Grupos de educação em saúde para gestantes na atenção primária à saúde no brasil: uma revisão integrativa da literatura

Abstract

Introduction: Pregnancy is a period in which uncertainties, fears, and anxieties may emerge, in addition to confrontation with myths lacking scientific evidence and the changes that occur in the social context and, especially, within the pregnant woman’s family environment. Primary Health Care (PHC) is responsible for comprehensive, continuous, and person-, family-, and community-centered care. In this context, educational groups are understood as resources that provide biological, social, and psychological care, creating a space for the exchange of experiences, support, empowerment, sharing of doubts, and strengthening of bonds among pregnant women, family members, and health professionals. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the implementation of Health Education Groups for Pregnant Women in Primary Health Care in Brazil through a literature review. Methodology: The search for theoretical references was conducted in the CAPES Journal Portal, which initially identified 192 studies; of these, 33 were analyzed in depth, and 29 met the inclusion criteria. Results: The findings of the review made it possible to propose updates and suggestions that may contribute to improving the quality of the Ministry of Health’s guiding materials by incorporating new and emerging themes that are still scarcely addressed in pregnancy groups. The studies also showed that these groups contribute to improving the quality of prenatal care, expanding pregnant women’s knowledge, strengthening autonomy and self-care, and including the family in the gestational process. Conclusion: Educational groups for pregnant women in PHC in Brazil are essential tools for promoting a safer and more humanized pregnancy. In this sense, the results of this review support and expand the focus of current policy, demonstrating that pregnancy groups in PHC have the potential to meet contemporary demands proposed by the Alyne Network. Furthermore, the renewal of themes highlights the relevance of integrating Occupational Therapy into this context.