Cidades coloniais e industriais na Colômbia e no Canadá: história, identidade e cultura patrimonial

Abstract

Studies in the field of Science, Technology, and Society (STS) have been strongly differentiated by their interdisciplinary theoretical currents and interventionist dimensions developed within the field. Reflections on technological effects, benevolent in the North, but strongly critical in Central and South America, demonstrate the strengthening of opposing discourses. In this sense, this thesis aims to characterize, describe, and analyze the representation of colonial and industrial cities. Heritage culture, in its historical, identity, and cultural dimensions, is a guiding principle. The colonial cities investigated were Popayán and Kingston, and the industrial cities were Cali and Toronto, respectively, located in Colombia and Canada. In this direction, the aim is to analyze the urban transformations of each city as a conjugation of modern discourses, mostly emerging from the historic center, formed around the founding squares (1980-2022). Specifically, the analytical-descriptive methodology and photographic documentation (historical-urban approach) were adopted, used for contrast and analysis to determine the consolidation of the modernization project. The results of the study are presented in chapters that demonstrate the emergence of colonial and industrial cities. The importance of rethinking Latin American realities in the STS field is also highlighted, reversing the mirror from south to north to explore how the social effects of industrialization, but also of colonization, are decisive in defining the cultural and heritage identity that is constantly changing. It is demonstrated that the STS field can contribute, through contrast studies, to the reflection of an American continent that experiences its own forms of development both in the South and the North, under pressures, uncertainties, and insecurities that are still being sought amidst the movements of revolution and struggle for undefined identities. This research is pioneering in promoting contrast studies in the region, turning the kaleidoscope.