However, its effects on effectiveness appear ambiguous, since, while it ensures budgetary discipline, it also limits the autonomy of units, administrative flexibility, and the capacity to adapt to institutional demands, especially in the multicampus context. Furthermore, the research demonstrates that budget insufficiency does not result exclusively from internal management factors, but is also associated with structural constraints related to resource distribution within the federal higher education system. In this sense, the effectiveness of budget management is understood as a relational phenomenon resulting from the interaction between external funding constraints, institutional strategies, and internal organizational dynamics. As a contribution, the study offers an integrated analysis of budget management in multicampus universities, proposing elements to improve decision-making processes, informational controls, and resource allocation, aiming to promote greater effectiveness, transparency, and equity in public university administration.
Limites ambientais da produção de leite no Brasil: avaliação comparativa de métodos de Sustentabilidade Ambiental Absoluta
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-06-03)
Silva, Daiane Vitória da
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Silva, Diogo Aparecido Lopes
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/1101747760784249
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7514-7467
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/3534501432395656
Current production and consumption patterns overload ecological systems and push the Earth beyond the Holocene. In this context, integrating Planetary Boundaries (PB) into Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) termed Absolute Environmental Sustainability Assessment (AESA) transcends relative per-product evaluations by measuring impacts against absolute limits. The objective of this thesis was to adapt and apply AESA to dairy production systems in Brazil to analyze targets for absolutely sustainable production. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) identified 42 empirical articles grouped into three clusters of AESA methods: LCIA-based method (51% of articles), PB-based method (21%), and ES-based method (16%). These methods were adapted and applied to free-stall, compost barn, and semi-confined systems. In the LCIA-based method, five impact categories (climate change, acidification, particulate matter formation, and freshwater and marine eutrophication) were analyzed via LCA using the Environmental Footprint method; in the PB-based method, elementary flows were multiplied by characterization factors (climate change, ocean acidification, and biogeochemical flows of phosphorus – P and nitrogen – N). Carrying capacity was allocated using Ability to Pay (ATP) and equal per capita (EPC) approaches combined with economic value (EV). In contrast, the ES-based method confronted demand (LCA impacts) with the supply of ecosystem services. The SLR indicated that the LCIA-based method stands out for its ease of application, the PB-based method requires greater analytical effort to report data in PB metrics, and the ES-based method offers greater scale flexibility and geographic resolution, although constrained by supply data. In the application using the LCIA-based method, all systems proved unsustainable for climate change regardless of allocation. Conversely, free-stall and compost barn systems were sustainable in the acidification and biogeochemical P flow categories, whereas the confined system only achieved sustainability in acidification under EPC+EV allocation. The worst performance occurred in the ES-based method, where most systems were unsustainable; only the semi-confined system achieved sustainability in N and P cycling categories. The findings pointed to impact reductions of up to 178-fold to operate within carrying capacity, a scenario that tends to generate economic viability challenges and encourages the adoption of more regenerative approaches. Thus, while improvement in LCIA and PB methods relies on reducing absolute impact, the ES-based method additionally demands an increase in carrying capacity.
Efeito da fertilização e da precipitação no crescimento de dez espécies de plantas não-arboreas do Cerrado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-06-03)
Galindo, Vinicius
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Sanglade, Lucas Dias
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/2098982131643266
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4610-6041
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Boschi, Raquel Stucchi
Ecological restoration of the Cerrado biome faces challenges related to the high functional diversity of species, environmental degradation caused by land-use change, and invasion by exotic grasses. Despite the increasing number of restoration initiatives in savanna ecosystems, studies investigating the effects of fertilization on the growth of native non-arboreal species, particularly herbaceous and shrubby species, remain scarce. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the effects of fertilization and precipitation on the growth of native non-arboreal Cerrado species in a restoration area located in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Five shrubby species—Aldama arenaria, Campomanesia adamantium, Cochlospermum regium, Psidium australe, and Solanum lycocarpum—and five herbaceous species—Ananas ananassoides, Andropogon leucostachyus, Aristida jubata, Imperata brasiliensis, and Loudetiopsis chrysothrix—were analyzed. Individuals were monitored monthly over an 18-month period in plots subjected to two treatments: no fertilization and NPK fertilization. The relative growth rate in volume (RGRᵥ) was analyzed using linear mixed-effects models with random intercepts for each individual, including final interval volume, fertilization treatment, and accumulated precipitation between growth intervals as fixed effects. The results showed that most species exhibited responses primarily associated with individual size, whereas the effects of fertilization were species-specific. Precipitation influenced growth differently among species, resulting in positive, negative, or non-significant responses. The functional forms that best described the relationship between relative growth and volume varied among linear, logarithmic, and quadratic models, highlighting distinct ecological growth strategies. Overall, the results indicate that the growth of non-arboreal Cerrado species is mainly driven by functional traits and environmental conditions, suggesting that ecological restoration strategies should account for the ecological and ontogenetic particularities of the species employed.