Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2003-10-23"

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Evangelizando homens de negócios: o pentecostalismo e o empresariado.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-10-23)
Saragoça, Yara Cristina Bernejo
;
Freston, Paul Charles
El objetivo principal de esta investigación es analizar el modo como las organizaciones paraeclesiásticas evangélicas buscan atraer para sus hileras miembros de las capas medias, mas específicamente, aquellos que pertenecen a los segmentos del campo empresarial. Se trata de un análisis institucional de organizaciones que tienen como fin evangelizar empresarios y profesionales liberales. El análisis concentrase sobre el producto que tais organizaciones ofrecen y también sobre los miembros de esas instituciones. Buscamos diseñar el perfil de tais organizaciones desde la caracterización de sus fundadores y de las historias de esas instituciones y, así descubrir eventuales cambios que habrían posibilitado la supervivencia y/o manutención de la misma. Tal análisis permitió identificar los objetivos de las organizaciones, su comportamiento dentro del campo religioso, la relación de ellas unas con otras, y con otros segmentos religiosos que representan de algún modo una especie de concurrencia en el mercado religioso.
Religião e política: a participação política dos pentecostais nas eleições de 2002
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-10-23)
Bandini, Claudirene Aparecida de Paula
;
Freston, Paul Charles
From the decade of 80 the religions had come back to the public sphere and if they had presented apt to represent important public papers in the continuous construction of the modern world. In the context of the globalization, the religious identities had in accordance with suffered to a re-significação from its originary contents the social process and the local lexicon. Of this form, the pentecostalismo if constitutes how much it saw alternative to the excluded individuals either finding an access to modernity either to the rescue of auto-esteem. The electoral process in allows them to verify the "desprivatização " of the pentecostais groups when producing new signs by means of the border politics and symbolic in which they fulfill the paper of expression of the group. Its articuladores if appropriate of religious goods and they associate them with the system of prestige and power. After that, they develop a new way to see the connection politics and religion, therefore they start to negotiate a new space front to the other social groups. The analyzed process if relates to the contextualização of the politics-religious career of pentecostais candidates e, respectively, the electoral strategies of the churches Assembly of Deus, Church of Evangelho Quadrangular and Universal Church of the Kingdom of Deus.
Incorporação do ideário da Garden-City inglesa na urbanística moderna brasileira: Águas de São Pedro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-10-24)
Trevisan, Ricardo
;
Silva, Ricardo Siloto da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5346985934880710
This work, entitled Inclusion of anthology of ideas from the english Garden-City into Modern Brazilian urban design: Águas de São Pedro developed in the Graduate Course in Urban Engineering at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), presents a study of the urban plan of Águas de São Pedro town, state of São Paulo, and its relation to the Garden-City s concepts, structured in four different parts. In its first part is given a brief overview of the history of post-Industrial Revolution urbanism, identifying the main urban typologies originating during this time and focusing especially on the Garden City typology from its English origin to its worldwide diffusion. From here, the study delves in the appropriation of this typology by brazilian designers (architects and engineers), articulated with economic, political, social and cultural analysis of this country in the first decades of the XXth Century. The third part analyses the universe of professional responsible for the creation of the city plan of Águas de São Pedro, urban engineer Jorge de Macedo Vieira, identifying his main influences and his productive evolution. Also, others professionals involved with this project are included. Finally, in the fourth part is done a comprehensive study of the adopted plan for the Watering town, along with its due empirical analysis, electing, from there, the elements that relate it to the Garden-City typology. This research therefore adds itself to others that study the use of the Garden-City urban typology in Brazil, contributing in this manner to extend knowledge about a school that participated actively in the history of brazilian urbanism.
Proposta de um sistema integrado de gestão em segurança de tráfego - SIG SET
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-10-28)
Mantovani, Vívian Ramirez
;
Raia Junior, Archimedes Azevedo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6413793013018019
This work presents a management tool that can be of great utility to private or governmental organizations, mainly the ones which are really considered to deal with the transit in a new, modern, efficient, efective and, over all, responsible way. For this, it makes use of modern computational techniques, as is the case of Geographic Information System - GIS, beyond the technique of benchmarking, an important basis of the Management of Total Quality. The Integrate Management System of Traffic Safety called SIG SET, developed for strategical level, produces ideas and concepts that take into account the management of transit security in a wide-ranging, sistemic and based on the information form. The SIG SET offers four databases and can operationally be implemented in integrated or modular form. For organizations with still a small structure, the implantation can start from the Database of Traffic accidents BDA, that uses a manager of relational database. However, with the evolution of this practice, the necessity of the implantation of a Space Database of Road System-BDSV arises , that own, amongst others, attributes of the interventions of the ways and volumes of traffic. In a subsequent stage, the georeferenced database of accidents can be implanted in software GIS (BDS). This new mentality of management, ripened and consolidated , the space database of benchmarking can be implemented (BDB). The BDB will be able to contain socioeconomic, social, cultural, human attributes, fleets of vehicles and accident rates of cities, states, regions or countries. The information of the databases must lead to the development of procedures that set up comparisons with pertinent referentials (benchmarking) and that have more positive security levels. This would stimulate the continuous improvement of road security, with the establishment of realistic and challenging goals of small, medium and long run. Based on the information generated by SIG SET, one can purpose interventions in the three traditional areas that compose the transit security: Education, Enforcement and Engineering; as well as to execute the verification of the effectiveness and efficiency of the same ones. The technique of benchmarking can periodically be carried out, applying the (re)evaluation of goals. The SIG SET unfolded for the operational level will produce, as a result, thematic reports and maps with the information of the databases produced. SIG SET is a tool indicated in the aid of taking decisions of governmental managing agencies and of organizations linked to the management of road security. An application of method SIG SET is presented in operational level, with the aim of exemplify its potentiality.
Desenvolvimento de nanocompósitos à base de Mg armazenadores de hidrogênio processados por moagem de alta energia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-10-29)
Castro, José Fernando Ribeiro de
;
Ishikawa, Tomaz Toshimi
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5726055117451807
In the present work, Mg based nanocomposites were developed in the following systems: Mg TM, MgH2 TM, MgH2 MgF2 e MgH2 TM MgF2 (where TM means transition metal). The nanocomposites were processed by high energy ball milling and the obtained powders were characterized by in-situ X-ray diffraction during heating, transmission and scanning electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The microstructural evolution during heating of the MgH2 + 5%at%Nb was monitored by in-situ X-ray diffraction. It was concluded that the NbH/MgH2 and Nb/MgH2 nanointerfaces play major role on the hydrogen adsorption. These nanointerfaces act as fast diffusion paths or diffusion short circuits. The contribution of the thermodynamic attraction of these interfaces on hydrogen and its influence on sorption are also discussed. Both thermodynamic and kinetic effects accelerated the hydrogen desorption by the Mg-Nb composite. Based on the above, a mechanism for hydrogen desorption by the Mg-Nb by the Mg-Nb nanocomposite was proposed. It was observed that MgF2 greatly improved the desorption kinetics of hydrogen in the MgH2-MgF2 nanocomposite, showing it catalytic effect. The best result concerning the hydrogen desorption kinetics was for the [MgH2]90[MgF2]10 (wt %) nanocomposite. The on set desorption temperature of this nanocomposite was 253ºC. It was concluded that hydrogen diffuses through the MgH2/MgF2 nanointerfaces (fast diffusion paths). In this way, the hydrogen desorption kinetics was improved by the action of these nanointerfaces.
Análise das tendências de financiamento público para habitação social. Caso de Jaboticabal - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-10-30)
Yoshimura, Márcio Takashi
;
Shimbo, Ioshiaqui
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6315114291031702
The changes occurred in the 80 s decade make the municipal districts took more and more responsibility about the 90 s decade urban problems. Among them, the dwelling access amplification and low gains community life s quality, guidelines contained in the Urban Reform. In this sense, municipal districts should develop public politics to social habitation involving habitational financing to low gains community, having in view that Federal and State Governments had absented themselves about this responsibility. Considering this context and having in view the actual Municipal s financial difficulties, it is necessary a better understanding about this phenomenon, elaborating strategies to solve it. This way, this work accomplish statistics acts carried out by Jaboticabal s municipal district in the 90 s decade, intending to analyze the Jaboticabal s public financing tendencies, through indicators.
Analise de instrumentos econômicos relativos aos serviços de resíduos sólidos urbanos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-10-30)
Brusadin, Mauricio Benedini
;
Teixeira, Bernardo Arantes do Nascimento
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1166854416745527
The developed research focuse an analysis of the concepts that permeate the creation of the Rate of Urban Solid Residues. It detached the basic notions that permeate this theme, from the sustentability concept, as well as the technical variables and politics that involve the idea of the Environmental Rates. Due to the width of the theme and to the multiple variables that surround it, we based our research on two fronts: the theoretical, seeking to consider that several ideas and notions that permeate the theme; and other practice, that was the study of the experiences adopted in several municipal districts to carry out the Rate of Urban Solid Residues. We can highlight by those fronts that, in the theoretical part, we revised a vast bibliography regarding the economical instruments used for elaboration of public politics heading for the sustainable development; already in the practical part, we searched to establish some differences of adoption of these instruments and their juridical consequences of being implemented. Being like this, we can establish that the Rate of Urban Solid Residues is characterized as a necessary measure to set out the problems faced by the Municipal Public Powers with relationship to the produced garbage . However, for the complexity of the calculation base for collection, for the juridical aspects that orientate it and, why not to say, for the political difficulties to their implementation, it is necessary to go deeper into these studies, so that, through a deeper knowledge of the Theme, our Political Representatives as well as the technicians that elaborate the public politics can step in a less loamy soil, avoiding, thus, so many unnecessary wastes.
Características físicas, químicas e biomecânicas dos ossos de ratas ovariectomizadas tratadas com fluoreto de sódio
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-11-05)
Mello, Luiz Carlos de Paula
;
Nonaka, Keico Okino
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4551036775738296
Ovariectomized (ovx) rat bones were used to evaluate the effects of sodium fluoride treatment on bone physical, chemical and biomechanical parameters. Wistar rats, with four months of age, were randomly divided in: basal, intact and ovx treated with sodium fluoride (0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 ppm) groups. The basal group was sacrificed in the beginning of the experiment and the other groups after 2, 4, 6 and 8 months of treatment. Bone demineralization of femur due to osteopenia (induced by sexual steroids deficiency) resulted in lower values of bone density that resulted in lower values of biomechanical parameters when compared to intact group. Higher values of maximum force, failure force, resilience and stiffness of femur from ovx group treated with sodium fluoride, when compared to ovx group, were observed. The use of sodium fluoride as a therapeutic agent inhibited the osteopenia induced by castration and enhanced the bone quality, mainly when low dose was used (40 ppm)during short periods of treatment (2 and 4 months).
Modelagem da circulação de um reservatório tropical polimítico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-11-06)
Rio, Cristina Maria Magalhães Granadeiro
;
Rocha, Odete
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7577441794992601
Environmental pulses occur very often in warm polymitic reservoirs and, together with shifts in the operational rules, lead to large internal temporal variability. The focus of this work was: (i) to evaluate the main characteristics and the complexity of physical processes during short-time events in a warm polymitic water body, Lobo (Broa) reservoir, and; (ii) to examine the potential of a hydrostatic three-dimensional (3D) numerical model at a coarse grid resolution to simulate correctly mixing and transport during short-time events in a warm polymitic reservoir. In this study we conducted two field experiments. In March-April 2001 a first collaborative field experiment, with intensive measurements that included both biological and physical processes, was realized in Lobo reservoir. During the 16 days experiment, a large spectrum of environmental conditions occurred: a storm, calm weather with moderate winds and the passage of a cold front. In May 2003 we conducted a second field experiment, also with intensive measurements, however focusing on the spatial variability of temperature and other variables in Lobo reservoir. A diurnal variation study was performed in both experiments. The 3D Estuary and Lake Computer Model was applied to modeling Lobo reservoir, S ao Paulo - Brazil, and was compared with data from both experiments. The reservoir spatial heterogeneity and rapid response to various pulses and diel patterns of heating and cooling were well reproduced by the numerical model. Thus, this can be a valuable tool for understanding evolution of the thermodynamics in a warm polymitic reservoir. Finally, in this work we highlight few inherent characteristics of polymitic reservoirs, which were found to be very important for the establishment of monitoring plans and the reservoir management.
Separação de ampicilina produzida enzimaticamente por reação entre éster metílico de fenilglicina e ácido 6-aminopenicilânico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-11-07)
Vieira, Marcelo Fernandes
;
Giordano, Raquel de Lima Camargo
The separation/concentration process of the products obtained from the enzymatic synthesis of ampicillin (AMP) catalyzed by immobilized penicillin G acylase was the focus of this Thesis. Hydrophobic resin adsorption and isoelectric precipitation were the processes herein evaluated. The antibiotic was produced in the solid phase, from 6-aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA) and phenylglycine methyl ester (PGME), and phenylglice (PG) was an undesired product. The immobilized enzyme was retained in the reactor by a sieve and the precipitated products formed (AMP and PG) were withdrawn and further dissolved at alkaline pH. After a filtration step, PG crystals were retrieved. In a second step, AMP crystals could be obtained by isoelectric precipitation. A combined process for separation/concentration of AMP, using isoelectric precipitation and hydrophobic adsorption, was put forth. The isolectric points of the molecules involved in the enzymatic synthesis were determined. In addition, the pH influence (range 5.5-7.5) on the solubility of the compounds was assessed. The results, in accordance with the literature, have shown that a pH increase leaded to an increase of the solubility of AMP and 6-APA. On the other hand, PGME solubility decreased with pH, while PG solubility was practically constant in this pH range. The adsorption efficiency and selectivity of three hydrophobic commercial resins XAD-4, XAD-7 and XAD-761 (Rohm and Haas) were evaluated at different pHs for the separation of dissolved products and unconverted reactants. Batch experiments were carried out to determine which resin had higher AMP adsorption capacity and higher selectivity (AMP/PG), at different pHs. XAD-4 was chosen: it presented higher selectivity (maximum AMP/PG = 7,0 at pH 8.5) and adsorption capacity (maximum 455 mg of AMP/g of resin, at pH 6.5). Equilibrium adsorption models were fitted: linear and Langmuir models represented PG and AMP adsorption on XAD-4 resin at pH 6.5, respectively. In a parallel work, our research group has decided to integrate synthesis and separation (precipitation of the products) in the enzymatic reactor: AMP and PG were in solid phase, and the immobilized enzyme was separated by sieving. Consequently, a combined process using isolectric precipitation and hydrophobic adsorption to separate/concentrate the AMP coming from enzymatic synthesis, with PG as impurity, was proposed. Based on the physical-chemical properties of the components, the separation process started by the elevation of pH, aiming at dissolving all AMP crystals, together with a minimum of PG crystals. Better results were obtained using pH 8.5. After filtration, un-dissolved PG was obtained. In a second step, the pH it was brought to the AMP isolectric point, causing its precipitation. Two acids and two temperatures were evaluated in this step: chloridric and sulfuric acid, 4 and 250C. Better results were obtained at 40C. No significant difference observed between the two acids. AMP crystals had purity above 97% at 40C. The following step was the separation/concentration of the mother solution, composed by a mixture of AMP and PG, using in a fixed bed of XAD-4 resin. Previously, adsorption constants, effective diffusion coefficients, and axial dispersion coefficients for AMP (at low concentrations, where a linear adsorption model fits the data) and PG were estimated by analysis of moments. The influence of temperature, flow rate, resin average particle diameter and the presence of ethanol on the performance of the system was assessed. The results obtained have shown that lower resin average particle diameters, as expected, leaded to a significant improve in the resolution of the elution curve of PG, and higher temperatures decreased retention times. The fixed bed was capable to separate, in an efficient way, a mixture of AMP and PG, reaching a separation resolution of 1.60 using a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. Increasing ethanol concentration in the mobile phase influenced significantly the elution curves for both components. AMP de-sorption was facilitated and consequently, 5-fold and 2-fold reduction of the bed volume was achieved for AMP and PG, respectively. These results allowed the proposal of the following protocol for AMP purification, when it is reach in the solid form, containing PG as impurity: solubilization at pH 8,5 of the crystal mixture (AMP and PG), obtained from the antibiotic synthesis. Filtration of the solution, obtaining PG crystals. Reduction of the pH of the solution (containing PG, together with high concentrations of AMP), to precipitate the antibiotic at its isoelectric point. Concentration of the mother solution through adsorption on XAD-4 resin, using a water as mobile phase for adsorption and 15% (v/v) of ethanol for AMP elution. The concentrated solution should be recycled to the synthesis reactor.
Estudos de propriedades termodinâmicas e estruturais dos líquidos etilenoglicol e glicerol utilizando simulação computacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-11-13)
Arruda Sobrinho, Aparecido de
;
Freitas, Luiz Carlos Gomide
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3461414255262928
Ethylene glycol and glycerol are molecular liquids with many internal degrees of freedom. Rotations along specific chemical bonds allow the formation of intramolecular hydrogen bonding, leading to several stable conformational possibilities. Due to the capability of these liquids to form one or more hydrogen bonding with appropriate solutes, they have been used to verify the influences of these bonds in the conformational and thermodynamics properties of molecules. The studies were performed using Molecular Dynamics methodology implemented in the TINKER package. A combination of the force fields OPLS-AA (Optimized Potential for Liquid Simulations-All Atoms) and AMBER was used to represent molecular interactions. Structural and thermodynamic properties of liquid ethylene glycol in the ensemble NpT at temperatures of 265 K, 300 K, 350 K and 465 K and 1.0 atm were calculated. The same study was performed for glycerol at temperatures of 300 K, 400 K and 555 K. Internal rotations along all axes defined by bonds C-O and C-C had been considered. The formation and behavior of hydrogen bonds was as a function of time were particularly considered.
Alcalóides de Rutaceae: química e atividade biológica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-11-18)
Andrade, Márcio Roberto de
;
Vieira, Paulo Cezar
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8923844563320377
This work describes the phytochemical study of two plant species Galipea bracteata and Ravenia infelix belonging to the family Rutaceae, aiming the isolation and structure determination of componds from leaves and branches of these plants. This work is also directed to the search of trypanocidal and leishmanicidal compounds from these plants. The following models were used to check the biological activities of the isolated compounds: antiparasitc activity - trypomastigote form of Trypanosoma cruzi in vitro , enzymatic inhibitory activity on gGAPDH (Glyceraldeyde 3- phosphate dehidrogenase) of T. cruzi and enzymatic inhibitory activity on APRT (Adheninephosphoribosyl- transferase) of Leishmania tarentolae. The leaves extract of G. bracteata afforded tirtheen quinoline alkaloids. Among these compounds seven have been described for the first time: 2-(3 ,4 -methylenedioxyphenylethyl)quinoline, 4- methoxy-2-(propan-1 -ona)quinoline (inedit), 4-methoxy-2-(1 ,2 -transepoxypentyl) quinoline (inedit), 4-methoxy-2-n-heptylquinoline, 2-(1 ,2 -transepoxypentyl) quinoline (inedit), 4-methoxy-2-(3 ,4 - methylenedioxyphenylethyl)quinoline, 4-methoxy-2-(1 ,2 -trans-epoxypropyl)quinoline (inedit), 4-methoxy-2-n-propylquinoline, 2-n-pentylquinoline, 2-(propan-1 - one)quinoline (inedit), 4-methoxy-2-(pentan-1 -one)quinoline (inedit), 2-(pentan-1 - one)quinoline (inedit), a mixture of steroids campesterol, stigmasterol and sitosterol, one furoquinoline alkaloid evolitrine, a mixture of seco-furoquinoline alkaloids Edimethylrhoifolinate and Z-dimethylrhoifolinate, a pentacylclic triterpene arborinol and norsesquiterpene 3,5-dihydromegastigma-6,7-diene-9-one. From the branches of R. Infelix were isolated the carbazole alkaloids: 3-methylcarbazole and girinimbin, the steroids: 7-oxo-stigmasterol and 7-oxo-sitosterol, the indol 3-carboxaldeheide and mixtures of amides: N-trans and N-cis-feruloyltyramine, and N-trans and-cis-pcumaroyltyramine. The pure compounds had their trypanocidal and leishmanicidal activities determined.
Programa de intervenção com bebês pré-termo e suas famílias: avaliação e subsídios para prevenção de deficiências
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-11-18)
Formiga, Cibelle Kayenne Martins Roberto
;
Pedrazzani, Elisete Silva
Early identification of developmental delays in preterm infants is notable in various studies which emphasize the prevention of disabilities through the possibility of a better prognosis through specialized special education services or other rehabilitation measures. Intervention programs emphasize the integration of parental participation so they may take on coresponsibility for their children's development as an integral part of the treatment. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of a program of early intervention with babies preterm with and without the parents' training. The participants in this study were 8 preterm infants with an average gestational age of 32 weeks and an average chronological age of 3 months and 6 days and their respective families. The study was done at the Neuropediatric Physiotherapy Unit at UFSCar and approved by the University Research Ethics Committee. The experimental research method was used and the participants were randomly divided into two separate groups: Control and Experimental. The Control Group was composed of 4 infants who received physiotherapy treatment but whose parents did not receive any orientation or training to work with their children at home. The Experimental Group was composed of 4 infants who received physiotherapy treatment and whose parents received orientation and training to continue the physiotherapy program at home. This four month study utilized the Operational Portage Inventory (OPI) and the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) to measure the infants'development. All data from evaluation charts and videotapes of monthly evaluations and weekly sessions were registered and analyzed for two aspects: infant and parent behavior. The categories for the analysis of motor sensory development were in accord with the items proposed in AIMS and the training items were in accord with the OPI. The statistical treatment utilized the regression method to compare the evolution between the control and experimental groups. Analysis of parent participation in the intervention program was evaluated in three aspects: behaviors installed in the mediators, the performance of mediators as observers and the mediators opinion of the intervention program. The results demonstrated that both groups had significant improvement in all developmental areas analyzed and when compared to each other, the experimental group's evolution was superior to the control group. In relation to family participation in the program, the results verified that parents in the experimental group demonstrated a good level of involvement with behavior in installed in relation to training with the infant and both groups demonstrated satisfaction in participation in the study based on the evolution obtained by their children. Based on these results it can be stated that the participation of parents associated with the intervention program significantly benefited the sensory motor development of the infants in the present study.
A música integrada à sala de aula numa perspectiva de formação continuada para professores dos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental: redimensionamento a prática pedagógica.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-11-19)
Targas, Keila de Mello
;
Joly, Ilza Zenker Leme
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5569335876343450
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5981684153509477
The aim of the study was to investigate which contributions a continuing education program in music, for Elementary School teachers, could offer. We intended to investigate if such a program could lead to new learning and reflections as part of their teaching process and pedagogical practice. In which way it makes possible a contact with te music by generalist teacher and how this can be important in a classroom`s everyday routine in terms of reorganizing the pedagogical practice. As specific goals, we tried to analise the progress of the teachers involved in the process related to the learnings obtained, to the development of new abilities, to the transformation of pedagogical practice, to the conquest of a diferentiated school space in which experimentation, share of experiences, readings and reflections were aspects taken into higher account. With this goal, a music workshop was designed and developed with teachers (City Hall schools). It lasted 23 weeks and intended making possible for the participants the aquisition of basic musical knowledge through the development of pratical activities. At the same time that musical games and plays were developed, there was also space for discussion of the activities, readings and reflections. These processes made possible for the teachers to experience new alternatives for teaching music in the classroom, including inovating and adapting educacional practices, based on the experiences lived on the workshop, as well as applying these inovations in the classroom and reflection on this process. Regarding the proposed research question the results (of intervention and research)we could observe that the participation in the program, made possible for the teachers to acquire new experiences, build up new knowledge, develop new abilities, learn to deal with the contents in different ways, increase their capacity of adapting, adequing, and inovating according to the necessities of the classroom, learn to reflect more frequently about their own pedagogical performances and redirect them based on these reflections. Is was also possible to observe that the student, when motivated by the teacher to get in contact with music through games and plays, develops capacities of audio and rithmic perception, vocal and body expression, as well as learn how to better interact and get organized in group. The program of continuing education was an important tool to the encouragement of new learnings by the teachers, to develop reflective practice, and for them to perceive in a new way music education.
Citogenética comparativa entre ictiofáunulas isoladas por um divisor de águas em regiões limítrofes de duas bacias hidrográficas na Serra da Mantiqueira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-11-21)
Centofante, Liano
;
Moreira Filho, Orlando
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3927076022470557
The Serra da Mantiqueira is located in the southeastern region of Brazil, and is a landmark for the political division between the São Paulo and Minas Gerais States, serving as an effective water divisor for the Paraíba do Sul and Paraná Rivers. This way, the Serra da Mantiqueira may act as an expressive biogeographic barrier for the isolation of the ichthyofaunas of these hydrographic basins. The present work was carried out with ten fish species (Characidium gomesi, C. cf. zebra, C. lauroi, C. cf. alipioi, Parodon sp., P. tortuosus, Astyanax fasciatus, A. parahybae, Hyphessobrycon anisitsi e Rhamdia sp.), belonging to four distinct families, representing the ichthyofaunas of this limiting region between some tributaries of the Paraíba do Sul River and some drainage rivers of the Sapucaí River, Paraná basin. The cytogenetic studies aimed the chromosomal characterization and the comparative analysis between the species of these ichthyofaunas. Among the main results obtained in the present work, we highlight: the karyotypical descriptions of the ten species previously mentioned; the discovery of a new species for the genus Parodon; the description of three new ZZ/ZW sex chromosome systems; and the discovery of two new cases of natural triploidies, one of them being associated to the B chromosome. The studies also permitted the formulation of hypotheses on the possible causes of the origin of the chromosome diversity found in the species of this region, the verification of the role the Serra da Mantiqueira has in the isolation and biogeographic distribution of the ichthyofaunas involved, and also the correlations between the species of the two hydrographic basins.
Metabolismo secundário dos fungos Penicillium sp e Fusarium moniliforme isolados como endofíticos de Melia azedarach (Meliaceae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-11-21)
Santos, Regina Maria Geris dos
;
Rodrigues Filho, Edson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3667941735597178
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4019875942806708
From healthy tissues of M. azedarach, 59 isolates of endophytic fungi were obtained, representing eight genera (one Ascomycetes, one Basidiomycetes and six Hyphomycetes). Genera Aspergillus and Penicillium were the most found in this present study. Extracts of two fungal strains, Penicillium sp e Fusarium moniliforme were investigated chemically. This investigation resulted in the isolation of 34 pure compounds. Three were obtained from F. moniliforme: two depsidipeptides (bassiatin and a new natural product) and the ergosterol peroxide. From the Penicillium sp were isolated 10 novel meroterpenes (preaustinoid A, preaustinoid B, preaustinoid A2, preaustinoid A1, austinolide, preaustinoid B1, isoaustinone, austinoneol, preaustinoid B2, and preaustinoid A3), three known meroterpenes(acetoxydehydroaustin, dehydroaustin, and neoaustin). The other two meroterpenes are still to be identified. In addition, it has been found five lignans compounds (two were identified as novel natural products), six alkaloids (three of them identified as verruculogen, Tr-2 and its isomer), two lactones derivatives (penicillic acid and dehidropenicillic acid), one nucleoside (uridine) and two poliols (eritritol and mannitol). Some extracts and fractions from these two microorganisms were submitted to biological assays (antibacterial and insecticidal). The meroterpene dehydroaustin showed a great insecticidal activity against the mosquito Aedes aegyptii. An analytical strategy, based on liquid-chromatography-mass spectrometry hyphenation was established for the comparison of the secondary metabolites composition of the host plant and the fungus Penicillium sp. This methodology had the meroterpenes and limonoids from M. azedarach as targets in order to compare the metabolism between these two associated organisms. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry methodology allowed the standard meroterpenes identification in the extracts derived from this microorganism cultivated on rice and maize, as well as, other metabolites, verruculogen, uridine and a new lignan. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis supplied the apolar constituents identification of the fungus on distinct substrates. Biogenetics studies involving molecular biology related to meroterpenes were carried out using the tetraketide precursor 3,5 dimethyl orsellinic acid. As a result of this, were found three related genes to polyketides (non-reduced, partially reduced, and highly modified) and C-methyltransferase gene. It suggests a relationship between these genes and the meroterpenoid production. Further studies should be carried out in order to investigate this relation.
Fotossíntese e eficiência do uso da água em vinte espécies lenhosas tropicais sob condições de campo em um reflorestamento utilizando espécies de mata
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-11-25)
Ferreira, Leonnardo Lopes
;
Prado, Carlos Henrique Britto de Assis
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7561749470600567
Leaf gas exchange characteristics were evaluated in 20 woody species of differing successional status, ranging from pioneer species to non-pioneers (late successional species) in a Brazilian forest ecosystem. The principal aim of this work was to point out the correspondence of leaf gas exchange parameters and each ecological successional group of plant species. Light saturated photosynthetic rate was different both on leaf area (PNA) or on dry mass (PNM) basis between two successional groups. PNA and PNM were higher in pioneer species and lower in non-pioneer species. Variation among species was 3-fold (from 7 to 23 µmol m-2 s-1) for PNA, and 5-fold (from 50 to 275 µmol kg-2 s-1) for PNM. The highest PNA (23 µmol m-2 s-1) and PNM (275 µmol kg-2 s-1) values were recorded in the pioneer Croton urucurana, while the lowest PNA (7 µmol m-2 s-1) and PNM (50 µmol kg-2 s-1) values were recorded in the putative late successional species Aspidosperma cylindrocarpon. The sub-stomatal CO2 concentration values (Ci) was also significantly different between pioneer and non pioneer species, but a considerable overlap was recorded between successional groups about leaf-atmosphere water vapor exchange such as stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiratory (E) rates. However, the pioneer C. urucurana showed again the highest gs and E values. Mass-based photosynthetic rate was highly correlated with specific leaf mass (SLM) in both pioneer and non-pioneer species (r=-0.75 and -0.90, respectively). The highest values of instantaneous transpiratory efficiency (ITE) and intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) were also observed in the pioneer species when compared with the non-pioneer species. The results suggest that tropical early successional species have greater ITE and iWUE than later successional species both conditioned by higher photosynthetic capacity values. Therefore, the carbon assimilation parameters by themselves (PNA, PNM and Ci) or associated with leaf-atmosphere water vapor gas exchange were more suitable to separate both studied groups than single gs or E. Os parâmetros estudados, quando considerados através de uma análise multivariada foram efetivos para separar em um espaço bidimensional as espécies pioneiras das não-pioneiras. Multivariate principal components analysis (PCA) was useful to separate in a two-dimensional space the pioneer and non-pioneers species using gas exchange and SLM parameters.
Influência da nicotina e da mecamelamina em teste de preferência condicionada por lugar em peixes da espécie Carassius auratus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-11-27)
Brasileiro, Olga Sueli Moreira
;
Mattioli, Rosana
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5694498670428619
Nicotine is a neuromodulator of the central nervous system, which has a wide variety of behavioural effects. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of nicotine and mecamylamine on the learning and memory mechanism through conditioning by a positive reinforcement process in 158 fish of the species Carassius auratus. For this purpose a rectangular aquarium was used (30×10×17 cm for total length, width and height, respectively). The aquarium was divided into two compartments, one black and one white. The experiment was done in five days: on the first day: habituation; on the second day: the natural preference of the animal was registered; on the third day: raining session number 1(T1), the animals were subjected to reinforcement in the white compartment; on the fourth day: training session number 2 (T2), the animals were subjected to reinforcement in the white compartment and were injected immediately after training; on the fifth day: test, the preference of the animals between the two compartments was registered once more. The animals were divided into eight groups according to the treatment. Four groups were injected immediately after training: vehicle (n=25); nicotine 2.0mg/kg (n=24); mecamylamine 1.0mg/kg (n=25); mecamylamine 2.0mg/kg (n=24); and four groups were injected three hours after training: vehicle (n=15); nicotine 2.0mg/kg; mecamylamine 1.0mg/kg (n=15); mecamylamine 2.0mg/kg (n=15). The statistical analysis was carried out using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Student-Newman-Keuls test or the Friedman test. The variables submitted to the analysis were: the time spent in each compartment; the latency and the number of times the fish crossed from one compartment to the other. The results show that in the groups, which were injected immediately the animals, showed a natural preference for the black compartment before training. In the post-training, the vehicle and mecamylamine 1,0mg/kg groups showed less preference for the black compartment, indicating learning. In the nicotine group there was a significant difference (P<0.01) between the time spent in the black and white compartments, however the animals of this group maintained the preference for the dark environment. In the mecamylamine 2.0mg/kg group, the animals changed the preference between the compartments showing facilitation of the learning process. In relation to latency the animals of the vehicle, mecamylamine 1.0 mg/kg and 2.0mg/kg groups, presented a significant reduction (P<0.05) of the L between the days showing that the animals learned by positive reinforcement and retained the task on the day of the test. In the animals of the nicotine group, there was a significant difference (P<0.05) of latency just between the T2 and the test days, showing a slower learning process. In relation to the number of times the fish crossed from one compartment to the other there was not a significant difference between the groups treated, suggesting that the drugs had no effect on the locomotor activity of the animals. In the groups injected after three hours, the animals still preferred the black compartment, showing that there was not any pro-active effect of the drugs on the memory consolidation process. With regards to latency, our results suggest that there was cholinergic drug action on unspecific neural systems. Thus, it suggests that concerning the immediate groups in this model there was an effect on the learning process.
Aprender para ensinar, ensinar para aprender: um estudo do processo de aprendizagem profissional da docência de alunos-já-professores.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-11-28)
Lima, Soraiha Miranda de
;
Reali, Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues
This essay is included in the ambit of the searches that intend to make a profound study of the teacher s professional learning process. The studies made in the ambit of this perspective have evidenced that teacher s professional learning occurs along the life. It has a fundamental space of the continuous improvement in the quotidian action. This is delineated by the teacher s personal and professional biography. Nevertheless there is scarce information about the influences of the formation courses on the teacher s professional learning process and this is the purpose of this study oriented by the search question: What is the influence of the Pedagogy Course in the teacher s professional learning process of the pupils-already-teachers? To execute this work I selected six pupils-already-teachers of the 4th year of Pedagogy of the Campus of Rondonópolis, of the Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso and who are working in the initial classes of the fundamental education of the public system. This essay has as reference the qualitative approaches of the research and it uses the individual interview with profundity as main proceeding for the investigation. The information achieved with this study reveal that the school represented, in the pupils-already-teachers lives, an important perspective of social rising and the mastership was a more possible alternative of the study, maybe the only for them in the last of the fundamental education. The search also reveals that the entrance in the teaching profession was, to some extent, accidental . By the material circumstances they became teachers - although they wouldn t want to be one and they became steadies in the profession. So the teaching profession was not a deliberated and conscious professional choice. Moreover the information achieved with this search allow to localize places, institutions, people, contexts that contributed for the teacher s learning: experience with the student, practice in the classroom, dialogue whit the colleagues, dynamic of the school, courses, institutional assistance of bureau of the education, Pedagogy course. It was indicated as fundamental in the teacher s professional learning process because it helps them to understand the society and the work that happens in the inner of the classroom. The research reveals the teacher s professional learning is a complex and multidimensional process marked by the quotidian action and personals value. It also reveals that the information, experiences, practices, knowledge, theories divulged by the Pedagogy Course represented a fundamental opportunity of the learning of the pupils-already-teachers when they were articulated with their quotidian experiences in the classroom. So this study indicates that the teachers education transcends the course but it cannot do without him.
Estudo teórico do espalhamento de elétrons pelos radicais livres OH e NH
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2003-11-28)
Lozano, Norka Beatriz Huamán
;
Tao, Lee Mu
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5112032594921811
Recently, interest on studies of electron scattering by highly-reactive free radicals has grown mostly because their participation on many important processes in several fields such astrophysics, biological and earth s atmospheric studies, as well as in industrial applications. In this work, we report a theoretical study on electron collisions on two radicals, OH and NH. More specifically, calculated elastic differential, integral and momentum-transfer cross sections as well as total (elastic + inelastic) and total absorption cross sections in a wide incident energy range are reported. The main motivation of the present work is to fill partially the existent lacuna in the literatura for electron-radical interactions, since both theoretical and experimental data for such interactions are rare. It is also known that the experimental determination of electron-radical scattering cross sections are very difficult due to the high reactivity of these species. The present work covers incident energies in the (0.5-500.0)-eV range. A complex optical potential is used to describe the dynamics of electron-radical interaction whereas a combination of the Schwinger variational iterative method and the distorted-wave approximation is used to solve the Lippmann-Schwinger scattering equation. Our calculated results are compared with a few theoretical and experimental data for total ionization cross sections, available in the literature for these radicals. Comparison is also made with the results obtained from electron scattering by the molecules H2O e NH3, which are formed by the same chemical elements of the radicals. Several interesting points are observed in the comparison.