Bioprospecção da atividade antimicrobiana do caldo de fermentação produzido pelo endofítico Paenibacillus terrae isolado de Tabebuia spp. do Cerrado em co-cultivo com Bacillus thuringiensis e Bacillus megaterium
Abstract
As the second largest Brazilian biome, the Cerrado is classified as a “hot spot” for its several
endemic species and the great threat of territorial loss, but its biodiversity is still little known.
In this biodiversity there are endophytic microorganisms, which are in focus for acquisition
and production of secondary metabolites, due to the biotechnological potential identified in
them. The present study sought to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal potential of
Paenibacillus terrae, an endophytic isolated from Tabebuia spp., and also its activity in
co-culture with Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus megaterium, seeking greater bioactivity.
For the microorganisms tested, inhibition halos (mm) of 8.6, 9.4 and 11.4 were detected for
Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, respectively. Against Bacillus
thuringiensis and Bacillus megaterium, no inhibition was detected, probably due to selective
inhibition. Paenibacillus terrae showed better results when co-cultivated with Bacillus
megaterium, against E. coli and S. aureus, with halos of 10.6 and 9.5 mm, respectively. On the
other hand, the co-culture with B. megaterium, against C. albicans, there was no inhibition.
The same happened with the tests of co-culture of P. terrae with B. thuringiensis, against all
tested microorganisms. These results should indicate a greater selective pressure among the
microorganisms tested, generating the presence of inhibition halos. The action of
Paenibacillus terrae was tested in relation to selected antibiotics, amikacin, ampicillin,
carbenicillin, cephalothin, cefepime, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin,
gentamicin, nitrofurantoin, oxacillin, sulfazotrim, teicoplanin, and tetracycline the greatest
inhibitory potentials were against sulfazotrim, chloramphenicol and amikacin, with 37.3, 31.0
and 22.25 mm of inhibition. Carbenicillin, cephalothin, clindamycin and oxacillin did not
inhibit. The data obtained are similar to other works and also indicate the permanence of
microbial susceptibility to most of the tested antibiotics. The bioprospecting of endophytes is
essential for the search for bioactive metabolites since the production of biomolecules can
contribute as biocontrol agents, microbial and parasitic inhibition, as anti-inflammatories and
in industry, pharmacy, medicine and biotechnology.
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