Subsídios ao planejamento da infraestrutura verde na bacia hidrográfica do Córrego do Gregório (SãoCarlos-SP)

Abstract

The process of urbanization in Brazil, whose foundations are based on pronounced and disordered growth and intense exploitation of natural resources, generates urban flooding as one of its major consequences. In recent decades, there has been a growing recognition of the need to integrate planning with environmental issues in order to reverse outdated urban drainage models. In this context, the concept of Green Infrastructure (GI) has gained prominence as an integrated approach to promoting more sustainable urban development and mitigating problems related to urban water. The objective of this research is to analyze how the concept of Green Infrastructure has been addressed in the Hydrographic Basin of stream do Gregório (São Carlos, SP), focusing on academic production, journalistic media, and landscape understanding to provide inputs for planning. To this end, academic production on the stream Gregório Hydrographic Basin was analyzed over the past 20 years, with a focus on drainage and urban water issues. 91 works, including articles, theses, and dissertations, were identified, with analysis focusing on 34 published articles. A documentary survey of journalistic media over the last 10 years was also conducted, identifying 101 news items. Of these, 31 news items relate to flood events, 28 news items cover the works carried out in the basin, and 42 news items encompass general themes such as the damages and losses caused by floods and the resources and studies developed. The understanding of the current landscape dynamics in the basin focused on GI planning and the potential Free Space System (FSS). The methodology included macro landscape analysis based on a proposed GI and FSS-based cartography, as well as visual landscape analysis through photographs focusing on the pedestrian scale. The basin was divided into 5 sections considering the specificities of the landscape. Additionally, plans and projects developed for the basin were identified, considering proposals against floods from the current administration and unrealized projects. Based on the proposed analytical axes, the research highlights a growing trend in scientific studies and projects for the basin that emphasize Green Infrastructure as a suitable approach to mitigate issues related to urban production and planning. However, this trend is not reflected in flood-related news in the local media. The analysis of the current landscape emphasizes the increasing soil impermeability, particularly through new developments, while also recognizing potential spaces for the implementation of a Free Space System and Green Infrastructure in the basin. It is hoped that this will contribute to planning inputs and broaden the perspective on the landscape, encouraging actions that bring nature and the urban environment closer together in the face of territorial complexity.