Aplicação de óleos vegetais no tratamento de sementes de milho: controle de organismos fitopatogênicos e efeito bioestimulante

Abstract

The application of plant-based oils from Schinus terebinthifolius, Dysphania ambrosioides, and Curcuma longa as sustainable alternatives for maize seed treatment has shown promising results in controlling phytopathogens and promoting biostimulant effects. This study was conducted in two phases: the first involved a bibliometric review of studies indexed on the Web of Science (WoS) platform, focusing on the agricultural use of plant-based oils, particularly from Schinus terebinthifolius, Dysphania ambrosioides, and Curcuma longa; the second aimed to evaluate the antifungal and biostimulant potential of these species in maize seed treatment, testing different application methods (direct contact and fumigation) during 12 months of storage in a cold chamber (10°C, 40% RH) and a non-controlled environment.The bibliometric analysis, based on 215 publications (1978–2024), revealed exponential growth in research, with a focus on C. longa (70.8%), followed by S. terebinthifolius (23.4%) and D. ambrosioides (6.5%). Analysis using VOSviewer software highlighted emerging trends such as "antimicrobial activity" and "pest control," reflecting a shift toward sustainable and eco-friendly agricultural practices. Leading authors and publications originated from Brazil, India, and China. In the experimental phase, fumigation performed better in the cold chamber, achieving 85% germination for C. longa, a 33% reduction in Fusarium sp. incidence, and lower electrical conductivity (23.18 µS/cm) compared to the control. Direct contact was more effective under adverse conditions, particularly for D. ambrosioides, which exhibited 62.7% seedling emergence. Combinations such as C. longa + S. terebinthifolius demonstrated synergism, especially in controlled environments, with 83.5% germination. In conclusion, strategic selection of application methods—fumigation in refrigerated storage and direct contact in non-controlled environments—is critical to optimizing the use of these plant-based oils as sustainable alternatives to agrochemicals, aligning with agroecology and food security principles.