Análise da composição química da Typha domingensis e quantificação de glicose gerada a partir de hidrólise ácida

Abstract

The search for materials and fuels from renewable sources is a widespread alternative and have been intensified over the past few years. One of the most studied material is a renewable bio-polymer from the most varied sources and more abundant in nature, called cellulose. Studies have been performed in order to extract the maximum potential of this material, which is mostly being used as structural reinforcement in thermoset panels (composite) by the automotive and aerospace industry, in the manufacture of fabrics using sisal fiber, for example, and energy source, is the in-kind form or after physicalchemical treatments. Lignocellulosic biomass consists primarily of cellulose (glucose-glucose dimer, cellobiose called), hemicellulose and lignin. As a result of the process of controlled acid hydrolysis of cellulose is obtained various products, including saccharides that can be recovered or treated to obtain fuels. The generation of energy from biofuels is a huge leap toward energy sustainability, since this energy is renewable. By suggesting solutions that are not dependent on finite capacities of our planet, we are demonstrating beyond real need for an alternative to this problem, an environmental sensitivity that until recently rarely watched the top of the list of priorities. The central objective of this work is the analysis of the chemical composition of a plant studied by our research group, the Typha domingensis, quantifying the presence of glucose after controlled acid hydrolysis process and verify its possible potential for recovery of saccharide or biofuel production from the same. Using the experimental design techniques to determine the most favorable experiments line, and two quantification methods, a novel and other traditional, obtained as a result of the identification of the presence of glucose after hydrolysis process to obtain whiskers from the young sample of macrophyte Typha domingensis. It was possible to obtain an amount of residual solution after removal of fibrils containing glucose at concentrations near 0.5 g.L-1. These results revealed a percentage of valuable products with the potential to be exploited.