Perspectivas a um manejo sustentável subsidiado pela ecologia humana : o caso da captura do caranguejo-uçá, Ucides cordatus no município de Cananéia - SP - Brasil.
Resumo
The sustainable management should be the principal objective of any proposal to
regulate and to use natural resources. Based on concepts of ecodevelopment and
viable development, the present research evaluated sustainability of mangrove
crab fishing, Ucides cordatus, in municipality of Cananéia, at south of the State of
São Paulo, Brazil; and its management possibilities. Procedures were open
interviews, semi-structured interviewing, directly observing, informal colloquies
and followed trips. Production and measures of crabs captured by traditional
technique completed the research data. Results evaluation included as qualitative
analysis (property rights and management practices) as well quantitative analysis
(RAPFISH method). The history shows this fishing activity as secular and for
subsistence, inserted in market during the 70 decade, and now a days adopting
two conflicting methods: arming and small net . There is a large local
knowledge about abiotics, biotics and supernatural aspects concerning mangrove
crab fishing; but the approach is different between arming and small net
fishermen. The results shows that to reach the sustainability it is necessary to
manage the resource focusing social and economics aspects, creating or fortifying
the local institutions, and proposing feedback mechanisms; to have a more
dynamic and more effective regulation for the mangrove crab fishing.