Prevalência, fatores associados à dor e qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde em pessoas que vivem com HIV/aids

Abstract

People living with HIV/aids have several persistent symptoms that develop during the course of illness, with pain being one of those symptoms that may be related to changes in health and mood-related quality of life. The objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence of pain in 302 people living with HIV / AIDS, aged between 18 and 59 years old, who were treated at a specialized care service in a city in the interior of the state of São Paulo, and analyzed their relationship with depressive symptoms and health-related quality of life. A sociodemographic questionnaire, a clinician, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the Brief Pain Inventory and the HIV/Aids Targeted Quality of Life were used as instruments. The data collection period occurred from January to July 2017. Concerning pain, 59.27% of the subjects reported pain, of mild intensity, recurrent in the region of the head and with interference in mood. Pain was significantly correlated with sex (p = 0.0038), schooling (p = 0.0001), time of antiretroviral treatment (p = 0.0448), prevalence of depressive symptoms (p <0.0001), quality (p <0.0001), health concern (p <0.0001), financial concern (p <0.0001), HIV acceptance (p = 0.0021), life satisfaction), concern about secrecy (p = 0.0021) and sexual activity (p = 0.0009). As for multiple logistic regression, the increase in one point in the overall score of the HIV/Aids Targeted Quality of Life instrument decreased the chance of pain reports (OR = 0.96, p <0.0001) by 4%. Women had a 79% higher chance of reporting pain (OR = 1.79, p = 0.03) and when the variable health-related quality of life was disregarded, women reported 89% more pain than men (OR = 1.89, p = 0.017). On the levels of this pain, women were 2.07 times more likely to report moderate or severe pain than men (OR = 2.07, p = 0.014). As for schooling, people living with HIV / AIDS with a higher level of school education presented a 35% less chance of reporting pain (OR = 0.65, p = 0.922). People living with HIV / AIDS who scored ≥ 9 on the PHQ-9 instrument had a chance to report 2.11 times greater than those who scored <9 (OR = 2.11, p = 0.004) and 2, 48 times more likely to be moderate and severe (OR = 2.48, p = 0.002). People living with HIV / AIDS above 49 years of age presented complaints of pain ranging from moderate to severe, approximately 4 times more than young people (reference ≤ 29 years) (OR = 3.85, p = 0.008). As income increased, there was a decrease in the claim for moderate and severe pain (OR = 0.21, p = 0.038). In general, we can conclude that the prevalence of pain in the studied population is related to a worse level of health-related quality of life and to the development of depressive symptoms.