Análise das transações no desenvolvimento de produtos: estudo de caso em uma empresa aeronáutica

Abstract

In the aeronautical industry, aircraft manufacturers demonstrate outstanding ability to develop new and complex products with the participation of important partners, sharing risks with the required investments, taking advantage of complementary knowledge and seeking gains for those involved. On the other hand, the partnerships, governed by contracts, present transaction costs. In this scenario, this research looks at the concepts of Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) the attributes to analyze the transactions that occur during the development of products in an aircraft manufacturer of the Brazilian aeronautical industry. The results of this case study are shown in the final report: transaction costs confirmation for product development are highlighted, indicating which transactions presented the presence or absence of some type of asset specificity, high frequency of exchange and presence of moral hazard in the contracts. For product development theory, this research contributes to the literature, since it relates aspects of transaction costs to the causes of conflicts, misalignments or mistrust present in projects developed in partnerships. For TCE, this study confirms the theoretical assumptions and provides a method for analyzing transaction costs applicable in other empirical studies. Practitioners find in this study the generation of new knowledge that can be used to improve current practice, be it in hiring partners or in defining governance strategies as well. This study addresses issues of relationship with partners that can be managed to reduce transaction costs and consequently increase the competitiveness of product development.