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Ensinando e aprendendo geometria: uma experiência com o software Cabri-Géomètre II na 5a série do ensino fundamental.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-08-27) Bertoluci, Evandro Antonio; Tancredi, Regina Maria Simões Puccinelli
In the last three decades, geometry teaching in Brazil has had serious problems. A number of Brazilian researchers have identified the cause of such problems and proposed ways likely to overcome this chaotic scenario. One of the proposals presented for the enhancement of geometry teaching and learning is to use computers in this process. In recent years, quite often, due to this, a number of programs have been developed to be used as tools in that process, but its usage by the teacher must always be associated with the theoretical principles in which his practice is grounded. The objective of this thesis is to evaluate the impact of the program Cabri-Géomètre II on twenty-four 11-year-olds learning geometry. The students are from a public elementary school in Jaú, São Paulo state. To achieve this goal, a pedagogical intervention a course involving some of the geometric content those students were supposed to learn was planned, performed and evaluated by the author of this study who played the role of teacher and researcher. The course took place in the computer room of the school. Eight computers with the program Cabri-Géomètre II installed were used. The students were divided into eight groups and the geometric contents (angles, angular measure, bisection of an angle, consecutive angle, adjacent angle, complementary angles, supplementary angles, vertical angles) were organized into six different topics. For each topic a list containing the objectives of the task, the geometric concepts to be learned and the instructions on how to do the task was made. In the end of the experiment, the students did two written tests individually on the subjects studied and completed a questionnaire evaluating the course. The results show that the use of the program Cabri-Géomètre II as a support tool in geometry teaching, how it was described here, was positive. Nevertheless, other similar studies have presented less favorable results suggesting that computer aid in teaching still needs to be investigated. As a result, we suggest some changes in the course so that the teaching experience and the students learning can improve. We also put forward some ideas which may optimize public policies on computerizing schools.
Gestão de resíduos sólidos urbanos em municípios de pequeno porte: sistematização de diretrizes e procedimentos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-08-27) Pellegrino, Stefânia Aparecida Custódio; Teixeira, Bernardo Arantes do Nascimento; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1166854416745527
A new lifestyle, with changes in the consumption patterns and generation of residues, is imposed for humanity in Brazil, the growth of the cities and, at the same time, the increase in the consumption of industrialized products, are common factors to practically all the municipal districts. This way serious problems have been carted, regarding the inadequate administration of the urban solid residues (USW) generated. Because of its great number, the small municipal districts contribute with the current environmental and social problems. Thus, one of the main measures to be taken to correct this situation is the establishment of plans of the Management of USW (PMUSW) generated in such municipal districts. The present work lifted some concepts and administration models and management of USW, seeking to supply advices for the elaboration of PMUSW to small municipal districts, based in the minimization concepts. The small municipal districts can count with some facilities for an integrated administration of the different residues, especially the communication with the population, the inspection of the proposal measures, the organization of the society in the administration process of RSU. Besides, the amount of generated residues is smaller and the segregation process, collection and disposition can be simplified. On the other hand, such municipal districts face difficulties for the implantation of a good administration of USW, among them the lack of financial and human resources. Taking into account such characteristics, some guidelines were systematized and established some procedures that better adapt to the referred municipal districts, contemplating simplified solutions, of low cost, accessible to technicians and administrators without specialization in the theme and that involve the population. Such orientations were applied to a specific case of the small municipal district of (Itamogi-MG), allowing its evaluation by means of the elaboration of local PMUSW. In conclusion, it is possible to propose an administration of USW that assists the needs and limitations of those municipal districts.
Distribuição espacial e temporal da ictiofauna do trecho médio do rio Paranapanema e suas relações com as características morfométricas e limnológicas dos compartimentos da bacia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-08-27) Dias, João Henrique Pinheiro; Garavello, Júlio César; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2778105126670170
Aplicação de rede neural neocognitron para reconhecimento de atributos faciais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-08-27) Hirakuri, Marcelo Hiroshi; Saito, José Hiroki; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7065615446493390
This work presents a methodology for predetermined facial attributes recognition preestablished. This work realizes the recognition of facial attributes previously established: right eye, left eye, nose and lip, using an alternative implementation of Neocognitron Neural Network, robust for distortions and shifts on input patterns. The implementation of the neural network (NEOFAR - Neocognitron for Facial Attributes Recognition), consists of two sub-networks: Neural Network for Detecting of Control Points (NNDCP), which is used for edge detection, line detection, and line end detection, during the training phase; and Neural Network for Facial Recognition (NNFR), which is used for complex features manipulation, during the recognition phase. The performance evaluation showed the viability of project for many applications with excellent future perspectives. The performance tests showed rightness taxes over 85%.