Química verde aplicada à nanotecnologia: estratégias sustentáveis para a síntese de nanopartículas

Abstract

This paper explores the crucial role of nanoparticles within Green Chemistry, pinpointing solutions that reduce environmental harm and foster more sustainable industrial processes. Through a comprehensive literature review, we delve into the core principles of Green Chemistry and the immense potential of nanotechnology. This is especially evident in the use of nanoparticles as catalysts, in effluent purification, and across various industrial and environmental applications. Thanks to their unique nanoscale properties, these particles offer innovative and effective ways to make industrial processes less polluting and more efficient in terms of natural resource use. A key highlight is the emerging field of green nanoparticle synthesis, which leverages natural and biological sources as a promising alternative to more aggressive traditional techniques. The study also underscores the importance of the mindful application of these technologies, considering potential risks to both human health and the environment. We advocate for the establishment of clear guidelines to ensure the long-term safety and sustainability of these practices. By showcasing concrete examples of green synthesis, we can deepen our understanding of nanoparticles' role in Green Chemistry, bridging the gap between theory and practical application and paving the way for sustainable innovation. Furthermore, comparing these green routes with conventional methods clearly demonstrates their transformative potential, particularly when integrated with Life Cycle Assessment and responsible environmental regulation.