Incidência da ferrugem do eucalipto (Eucalyptus urograndis) em diferentes arranjos agroflorestais
Abstract
Considered one of the main eucalyptus diseases, rust (Puccinia psidii) can cause serious
damage to the crop if adequate management strategies are not implemented. In general, there
is eucalyptus monoculture, with important epidemiological implications, given the fact that
the spatio-temporal dynamics of the disease is affected by the distribution of the culture in the
field. There is no information in the literature about the development of rust in consortium
condition, such as in an agroforestry system. The aim of this study was to compare the rust
progress in eucalyptus intercropped with different species, under natural infection conditions.
The experiment consisted of three treatments, arranged completely randomly in space. In each
treatment the eucalyptus was planted with two different species, namely: T1 - Australian
Cedar (Toona ciliata) + Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus urograndis) + Banana (Musa acuminata); T2
- consortium Amora (Morus celtidifolia) + Eucalyptus + Pupunha (Bactris gasipaes), and T3 -
African Mahogany (Khaya ivorensis) + Eucalyptus + Banana. Each treatment had six
repetitions, totaling 18 plots of 9 m2 (2 m x 4.5 m), arranged in alleys. Plant height and
diameter, disease incidence and severity were analyzed every fifteen days. The data were
collected in two different moments: pre-pruning that was in the period from 08/17/2018 to
09/01/2019 and post-pruning that occurred from 17/04/2019 to 08/13/2019. We used ANOVA
followed by the Tukey test, to evaluate differences among treatments. Eucalyptus presented
better development in height and diameter in the T2 treatment. The intensity of disease was
also significantly lower in T2, both in incidence and severity. The results suggested that the
eucalyptus planted in consortium with Amora + Eucalyptus + Pupunha provided less rust
intensity.
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