Percepção e adaptação climática na cafeicultura

Abstract

Coffee farming holds great socioeconomic importance in Brazil, the world's leading producer. In southern Minas Gerais, production is predominantly driven by family farmers who face challenges due to climate change. Shifts in weather patterns and temperatures have impacted coffee productivity and quality, necessitating the adoption of adaptation strategies. In this context, this study aims to analyze how climate change is perceived by coffee farmers and to investigate adaptation strategies and factors associated with the resilience of coffee agroecosystems. The first chapter presents a systematic literature review, conducted according to the PRISMA protocol, identifying key methodological approaches used in studies on climate perception in global coffee farming, as well as adaptation strategies and territorial factors influencing farmers' perceptions. The second chapter details a study conducted with coffee farmers affiliated with the Cooperative of Family Farmers of Poço Fundo and Region (COOPFAM) in southern Minas Gerais; it analyzes perceptions regarding the impacts of climate change on production, identifies adaptation strategies, and examines factors contributing to the strengthening of climate resilience in the region. Results from the systematic review indicate that territorial factors, production systems, and socioeconomic conditions directly influence how coffee farmers perceive and respond to climate events. The study with COOPFAM farmers found that key adaptive strategies include crop shading, production diversification, the adoption of new cultivars, and ecological soil management. Integrating farmers' local knowledge with environmental monitoring tools proved significant for understanding the resilience of coffee agroecosystems in the face of climate change, thereby contributing to the development of adaptation strategies better suited to the realities of family farming.