Compreensão emocional: uma proposta para educação física na educação infantil

Abstract

Advancement in knowledge of emotional aspects has become a pedagogical demand in the post-social isolation context. However, the concern lies in treating the subject in a meaningful way, overcoming superficial practices. Understanding that Physical Education can prove to be a promising space to address the theme of emotions and that it considers the individual in all its complexity – covering motor, social, cognitive and emotional aspects –, it was proposed to develop a teaching unit that explored emotional understanding. The objective of the present study is to analyze the process of developing and implementing a teaching unit on emotional understanding in Physical Education classes for Kindergarten Education students. The research, of a qualitative nature, adopted the action research method, in which 15 classes were implemented based on the emotions of joy, fear, sadness, disgust, surprise and anger. 20 students regularly enrolled in Kindergarten Education participated in the study. The data collection instruments included a questionnaire administered individually before and after the implementation of the didactic unit; in addition to the class diary fed from the impressions of participation and recording of images; and records produced by students through oral speech and drawings. Data from class diaries, student records and questionnaires were organized and analyzed qualitatively, through content analysis. The results demonstrate that the didactic unit, through observation, imitation and naming of expressive cues, together with reflection on the events or situations in each story and/or game that resulted in each emotion addressed, brought beneficial aspects to the progression of emotional understanding of students, especially in the recognition and external cause components. As an educational product, an authorial book was organized, containing part of the didactic unit applied in the study, in addition to organizing one book per student, with their individual productions forming an emotional book.