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Áudio imersivo: da estereofonia ao ambisonics
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-14)
Nobre, Gabriel
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Nespoli, Eduardo
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0482744763085170
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8613-1949
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4993285857361743
This undergraduate thesis investigates immersive audio recording and sound diffusion techniques through the study of Ambisonics technology. The research aims to understand the evolution of sound capture, processing, and reproduction technologies. Since the beginning of phonographic recording, the pursuit of expanding human auditory perception within physical space has driven audio engineering toward the research and development of systems more complex than those associated with monophonic and stereophonic sound diffusion. Currently, this trajectory is manifested in immersive sound diffusion, also referred to as three-dimensional (3D) audio. Technologies based on the Ambisonics protocol propose a fundamental shift: rather than encoding signals directly for specific loudspeakers, the sound field is represented through spatial axes, taking into account mathematical models associated with a three-dimensional spherical space. The results of this research indicate that Ambisonics technology fundamentally differs from traditional multichannel systems because it is based on the vector-based encoding of coordinates within a virtual spherical field, rather than on the distribution of sound energy among fixed loudspeakers. This characteristic enables its application in areas such as cinema, virtual reality gaming, electroacoustic music, and contemporary composition.
A tradução audiovisual: uma análise comparativa de títulos de filmes do inglês para o português segundo a teoria funcional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-14)
Duarte, Beatriz Coelho
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Martins, Sabrina de Cássia
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/1243693254551642
;
Nogueira, Luciana
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/7475342844385424
This study focused on investigating audiovisual translation based on Christiane Nord’s functionalist theory. To this end, ten American film titles and their translation process from English into Portuguese were analyzed. Considering a film title as a text whose function is predominantly instrumental and appellative, the study examined how translation choices respond to extratextual factors, such as market demands and the expectations of the target audience within the target culture. A comparative and contrastive analysis was conducted between the original titles and their respective translations and adaptations for the Brazilian context. The research adopted a qualitative approach: on the one hand, a bibliographic review was carried out to provide the theoretical framework; on the other, the selected corpus was analyzed. The findings indicate that the abandonment of literal equivalence in favor of cultural adaptation and marketing strategies is a recurring practice aimed at ensuring both communicative effectiveness and commercial appeal in the Brazilian audiovisual market.
Nucleação nas escolas urbanas da rede estadual de São Carlos - Consciência social de identidade e do direito à terra e território
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-14)
Monaco, Michele Cristina Colombo
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Santos, Maria Cristina dos
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/1095065753077001
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9419225897676511
;
Carvalho, Joelson Gonçalves de
This study investigates how the schooling of students from rural areas is configured in three urban public schools of the state education system of São Carlos, São Paulo, highlighting the tensions, challenges, and rearrangements produced by the process of school nucleation. It is a multiple case study that combines bibliographic research, documentary analysis — especially of the Political-Pedagogical Projects (PPPs) — and the administration of structured questionnaires to the students. The schools were selected on the basis of a mapping of the urban institutions that concentrate the largest number of rural students in the municipality. The investigation is grounded in Historical-Dialectical Materialism, Historical-Critical Pedagogy, the Movement for Rural Education, and studies on school nucleation, in dialogue with the guidelines of Rural Education. The results indicate that, although the schools analyzed are administratively urban, they receive a significant contingent of students from rural areas, whose presence is not always recognized in institutional documents, pedagogical practices, or the school curriculum. The analysis of the PPPs reveals the predominance of a technical-administrative and urban-centered logic, with little attention to the territorial specificities of rural students. The empirical data point to inequalities in participation in extracurricular activities, inconsistencies in the mutual representations between students from rural and urban areas, and widespread lack of knowledge about agrarian reform. The most significant conclusion of this investigation lies in an empirical and measurable finding that challenges the original expectations of the research hypothesis. Starting from the well-established critiques of this model — territorial displacement, weakening of community bonds, curricular decontextualization, and the subsumption of rural experience under the rationality of the urban school — it seemed plausible to expect that rural students would manifest an experience of non-belonging and displacement within the school environment. This expectation was further justified by the fact that urban students themselves, when consulted, expressed the same impression regarding their rural classmates. However, the quantitative observations do not confirm this anticipation. Contrary to the initial assumption, rural students do not report feelings of displacement or non-belonging. It was observed, with statistical robustness, that although these students face objective restrictions on participation and exposure to embarrassment, prejudice, or bullying, they display a relatively more cohesive sense of territorial belonging and a lower subjective devaluation of their place of residence than urban students. The latter, by contrast, reveal greater fragility in their relationship with their own space, which appears as an internal wound, expressed through shame and intra-urban markers of precariousness and social position. There is, therefore, an asymmetrical form of suffering that has not been foregrounded in the literature. The most forceful nuance, however, is that for rural students — who are of particular interest in this study — the suffering that emerges is not that of subjects who recognize themselves as displaced, but of subjects who incorporate asymmetry as part of the ordinary order of school life. The presumed conflict does not come to manifest itself when exclusion is assimilated as normality. The problem, therefore, appears to be deeper and more troubling than the erasure of territorial identity: it concerns the erasure of the very social consciousness of exclusion, operated through the silent conversion of deprivation into habit, inequality into landscape, and territorial subordination into a school normality incapable of producing the conflict that would mobilize indignation and articulate the claim to social rights.
Otimização da produção de melanina por linhagens recombinantes de Escherichia coli
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-14)
Silva, Igor Ribeiro
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Silva, Adilson José da
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/3447469350644179
Melanin is a biological pigment responsible for the coloration of the skin, hair, and eyes in humans and many other organisms. It has numerous biotechnological applications in medicine, pharmaceuticals, environmental technologies, and nanotechnology, owing to its antioxidant properties, its use as a natural colorant, and its potential for the bioremediation of heavy metals. Several microorganisms are capable of producing different types of melanin, and recombinant strains have recently been developed to improve the production of this valuable bioproduct. In this context, the present study proposed the cloning of the Bacillus thuringiensis tyrosinase gene (melBt) into different Escherichia coli strains for melanin production from tyrosine. In addition, several process parameters were evaluated, including the carbon source (with glycerol supplementation enabling the production of up to 2 g/L of melanin), medium supplementation with tyrosine, which resulted in a threefold increase in the final melanin concentration compared with unsupplemented cultures, induction conditions, and additional genetic modifications. These modifications included the expression of genes involved in oxygen uptake (vhb50) and the aromatic biosynthetic pathway (tktA, aroE, and aroD), leading to a substantial increase in melanin production compared with strains lacking these genetic targets. The engineered strains were cultivated in triplicate in baffled shake flasks containing LB medium with or without supplementation under orbital agitation. The results demonstrated a strong influence of the E. coli host strain on melanin production, as well as significant effects of the carbon source and the presence of tyrosine in the culture medium. Furthermore, all of the additional genes evaluated positively affected melanin biosynthesis, allowing the engineered strains to outperform several previously reported microbial melanin production systems. Overall, this work resulted in the development of promising recombinant strains for melanin production and provided important initial insights for further optimization of the production process for this biotechnologically relevant compound.
Vozes em disputa: aporofobia e preconceito linguístico no ensino de língua portuguesa
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-14)
Rinaldi, Tauany
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Míguez, Antón Castro
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/6829358449068280
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/1744067505629857
This study discusses the relationship between aporophobia, linguistic prejudice, and Portuguese language teaching. The aim of the research is to reflect on how discrimination based on social conditions may contribute to the devaluation of certain linguistic varieties and on the implications of this process for education. To achieve this goal, a bibliographical study was carried out based mainly on the works of Adela Cortina, Marcos Bagno, and Paulo Freire. The study argues that linguistic prejudice is not related to the structural characteristics of language itself, but to the social inequalities that exist in Brazilian society. In this context, it highlights the important role of schools both in teaching the standard variety and in valuing linguistic diversity. The study concludes that language education committed to citizenship should provide students with access to the standard variety without devaluing the linguistic varieties they use in their everyday lives.
A experiência do paciente em internação hospitalar: construção e validação de instrumento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-15)
Prieto, Marcela Moreira Nascimento
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Zem-Mascarenhas, Silvia Helena
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0185144417072417
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7753-6725
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/3948226025112227
Patient experience is considered an integral element of quality care and encompasses all interactions that users experience, perceive, and value when seeking care at a healthcare institution. Healthcare professionals and the institution itself shape the impressions formed by patients and their families; thus, the experience is a process that must be prioritized to ensure a positive perception among care recipients. In Brazil—particularly within public institutions—patient experience remains an unfamiliar concept to many professionals, as this perspective shifts the view of the patient to that of a potential source of valuable information regarding care—a concept previously associated primarily with private healthcare or the service sector. In this context, the study seeks to answer the following research question: How can the experience of hospitalized patients be evaluated? The objective of this thesis is to develop and validate an instrument to assess the experience of patients undergoing hospital admission. This is a descriptive, methodological study employing a quantitative approach to develop and validate an instrument for assessing the hospitalized patient experience. The development and validation process comprised seven stages: establishing the conceptual framework; defining the instrument's objectives and the target population; developing items and response scales; selecting and organizing items; structuring the instrument; establishing content validity; and conducting a pre-test. The instrument was structured around three domains: the patient journey, patient safety, and person-centered care. Questions were formulated for each domain to assess the patient's perception of the respective topic. A total of five expert judges evaluated the instrument. General recommendations focused on language, specifically the need to make the instrument more accessible and understandable for the target audience. Consequently, the wording of many items was revised to replace technical terms with more colloquial language. The instrument's title was also modified from "Patient Experience Assessment Instrument" to "Patient Experience Assessment Survey." Consequently, the wording of 19 of the instrument's initial 34 items was modified to ensure better understanding by respondents. Nine items remained unchanged from the first version, and six were excluded. Thus, the final version comprises 28 items: 15 addressing the Person-Centered Care dimension, 7 regarding Patient Safety, and 6 evaluating the Patient Journey. The pre-test phase took place in a pediatric ward at a university hospital in the interior of São Paulo state. The 32 participants (patients' companions) reported having no questions during the survey administration and found it easy to select an answer for each item. Furthermore, all participants considered the survey relevant and comprehensive, noting that it accurately reflected their experience during the hospital stay. All participants agreed that the questions were appropriate for assessing the quality of care as perceived by them. Although there were no questions regarding meaning, it was suggested that the response options—"Strongly Agree," "Agree," "Neither Agree nor Disagree," "Disagree," and "Strongly Disagree"—be changed to alternatives that were easier to understand. 96.8% of participants indicated that the survey adequately represented the experience lived during the hospital stay. Additionally, all participants recommended using the instrument to evaluate the experience.
Sistema de monitoramento e automação de estufa com ESP32 para cultivo de hortaliças
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-15)
Assis, Lukas Farias Martins de
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França, Celso Aparecido de
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/4547836128892982
The cultivation of leafy vegetables and greens in small-scale greenhouses depends on the proper maintenance of environmental variables such as temperature, air humidity, soil moisture, and luminosity. When this control is performed manually, irrigation failures, insufficient ventilation, inadequate lighting, and difficulties in maintaining uniform environmental conditions may occur, compromising plant development and the overall efficiency of the cultivation system. Given the growing appreciation for fresh food produced under more controlled conditions, the development of automation solutions capable of reducing such limitations becomes increasingly relevant. In this context, this work presents the development of a small-scale automated greenhouse based on the ESP32 microcontroller, intended for the cultivation of leafy vegetables and greens. The system continuously monitors the main environmental variables and automatically actuates irrigation, ventilation, and lighting systems based on previously defined limits. To achieve this, sensors and actuators are integrated into an embedded system capable of performing data acquisition, control, and supervision routines. In addition to local automation, the operating data are made available on the ThingSpeak platform, enabling remote monitoring of greenhouse behavior over time. Thus, the work proposes a low-cost solution for protected cultivation, with the potential to improve management regularity, reduce operational failures, and contribute to vegetable production in a monitored and automated environment.
Entre ruínas e fantasmas: as relações entre escritas de si e subjetividade em Bolor, de Augusto Abelaira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-15)
Azevedo, Leonardo
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Míguez, Antón Castro
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/6829358449068280
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/2155612827946176
This study examines Augusto Abelaira's novel Bolor (1968) through the relationship between self-writing and the obliteration of subjectivity, investigating how the novel transforms literary forms traditionally associated with the constitution of the self into experiences of its progressive dissolution. Metaphorically structured according to the biological stages of mould growth–germination, colonisation, and decomposition–the analysis argues that the novel's fragmented narrative accompanies the gradual erosion of subjectivity, reflecting the symbolic, aesthetic, and political effects of life under the Portuguese Estado Novo dictatorship. Drawing upon Michel Foucault's reflections on self-writing, Paul Ricoeur's concept of narrative identity, Maurice Blanchot's discussion of the dissolution of the subject in language, Judith Butler's notion of the precariousness of recognition, and Maria Alzira Seixo's studies of contemporary Portuguese fiction, this dissertation demonstrates that Bolor transforms language into a space of ruin, making the impossibility of self-narration one of its central aesthetic strategies. It concludes that the novel transcends the historical representation of the Salazarist experience to engage with broader debates on the crisis of modern subjectivity, the precariousness of language, and the critical power of literature in the face of processes of subjective erasure.
Explorando descritores moleculares para previsão de bandgaps de materiais cristalinos 2D
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-15)
Reis, Igor Rodrigues dos
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Lima, Matheus Paes
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/1835846543912999
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5389-7649
Among the materials studied in materials science, two-dimensional materials have particularly relevant applications. With the advancement of computational techniques, many of these materials have been theoretically predicted even before their experimental synthesis. Due to the numerous potential applications of two-dimensional materials, it is important to understand electronic properties such as the bandgap. This work proposes investigating ways to predict bandgap values using geometric parameters of materials; for this purpose, molecular descriptors were employed to represent these parameters. For the prediction task, a neural network based on a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) algorithm was used. The descriptors were selected according to the characteristics of the problem. In this work, the chosen descriptors were the Coulomb Matrix, SOAP, and MBTR. Among the studied descriptors, the best performance was achieved using the MBTR descriptor. The Coulomb Matrix descriptor was used as a baseline for comparison with descriptors that are more suitable for the proposed task. The best obtained R2 value was 0.7492, indicating that the model has a good ability to capture the general behavior of the data. The present work shows that there are limitations in training neural networks for bandgap prediction, arising from the size of the database, the distribution of values between the minimum and maximum limits, limitations in representing crystal structures through molecular descriptors, and the techniques employed during network training, among other factors. However, it also demonstrates that this approach has a promising future for bandgap prediction, since databases are continuously expanding, there are ways to overcome descriptor limitations, and more precise neural network tuning can considerably improve prediction quality.
O educar-se em beleza com mulheres em privação de liberdade em uma prisão APAC de Minas Gerais - Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-15)
Nogueira, Vanessa Regina Gonçalves
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Onofre, Elenice Maria Cammarosano
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/9391211432183878
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6080701047379286
;
Rothen, José Carlos
This research had as its general objective to understand how women deprived of liberty, housed in an institution of the Association for the Protection and Assistance to Convicted Persons (APAC), experience and give meaning to educational processes within the social practice of “learning beauty”. Specifically, it sought to: analyze the relationships between education and beauty for women in situations of incarceration; identify educational processes within the social practice of learning beauty promoted in the APAC environment; and examine how women interpret cultural norms of beauty within a context of deprivation of liberty. The study was grounded in an interdisciplinary theoretical framework, articulating concepts of beauty as a social construction and as a device of control; the notion of woman from an intersectional perspective; and education as a practice of resistance and subjectivation. These references enabled an understanding of learning beauty as a social practice traversed by power relations and processes of identity (re)signification. Methodologically, the research adopted ethnomethodology, using participant observation, field diaries, and conversation circles as the main data production procedures. Fieldwork was conducted in a female prison unit within the APAC system, guided by sensitive listening and the shared construction of meanings, in dialogue with participants’ ways of life, narratives, and silences. The analyses revealed that beauty is experienced simultaneously as a mechanism for regulating female bodies and as a space of care, belonging, hope, and identity reconstruction. Practices such as applying makeup, caring for hair, sharing products, organizing spaces, and supporting other women constitute educational social practices through which knowledge, values, strategies for coexistence, and ways of existing in contexts of deprivation of liberty are produced. The findings also showed that the prison environment and the APAC methodology itself establish an ambivalent relationship with beauty, at times linking it to human dignity and appreciation, and at times mobilizing it as an instrument of discipline and control. In contrast, the women develop creative ways of (re)signifying institutional and cultural norms, transforming self-care and care for others into practices of resistance, memory, affection, and projection of possible futures. It is concluded that learning beauty constitutes a social practice that generates educational processes contributing to the affirmation of dignity, identity, and humanity among women deprived of liberty. By highlighting the knowledge produced by historically silenced women, this research broadens the understanding of education and reaffirms the potential of everyday educational practices as forms of resistance, care, and the production of new ways of existing.
Avaliação de manchas de inundação a partir de diferentes técnicas e modelos digitais de elevação para a microbacia do córrego do Gregório em São Carlos-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-15)
Chang, Marquesa
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Anjinho, Phelipe
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/2460723731078507
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0162-2042
;
Bourscheidt, Vandoir
Hydroclimatic events in Brazil and other regions of the world have increased in both intensity and frequency, driven by climate change and urban expansion, which intensifies surface runoff due to soil impermeabilization. The Gregório Stream watershed, located in the central region of the municipality of São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil, has experienced recurrent flooding since the 1930s, resulting in significant socioeconomic losses. Although many other studies have already investigated flooding in the municipality, this study stands out by comparing multiple elevation datasets and simulation models, aiming to identify those that yield the most accurate results and best support urban planning and the development of mitigation plans. In this context, the present study evaluated how the quality of different Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) influenced the performance of HAND and HEC-RAS models in simulating flood extents within the watershed. Global and local DEMs with spatial resolutions of 30, 5, and 1 m were used, and the simulated flood extents were compared with observed flood records provided by the Municipal Civil Defense. In addition to flood extent mapping, the potential of each DEM for delineating the watershed drainage network was also assessed. The evaluation of the drainage networks derived from the different global DEMs identified ANADEM as the most suitable model for representing the watershed hydrography, and it was therefore selected for the subsequent analyses. Regarding the flood simulation models, HAND showed a greater tendency to overestimate flood extents, although it demonstrated considerable effectiveness in identifying flood-prone areas. In contrast, HEC-RAS produced flood maps that more closely matched the observed records, despite requiring a larger amount of input data and calibration parameters. Among the evaluated DEMs, the LiDAR-derived Digital Terrain Model (DTM) yielded results that were most consistent with the flood records from the Municipal Civil Defense, highlighting the importance of high spatial resolution for accurately representing channel topography and simulating flood events. The findings demonstrate that the spatial resolution and quality of DEMs significantly influence flood inundation mapping, and this information is expected to provide a more reliable basis for developing planning and risk management strategies in areas susceptible to extreme hydrological events.
O discurso gerencialista na educação paulista: uma análise crítica do discurso de Renato Feder à luz da Teoria Crítica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-16)
Bandeira, Thaise Proença
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Marcelino, Giovanna Henrique
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/5799491433211576
This research analyzes the public discourses on education by Renato Feder, Secretary of Education of the State of São Paulo, in order to reveal their managerialist bases and how they operate ideologically. The study builds on the premise that the dissemination of managerialism promotes a progressive colonization of public education by corporate principles, which naturalizes market logic and reduces complex educational issues to mere technical dimensions. It investigates, therefore, to what extent these managerial bases express the contemporary dynamics of semi-formation and the “new spirit” of capitalism. To ground the critique, the framework anchors itself in the Critical Theory of Society, mobilizing the concepts of Culture Industry, formation (Bildung), and semi-formation (Halbbildung) described by Theodor W. Adorno and Max Horkheimer, articulated with the formulations of Luc Boltanski and Ève Chiapello regarding the transformations and justifications of contemporary capitalism. From a methodological standpoint, it adopts Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) from Norman Fairclough’s perspective, investigating discourse in its textual, discursive practice, and social practice dimensions. The source material gathers two primary sources: the book Educação para o future (Feder, 2023) and the lecture Atuais desafios da educação, delivered by the secretary in November 2025. The results of the analysis are structured around four fundamental axes: the construction of the manager’s discursive legitimacy; the conception of education as management focused on quantifiable goals and results; the relationship between technology and semi-formation through the platformization and monitoring of teaching; and the construction of the desirable subject aligned with corporate and capital demands. It concludes that the discourse closely approaches the notion of the “new spirit of capitalism” by articulating justifications for promoting the incorporation of the logic of capital into the subjects, as well as produces semi-formation by impoverishing the emancipatory character of the school under the guise of modernization.
Desafios na arquitetura de microfrontends: um estudo de caso com module dederation e uma proposta de validação automatizada de dependências compartilhadas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-16)
Escher, Guilherme Salvador
;
Lucrédio, Daniel
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9090396559596221
The microfrontend architecture proposes to bring to the user interface layer the same decomposition logic that microservices brought to the server: splitting a web application into small modules, maintained by separate teams and integrated at runtime. The idea is appealing because it lets each team evolve its part without depending on the schedule of the others. In practice, however, this autonomy hides a class of problems that recent literature has been characterizing, in particular module integration, shared dependency management, inter-module communication and visual consistency. This work investigates these problems empirically. The starting point was a real production incident: TaqShell, maintained by Taqtile, started showing a blank screen after user login, a single symptom caused by four concurrent technical problems, each one matching a challenge already cataloged in the literature on microfrontends. Investigating that incident motivated the construction of a controlled sample system (mfe-example), in which each phenomenon was reproduced in isolation through four experiments focused on CSS conflict, Shadow DOM isolation, shared-dependency incompatibility and MINOR version compatibility breaks. As a central contribution, a script for automated validation of shared dependencies between host and remote microfrontends is proposed, integrated into a GitHub Actions workflow with cross-repository checkout. The solution closes a gap left by Module Federation itself, which is by design a sharing tool, not a validation tool. Applied to TaqShell, the script revealed six version divergences that the existing pipeline had not flagged, and in an open pull request it detected, in real time, the exact failure mode characterized as Problem 3 in this work, blocking the merge until the fix was applied. The results show that theoretically predicted errors, such as major version mismatch, dependencies missing from the shared scope and duplication of libraries with global state, pass silently through the build and only manifest in the end user’s browser, often with error messages that do not point to the root cause.
Aprendizagem e atrito em interrogativas totais de bilíngues brasileiros em espanhol L2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-16)
Paiva, Graziele Pedroso de
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Arantes, Pablo
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9358415148282183
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9707-8493
This study conducted a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the occurrence of learning and attrition phenomena in bilingualism, using Brazilian Portuguese as L1 and Peninsular Spanish as L2 as the linguistic pair, and examining the intonational contours of yes-no questions produced by three groups of speakers: monolingual Brazilians with no knowledge of Spanish, monolingual Spaniards with no knowledge of Brazilian Portuguese, and bilingual Brazilians who have Spanish as their L2. The analysis drew on data collected — and qualitatively analyzed by Silva and Arantes (2022) — from the three groups of speakers reading excerpts from the adaptation for adolescents of the book Don Quijote de La Mancha. In previous studies (Silva, 2016; Silva and Arantes, 2022a; Silva and Arantes, 2022b), three types of utterances were considered: declarative,wh-questions, and yes-no questions. For this study, the focus is on the latter type. The sentence to be analyzed is “¿Amigo Sancho, tienes miedo?” in Spanish and its translation into Portuguese, “Amigo Sancho, tens medo?”. Based on the results of the undamental frequency (f0) contours obtained in the studies by Silva and Arantes (2022a) using the Praat software, it is observed that Spanish speakers produce a rising contour on the word carrying the nuclear stress, whereas Brazilians produce the contour traditionally described as “circumflex”, in which there is an initial rise aligned with the nuclear stress syllable and a fall aligned with the post-stressed syllable. With regard to bilingual speakers, three groups were observed: a first group that replicates the same contours as native Spanish speakers in their L2 production; a second group that transfers the intonational features of Portuguese to the L2; and a third group that ends up blending the other two types. The results obtained revealed low occurrence of attrition in Portuguese, that is, most of the speakers replicated the typical Brazilian Portuguese pattern. The data were then quantitatively analyzed using the Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) technique to determine the distance between pairs of f0 contours. Based on this analysis, it was possible to observe that the contours transferred from L1 to L2 show greater variability than those found in the L1 of Brazilian monolinguals and that the qualitatively typical L1 contours are quantitatively more variable than those produced by native Brazilians.
Identidades polinomiais para a álgebra de Grassmann
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-16)
Grytz, Vítor do Vale
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Fagundes, Pedro Souza
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/3700587815257392
In this work, we study algebras with polynomial identities (PI-algebras), with particular emphasis on the polynomial identities of the Grassmann algebra. To this end, we develop the necessary background on algebras, free algebras, and T-ideals. In addition to the polynomial identities of the Grassmann algebra, we also present the polynomial identities of the matrix algebras M2(K) and Un(K). Furthermore, we study the T-ideal of commutative algebras and, finally, present a basis for the T-ideal of the Grassmann algebra.
Utilização do trigo sarraceno para mobilizar fósforo de fosfato de rocha para a produção de feijão comum
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-16)
Domingos, Maria Rita Zuza
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Mariano, Eduardo Dal Ava
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/0465944663357275
Highly weathered soils from tropical regions have low availability of phosphorus (P) to plants, disfavoring agricultural production, making it necessary to use phosphate fertilizers, due to the high adsorption of P to soil constituents, but the continuous application of these can promote accumulation of P in forms not very available to plants, in addition to causing environmental impacts. Triple superphosphate (ST) is the main industrial source of P used in agriculture, due to the high concentration of this element and high solubility, but the use of P can be limited due to nutrient adsorption processes in the soil. Therefore, it became necessary to adopt forms that would increase the efficiency of the use of P in agricultural systems, such as the use of natural phosphate (FN) sources and green fertilization. In the case of natural phosphates, the supply of P is gradual throughout the development of the crop. Considering green fertilization, it is understood that buckwheat has a high capacity to solubilize phosphates, mobilizing poorly available forms of this element. Therefore, this crop was used to make P available to carioca beans, a characteristic culture because it has a low capacity to mobilize poorly available forms of P in the soil, and this element is essential in its development. The objective was to evaluate the effect of buckwheat biomass on the absorption of P from a FN by carioca beans. In the first trial, the soil incubation was carried out, an ortic Quartzarenic Neosol, with sources of ST and FN, in which the concentration of P and the biomass of buckwheat was evaluated, with or without the planting of buckwheat. After cultivation, its biomass was cut, incorporated into the soil and incubated until its decomposition, and was later used for the cultivation of the bean. In the second test, the biomass of the aerial part, root, leaf length and pod production were evaluated, comparing triple ST and FN, in the presence or absence of buckwheat biomass to the soil, and a source without the addition of P. The results indicated that the ST showed higher performance than the FN in all the variables analyzed, the incorporation of buckwheat biomass did not promote a significant increase in the availability of P for the carioca beans.
Existência de soluções para problemas elípticos não lineares com condições de Neumann e Dirichlet-Neumann via metodo variacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-16)
Silva, Vinicius Marques da
;
Rodrigues, Rodrigo da Silva
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9606661651573155
;
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6811-7625
;
http://lattes.cnpq.br/2074927889032559
The objective of this master's dissertation is to study, under specific assumptions, the existence and nonexistence of weak, nontrivial, and nonnegative solutions to a nonlinear elliptic problem subject, initially, to Neumann boundary conditions and, subsequently, to mixed Neumann–Dirichlet boundary conditions. To this end, we employ classical variational methods from the literature, such as the Mountain Pass Theorem and Mizoguchi’s Theorem, together with fundamental tools from functional analysis. Initially, we investigate the multiplicity of solutions for the problem under Neumann boundary conditions, using the Palais–Smale condition to obtain compactness. Next, we analyze a version of the problem with slightly different assumptions and functional setting, in which compactness is ensured through the Cerami condition. Finally, we study the linear case of the same problem endowed with mixed boundary conditions, namely, Neumann conditions on part of the boundary and Dirichlet conditions on the complementary part.
Análise comparativa de controladores PID, lógica fuzzy e redes neurais aplicados ao controle de velocidade de motor de corrente contínua sob variações de carga
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-16)
Vicente, João Gabriel de Abreu
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França, Celso Aparecido de
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/4547836128892982
This work presents the development and comparison of conventional PID, Fuzzy-PID, and Neural-PID controllers applied to the speed control of a direct current motor subjected to reference changes and load variations. The study aimed to evaluate whether adjusting the PID gains through fuzzy logic and a neural network could improve system performance compared with the use of fixed gains. Initially, the main electrical and mechanical parameters of the experimental setup were identified and used to obtain the mathematical model of the motor and to perform simulations in MATLAB. The controllers were evaluated in eight simulated scenarios involving different load levels, successive reference and disturbance changes, and parametric variations of the plant. Subsequently, the three methods were implemented in LabVIEW and experimentally evaluated in six scenarios using a data acquisition device, an analog output conditioning circuit, and a virtual load inserted into the control signal path. The comparison was based on metrics such as rise time, settling time, overshoot, maximum speed drop, recovery time, integral error indices, and control effort. In the simulations, the Fuzzy-PID and especially the Neural-PID showed advantages in disturbance rejection, damping, and robustness against plant variations. In the experimental tests, the conventional PID produced faster responses in several events, whereas the intelligent controllers showed specific advantages through overshoot reduction, lower control signal variation, and more damped responses. It is concluded that none of the methods was superior under all evaluated conditions. The PID controller proved suitable for operating conditions close to its nominal tuning and for applications that prioritize speed and simplicity, while the Fuzzy-PID and Neural-PID presented advantageous characteristics when smoother responses, gain adaptation, and lower sensitivity to certain operating changes are required
Educação ambiental no ensino de Física Térmica: uma análise dos livros do PNLD 2026 à luz da BNCC
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-17)
Messias, Mariana Paula Martins
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Souza, James Alves de
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/2212240621620011
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https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0112-8332
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/6114357180488505
Environmental Education is a cross-cutting theme established by Brazilian educational legislation and by the National Common Curricular Base (BNCC), requiring different fields of knowledge to contribute to students’ scientific, civic, and socioenvironmental education. In this context, Thermal Physics has considerable potential for discussing phenomena related to energy transformations, climate change, the use of fossil fuels, and energy efficiency. Accordingly, this study aimed to analyze how Thermal Physics contents presented in Physics textbooks approved by the 2026 National Textbook and Teaching Materials Program (PNLD) incorporate the principles of Environmental Education and promote contextualized and critical learning about contemporary environmental issues. The research is qualitative in nature and based on documentary analysis, adopting Bardin’s Content Analysis as its methodological framework. The corpus consisted of the textbook collections Física por Toda Parte and 360° Física, analyzed in light of the conceptual foundations of Thermal Physics, the principles of Critical Environmental Education, and the guidelines established by the BNCC and the Pedagogical Framework of the PNLD 2026. The material exploration was organized into three analytical dimensions: conceptual, didactic-pedagogical, and formative. These dimensions enabled the identification, coding, and interpretation of recording units related to content organization, conceptual accuracy, teaching strategies, the integration of Environmental Education, and the alignment with the competencies and skills established by the BNCC. The results indicate that both textbook collections have the potential to promote the integration of Thermal Physics and Environmental Education, although through different pedagogical approaches. The Física por Toda Parte collection incorporates environmental discussions more consistently throughout the development of scientific concepts, whereas 360◦ Física concentrates these discussions mainly in text boxes, supplementary texts, and contextualization activities. The analysis also identified terminological inconsistencies, particularly concerning the concept of heat, in both collections, although these occurred more frequently in Física por Toda Parte, highlighting the need for greater conceptual rigor in the development and revision of these teaching materials. It is concluded that the educational potential of textbooks depends not only on the inclusion of environmental themes but also on how these themes are integrated into conceptual development and on the critical mediation provided by teachers. In addition to answering the research question, this study demonstrates the contributions of Bardin’s Content Analysis as a methodological approach for investigating educational materials, reinforcing its relevance for initial teacher education and for the critical evaluation of resources used in Physics teaching.
Compensação de deriva térmica de encoder magnético analógico via software aplicada a compressor hermético para análise de diagrama P-V
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2026-07-17)
Valvassore, Felipe Andriotti
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Araujo, Luis Antonio Oliveira
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http://lattes.cnpq.br/3639906702064630
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1117-0094
The construction of experimental PV diagrams is fundamental for the reliability analysis of hermetic compressors, since it enables the quantification of the work required by the process the identification of heat transfer losses, and the diagnosis of inefficiencies in the suction and discharge valves. Proper instrumentation of this system requires accurate measurements of the cylinder pressure and the shaft angular position. In this context, magnetic encoders are widely used due to their high resolution and contactless operation. Although magnetic encoders are subject to different sources of error, such as misalignment, electrical noise, and nonlinearities, as well as limitations in repeatability and reproducibility, this work focuses exclusively on thermal drift, as it is an error that can become predominant in applications subjected to large temperature variations, compromising the thermodynamic fidelity of the experimental P V diagrams. These errors arise from temperature-dependent variations in the sensor response, including changes in the signal amplitude and offset, which distort the calculated angle. This work presents a semi-empirical compensation strategy to mitigate the effects of thermal drift in analog magnetic encoders via software. The approach is based on the generation of reference curves under controlled temperature conditions, using a bivariate polynomial regression model of the shaft angle and temperature. The results demonstrate how this thermal phenomenon significantly affects the encoder measurements, particularly at elevated temperatures, leading to severe distortions in the PV diagrams. The application of the proposed method proved to be essential for measurement reliability, since thermal drift can shift the power calculation by approximately 4.25%. This level of error is critical, as it compromises the accuracy of loss segregation and energy efficiency analyses.