Fatores críticos de sucesso e barreiras para implantação de sistemas APS em empresas de bens de capital

Abstract

The increasing complexity of manufacturing environments has encouraged the adoption of Advanced Planning and Scheduling (APS) systems to support Production Planning and Control. Despite the relevance of these solutions, their implementation remains underexplored in the literature, especially regarding the critical success factors and barriers that may influence their outcomes. Thus, this study aimed to identify and analyze these elements in capital goods manufacturers. A qualitative approach was adopted, combining a systematic literature review with a multiple-case study conducted in three companies that had implemented APS systems. The review enabled the systematization of 28 critical success factors and 34 barriers associated with the implementation of systems and approaches supporting Production Planning and Control. The findings guided the empirical stage, in which they were compared with evidence obtained through semi-structured interviews, document analysis, and direct observation. The results indicated that APS implementation is a gradual sociotechnical process whose consolidation requires the alignment of organizational, human, process, information, and technology dimensions. System acquisition and go-live do not ensure its effective use, which depends on incorporating production scheduling into organizational routines, continuously improving data and integrations, adapting users to the system, and sustaining it over time. The barriers proved to be interdependent and reflected misalignments between the conditions anticipated in the project, the realities of production, and the organization’s capacity to adapt. The benefits perceived by users included more structured production scheduling, clearer priorities, and closer alignment between planning and execution. As a contribution, this study organizes theoretical and empirical knowledge on APS system implementation and provides, as a technological product, an application for assessing organizational readiness and maturity, identifying weaknesses, and supporting the preparation, execution, and sustainment of APS implementation projects.