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Avaliação da ação biodefensiva de ramnolipídios produzidos por Pseudomonas aeruginosa LBI 2A1 contra bactérias fitopatogênicas do feijão e da soja
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 0025-12-17) Menezes, Aldry Ramos; Lovaglio, Roberta Barros; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4549716492984231; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8763303316876924
Brazil is internationally recognized as one of the largest producers of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and soybean (Glycine max). This high productivity is made possible by the country’s favorable climatic conditions, such as high temperatures and abundant rainfall. The warm and humid climate makes Brazil one of the most productive agricultural regions in the world. Both legume species play a significant role in human nutrition due to their high nutritional value, being rich in proteins and carbohydrates and having a low caloric content, which makes them valuable for both human and animal diets. However, the productivity of these crops has been increasingly threatened by the emergence of bacterial diseases. The use of pesticides in seedlings contributes to the control of these pathogens, although, over time, it also promotes bacterial resistance. Microbial metabolites can serve as an alternative strategy for managing bacterial diseases in bean and soybean crops. Thus, this project aimed to evaluate the activity of biosurfactants produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa LBI 2A1, known as rhamnolipids, in the control of bacterial diseases such as common bacterial blight (CBC) (Xanthomonas citri pv. fuscans) and bacterial pustule (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines). The methodology involved experiments in which different concentrations of the biosurfactant were added to the culture medium used for bacterial growth. After data collection, the results were analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. The antimicrobial effect of rhamnolipids proved to be effective against X. citri pv. fuscans, showing a significant reduction in microbial growth across the tested biosurfactant concentrations. In contrast, X. axonopodis pv. glycines demonstrated resistance to the biosurfactant, exhibiting an increase in bacterial population growth at the different rhamnolipid concentrations, indicating a positive effect on bacterial proliferation
Produção de biogás e biofertilizante através da biodigestão anaeróbia de resíduos da indústria avícola: esterco de aves e ovos brancos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 0025-12-17) Angelotti, Lorena Iglesias; Lovaglio, Roberta Barros; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4549716492984231; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3757635661641129
The intensification of poultry farming generates large volumes of organic waste, demanding sustainable management strategies. Anaerobic digestion emerges as a promising alternative, enabling the treatment of these residues and the simultaneous production of biogas and biofertilizers. This experimental study aimed to assess the technical feasibility of using a laboratory-scale anaerobic biodigester for biogas production from poultry waste, as well as to evaluate the potential of the resulting digestate for use as a biofertilizer in soil restoration. The experiment was conducted at the Laboratório de Pesquisa em Bioninsumos (LaPeBi), using nine anaerobic reactors of 3 liters, distributed into three treatments in triplicate: Control (water + manure), Treatment B (higher proportion of manure and eggs), and Treatment C (equal proportions of manure, eggs, and vinasse). Reactors were maintained at 25 °C, and biogas production was monitored daily by liquid displacement (STP). Weekly samples were collected for pH, fixed total solids (FTS), and volatile total solids (VTS) analyses. Treatment C presented the highest cumulative biogas production (829 mL) and greater process stability, a statistically significant difference compared to the other treatments, confirming its superior anaerobic digestion efficiency. Treatment B showed intermediate production but greater variability among replicates, suggesting lower operational stability. The Control treatment did not produce measurable biogas, highlighting the importance of co-digestion and complementary nutrient supply. pH remained mostly within the optimal range for methanogenesis (6.6–7.4). FTS and VTS values indicated greater organic matter degradation in Treatment C, although without statistical difference compared to Treatment B, reinforcing the potential of vinasse as a co-substrate. The results demonstrate that co-digestion of poultry manure with white eggs and vinasse is an effective strategy to enhance biogas production at laboratory scale while producing a digestate with potential agricultural applications. Further experiments are recommended to monitor the complete digestion cycle and optimize operational conditions, aiming to maximize production at larger scales.