Florística e efeito de borda em fragmentos da floresta ombrófila mista na região de Guarapuava, PR
Resumen
This survey was carried out in a Araucaria Forest of an area of a legal reserve of Três
Capões Farm and Trindade Farm, situated at south central of the state of Paraná, Brazil. The
local climate is the tipe Cfb, don't have a dry season the average temperature is about 18oC at
the more cold month. The average altitude is about 1250m cliff of scarp at 350m at
Guarapuava region. The geomorfology is characterized by conver rill and largue valley
originated on Quaternary. The forest in this study was sampled with transects positionaded at
north, west, south and east, where the floristic surveyed was realized beyond the walk for all
the area. A number of 144 species. The families with the highest number of species was
Lauraceae (8,0%), Myrtaceae (8,0%), Solanaceae (7,2%), Euphorbiaceae (4,8%), Fabaceae
(4,8%) and Verbenaceae (4,8%).
Currently, forests are found as fragments inserted in a variety of matrixes. Hence,
these fragments are under constant influence of the matrixes, fact known as edge effects. This
work investigated the occurrence of edge effectsin the regulation of three Araucaria Forest
fragments located in the south-center region of the Parana state, Brazil. Several approaches
were realized in 12 transects of 4x100 m: floristic survey, density calculations, basal area,
pioneer and secondary species, richness and behavior. A total of 3271 arborescent and
arboreal specimens belonging to 152 species were sampled in the north, south, east and west
side of the three forest fragments. There were no analyzed parameters that resulted in an
expected pattern of edge effects. An ANOVA test was applied to analyze a correlation of the
data with positioning (north, south, east and west) in each fragment. No significant correlation
was detected in the fragments. The results are possibly related to the fact these fragments are
not only under the edge effect, but also to the continous anthropic interference that could
mask the known edge effects through the intensification of such interference farther than the
first meters from the border to the interior of the fragment. This lead to another concern about
this type of fragment because it could means a pure conservation of this vegetation,
considering the small portion of conserved areas and discounted the edge effects.