Avaliação de meios filtrantes com diferentes técnicas de fabricação em filtros de mangas
Abstract
Air pollution by particulate matter has been the subject of study by many researchers,
where they report that these particles can penetrate through the bloodstream causing
serious health problems. To reduce the negative effects of these processes on air quality,
industries need to look for some alternatives to remove or reduce the amount of particulate
matter to be released into the atmosphere. The bag filter is an equipment composed of
non-woven (nonwven) filter elements, which aims to control the emission of these
particles. This fabric, which forms the filter medium, varies according to the particulate
material to be filtered, in order to have a high efficiency in the retention of the particles
along with a low operating cost. Filter media for very fine particles have a high cost,
making it necessary, to reduce the operational cost of the process, to choose the most
suitable filter media for that operation. With that in mind, the present work aims to
evaluate 100% meta-aramid filter media with different manufacturing techniques, one
needled and the other hydroblasted. The purpose is to identify the most suitable filter
medium to be used in the process of filtering gases in a bag filter in the secondary
dedusting stage of pig iron desulfurization in a steel industry. For this, initially the
characterization of the particulate material was carried out (granule distribution, density
and composition), later, the characterization of virgin filter media (porosity, permeability,
fiber diameter, permeability and thickness). The filtration tests performed were according
to the VDI 3926 standard, which evaluated the collection efficiency for nano and
microparticles, for the first and thirty filtration cycles. With the results obtained, it is
shown that the gaps left by the needles during the fabrication process of the needled filter
media, become preferential air paths and thus having greater permeability and porosity.
It was also verified that for the thirty filtration cycles the virgin needled and hydroblasted
filter media showed efficiency of close collections, but the filtration time of the
hydroblasted filter medium was shorter than the needled filter medium, to reach the
maximum pressure. After aging, there was a reduction in permeability and filtration time
of both filter media. However, the hydroblasted filter media showed longer filtration time
and efficiency than the needled filter media.
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