Comparativo entre os censos varietais de cana-de-açúcar dos anos de 2014 e 2024 nos estados de São Paulo e Mato Grosso do Sul

Abstract

This study aimed to conduct a comparative analysis of the 2014 and 2024 sugarcane varietal censuses in the states of São Paulo and Mato Grosso do Sul. The methodology was based on the application of forms to sugarcane mills in these two states, totaling information from 129 mills in 2024, with an area of 4.21 million hectares, compared to 121 mills in 2014, which totaled 3.74 million hectares. The analysis revealed a reduction in varietal concentration, indicating greater diversification in current cultivation, reflecting advances in genetic improvement, which have developed cultivars better adapted to the demands of the sector. The varieties RB867515, RB966928, and RB855156 remained among the most cultivated during the period considered, due to their characteristics of hardiness, adaptation to mechanization, and precocity, respectively. On the other hand, cultivars such as SP81-3250 and CTC15 lost their share due to susceptibility to orange rust, while varieties RB855453, RB92579, RB855536, SP83-2847, and SP80-1842 were replaced by new varieties with better overall performance and better adapted to new growing conditions. During the study period, new cultivars gained ground, notably RB975242, RB975201, RB985476, CTC4, CTC9001, CTC9003, and CV7870. This reflects the contribution of breeding to the sugarcane industry, providing new tools in the ongoing search for productivity gains and greater agronomic efficiency. We conclude that the observed varietal dynamics highlight the continued importance of technological innovation in the sugarcane industry.