Ecologia molecular, variabilidade genética, química e cultivo in vitro de Hesperozygis ringens Benth
Resumen
Hesperozygis ringens, belongs to Lamiaceae s family, it is an aromatic plant native from
the South Brazil with its occurrence restrict south fields mainly in Caçapava do Sul, Alegrete and
São Francisco de Assis. Due some activities agropastoris like continuous cleanness and burning
to the renovation of grassland associate with some factors like low seed efficiency propagation,
these spices are in extinction process. In order to evaluate the effect of these activities at the
extinction process of this plant were used molecular markers RAPD and ISSR to evaluate the
genetic variability, chemical variability of the essential oils and effect of the growing regulators
in the micropropagation. With molecular markers we check a low gene flow between studied
populations, with distinct genetic entities, sharing the samples in isolated clusters from Alegrete,
São Francisco de Assis and Caçapava do Sul, the last one was evaluate in two populations A and
B witch showed a larger gene flow between samples. The chemical variability data were
confirmed by markers RAPD and ISSR, because they shared the populations in two isolated
groups, characterized for to present compounds with low frequency like limonene and linalool in
the São Francisco de Assis population, and the others were not present as sabinene in Caçapava
do Sul. In the in vitro propagation the MS medium showed the best results supplemented with
13.2µM of benzyladenine and 2mg/l of silver nitrate, witch were used to avoid ethylene
accumulation effect. The rooting showed limitation with low efficiency, but was obtained with
carbonized rice back, with ¼ MS supplemented with IBA. Even with hardness the
micropropagation can be an alternative for the propagation and preservations of this endangerous
species. Based in this results of this work were discussed about environmental, evolution and
conservation aspects.