É viável uma proposta de audiolivro para o autocuidado de idosos com pé diabético?

Abstract

Most people with Diabetes Mellitus (DM) are at increased risk for developing foot problems due to poor treatment adherence. Complications of both DM and person with diabetic feet impact the quality of life. The aged are prominent among with the greatest involvement of the disease and its complications. Care strategies in primary care are important for the prevention and promotion of care, and the use of technological resources associated with the sociocultural reality of the population can facilitate. Objective: To know the seniors with Diabetes type 2 and diabetic foot of a Basic Health Unit and to verify how they perform the self-care. Methodology: A study with a qualitative, descriptive, exploratory approach and with emphasis on the analysis of thematic content. All ethical principles have been applied. The study was carried out in a city in the state of São Paulo with seven seniors, between September 2017 and March 2018. A semi-structured questionnaire for data collection was developed and applied, characterizing the senior’s profile and the care process. The inclusion criteria were: to be a UBS user, to be elderly with DM2 and to have diabetic foot (the MMSE and the Whispering Test were applied). Results: The participants were 4 women and 3 men, median age 63 and 73 years respectively. Both with low schooling and mostly married. Participants indicate the bathroom and living room as the most commonly used sites for self-care. They use soap, brush and moisturizers as their primary materials, and have available home radio and television as technological support equipment they can use to listen and receive care guidelines. Everyone is unaware of what it is, and how to use an audiobook, and has little access to the acquisition, use and handling of more technological equipment. The initial proposition of constructing an audiobook as a tool to aid the participants' health education was not practicable. Conclusion: The impossibility of the initial proposal of the audiobook as a care aid tool for this group was verified and confirmed by professionals in the area of image and sound. It was decided as an alternative proposal for this study to use the available resources of the participants, radio and television, and a sequence of six programs of orientation on the subject of study was organized with local radio to cover the study population and others with similarities with DM type 2 and with diabetic foot complications.