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Canais de distribuição para produtos da agricultura familiar: um estudo em hortaliças.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-27) Machado, Melise Dantas; Silva, Andrea Lago da
The intention of this work is to study marketing channel for products proceeding from small holders agriculture. Considering that small holders agriculture,in São Paulo State, represents 95% of the production of fresh vegetables, the focus this research falls again on the marketing channel of the related production. Initially a background revision was become about some topics to the subject, in special: marketing channels and small holders agriculture. In the empirical research, a multi-case study was made with small holders agriculture and involved companies in the distribution of fresh vegetables, in two subsequent phases. In the first, searched to understand the particularitities of small holders agriculture. Then, twenty-four small holders agriculture and five specialists of the area had been interviewed. In the second phase, twenty-four members of the retail market, wholesale market and food service companies had been interviewed, two managements of CEASAs, some agents who if had shown to potentials for the fresh vegetables distribution and non-small holders agriculture (patronal). To point out the reader to the studied sector, before the empirical analysis, a panorama of the marketing channels of fresh vegetables in São Paulo State was prepared. The sample included the main important involved in the distribution of fresh vegetables, except the final consumers, was possible to identify the currently channels used by the small holders agriculture, the main important agents in the marketing channel of these products and the requirements demanded for each agent. On the basis of such information, had been formulated some recommendations and suggestions about some alternatives channels for the distribution of fresh vegetables, as well as proposes for a better positioning of the small holder agriculture in the distribution of its products.
Escola e famílias: mundos que se falam? Um estudo no contexto da implementação da progressão continuada.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-27) Magalhães, Cleidilene Ramos; Tancredi, Regina Maria Simões Puccinelli
The aim of the present study was to analyze how school-families relations took place in the context of the implementation of the Continued Promotion (Progressão Continuada) policy at a public elementary school in the State of São Paulo. This research, of a qualitative nature, a multiple case study, made use of in-depth interviewing as the main methodological strategy with the educational agents (two teachers, one coordinator and the principal) and seven families and their respective children, 7th grade students. By investigating the school-families interactions in the context of public educational policies it was possible to comprehend, amongst other aspects, the participants opinions about the importance of the school, the teachers role, the quality of the teaching offered, the type of the relations the school establishes with the students families, the families access to the educational proposals developed by the school. Despite increasing indication in the educational literature and legislation on the need for closer school-families relations, the results show that these relations are yet to be constructed. Although all the participants consider these relations to be important there are some school aspects that hinder their satisfactory accomplishment. The existing school-families relations are based on power inequality and centered on the ideal and interests established by the school and its agents rather than on real possibilities of interaction with families and their children and on their aspirations. Besides being in a cultural disadvantageous situation as compared to the school participants, the families do not receive the necessary and proper clarifications about changes and innovations that directly or indirectly affect their children s schooling, but are summoned to assist in the difficulties found by the teachers as regards the students learning and behavior. In addition, the irregular and fragmented process of elaboration and implementation of public educational policies and their effects on the educative practices and school routines were analyzed, indicating some aspects to which education administrators should pay close attention if they intend to provide the citizens with higher quality education. Rather than being regarded as mere implementers of educational policies the school and the community should be regarded as actors in this process, since they are directly responsible for the successful implementation of the proposals, and they also have to endure their direct effects. If schools and families look upon each other as such and jointly reflect about and participate in the implementation of educational proposals, the latter may develop into more efficient and democratic school practices. Also, they may favor the democratization and participation in other spaces of society.
Sistema de leito de drenagem e sedimentador como solução para redução de volume de lodo de decantadores e reuso de água de lavagem de filtros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-27) Fontana, Antonio Osmar; Cordeiro, João Sergio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2572864522562875
Water supply systems utilize, in most cases, conventional Water Treatment Plants (WTPs). These plants use alum and ferric salts in their coagulation process, and produce residues (sludge) mainly in filter systems and decanter tanks. The produced residues may be toxic to man and are usually disposed of on environment without any kind of treatment, therefore causing pollution. They present fluid characteristic with low solid content and great amount of water. Such characteristic hampers its transportation and proper disposal. The Cardoso plant used to fit the profile of pollutant, dumping its untreated sludge directly into a nearby stream. As a solution to this problem a system with a drainage bed for the sludge from decanter tank and a sedimentation tank for the backwash water from filters have been built. The system was built within the plant area itself. The drainage bed consists of a brick tank with a gravel layer support coated with a geotextile. The solid mass from the dewatered sludge showed adequate conditions as far as characteristics necessary for its final transportation and proper disposal. The water drained from sludge (effluent) is sent to the sedimentation tank. The turbidity, solids and COD were greatly reduced. The system was designed for a less than 30 days utilization period. The sedimentation tank consists of a fiberglass vase installed in a position that allows it to also receive the effluent from the drainage bed. The clarified water is recirculated to the influent of the water treatment plant and the solids are pumped to the drainage bed together the sludge from decanter tank. The system s operation does not require much labor and equipment. The aim of the research carried out was to design and analyze the drainage bed behavior according to prototype developed in the PROSAB 2 research Tema IV, integrated with Sedimentation Tank. Such integrated technology is an effective solution for the great majority of Water Treatment Plants with available areas. It is recommended that such system (Drainage bed and Sedimentation Tank) to be implemented should be always arranged to properly each individual Water Treatment Plant. Further studies should be also made on alternative of throwing clarified water straight from decanter tank to filters before dumping the sludge into drainage bed.
Redes neurais construtivas para a classificação de padrões
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-27) Palma Neto, Luiz Garcia; Nicoletti, Maria do Carmo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6454154048263145
Constructive neural learning is a neural learning model that does not assume a fixed topology before training begins. The main characteristic of this learning model is the dynamic construction of the network hidden layers which occurs simultaneously with training. This research work investigates six constructive neural algorithms namely, tower, pyramid, tiling, upstart, Distal and cascade-correlation, evaluating each of them with relation to advantages and disadvantages, ease of training, size and topology of the network, restrictions and performance. The work presents a computational system (CONEB) which implements each algorithm. Results obtained by using the different algorithms in several knowledge domains are presented and analysed.
Sistemas locais de produção agroindustrial: um modelo de competitividade.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-27) Campeão, Patrícia; Batalha, Mario Otávio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1015001063418091
This work concerns the research field on agribusiness and local development. The importance of the agribusiness in the Brazilian economy has justified the wide discussion on forms of promoting the invigoration of the sector. The technological evolution of agriculture in the world and, in particular in Brazil, has induced the accomplishment of changes in the structure and in Agro industrial operation, resulting in a new organizational dynamic based on some key factors as specialization and flexibility. Those factors have been inducing the search for forms of productive organizations that favor the increase of competitiveness under the point of view of efficiency and of productive effectiveness, that is, to offer a product in the amount and in the quality disputed, and at the right moment. On the other hand, the development of agribusiness has also been seen under another angle, other than that addressing the economic growth purely. The need to understand and to minimize the present socioeconomic disparities in the Brazilian territory, has been guiding actions of development of agribusiness in the sense of seeking the satisfaction of economic and social factors present in each territory. For such, the social and cultural characteristics start to have greater influence in the detailing of actions of economical invigoration of a given territory. Thus, this work seeks to investigate theoretical approaches and practical cases associated to the concept of Local System of Production, based on the organization of productive activities based on proximity economies and on the interaction logic. For such, the methodology used incorporates the method of study of multiple cases and the techniques of direct and indirect documentation, and intense direct observation. This work proposes a model of development of the competitiveness of local systems of production, especially based on agribusiness. The model identifies factors relevant to the competitiveness of these systems, resulting from the interaction between factors of organizacional, institucional and social-cultural order present in the local environment. The results extend the knowledge of the social-economical dynamics of these types of productive systems, identifying the importance of the human capital and of the institutional capital in the development of the competitiveness of the local companies, especially those which are small sized, and in the economic and social growth of the territory, under the perspective of sustainable development.
Estudo da origem biossintética do ácido acético e determinação da acidez em amostras de vinagres comerciais via RMN de 2H e 1H
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-27) Boffo, Elisangela Fabiana; Ferreira, Antonio Gilberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3676462220401452; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3011157419125842
In this work we describe the use of NMR in the biosynthetic origin study of acetic acid and acidity determination in commercial vinegar samples. The sitespecific natural isotope fractionation of hydrogen and deuterium was investigated by 2H and 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (SNIF-NMR). This method is based on the ratio of deuterium/hydrogen content at a specific position (methyl site) of acetic acid molecule. The acetic acid, after ethanol fermentation, can be obtained from plants sugars with different biosynthetic mechanisms C3, C4 or CAM and resulting in different isotopic ratios. In this study we measured the isotopic ratio of vinegars obtained from C3 plants 98,6 111,8 ppm, C4 plants about 130 ppm, and CAM plants 106,0 ppm. We also measured contend of agrins, which are vinegars of alcohol and wine, 115,2 129,3 ppm, and for the synthetic acetic acid with higher value, 153,5 ppm. Commercial samples were obtained in the local shopping in São Carlos SP and the standard samples were obtained from reliable origin and provided isotopic ratio values used as reference. Sample acidity was studied through 1H NMR and by titration. These techniques provided acidity between 1 and 7%. Commercial samples showed acidity about 4% that agree with the values in product labels instruction.
Capacitação de conselheiros tutelares: instruir para aprimorar.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-27) Silva, Joviane Marcondelli Dias da; Williams, Lúcia Cavalcanti de Albuquerque; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6962646759651464
Estratégias e planejamento da produção de micro e pequenas empresas do ramo alimentício: estudos de caso.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-27) Bernardo, Júlio Samuel Sávio; Camarotto, João Alberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255
This work presents a discussion about models of production management of the micron and small companies (MSCs) in the food industry, that for having distinct characteristics, such as less capital, low technology, segmented market and nonprofessional administration, cannot follow the classic models of production management. In this work we try to understand how the strategies and the production planning of the MSCs work in the segment of chocolate based products, allowing its survival in the food industry. Four companies of the branch were studied and the actionresearch methodology was employed, as well as visits with application of questionnaires. One can conclude that each MSC has its proper logic of production management that is a consequence of the difficulties and circumstances faced by each one of them. In other words, each one possess its own strategies to attend the chance markets. These strategies, in general, are defensive.
Estudo fitoquímico de plantas das famílias Rutaceae e Meliaceae visando o isolamento de substâncias protótipos para o desenvolvimento de novos fármacos antichagásicos e antileischmanioses
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-27) Ambrozin, Alessandra Regina Pepe; Vieira, Paulo Cezar; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8923844563320377
This work involved the bioassay-guided study of Almeidea coerulea, A. rubra, Conchocarpus heterophyllus, Galipea carinata (Rutaceae), and Trichilia ramalhoi (Meliaceae). The bioassays were carried out with T. cruzi GAPDH and L. tarentolae APRT enzymes, and trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi as model assays. The results obtained with extracts and fractions showed that selected plants are promising source for the search of antiprotozoal compounds. Chemical investigation of active fractions (or extracts) allowed the isolation of 30 substances. Among them, 6 are described for the first time: an eudesmane sesquiterpene, pyranoflavones, a tetrahydrofuroquinoline alkaloid, an indolopyridoquinazoline alkaloid, an anthranilic acid derivative, and 1,5-diphenyl-1-pentanone; and 24 substances have already been described in the literature: β-sitosterol and stigmasterol, sitostenone, β-sitosteryl benzoate, lupeol, lupenone, flavone, 7-methoxyflavone, 5-hydroxyflavone, dictamine, kokusagine, skimmianine, δ-fagarine, isokokusagine, isoskimmianine, isodutaduprine, haplotusine, 1-methyl-2-phenyl-4-quinolone, arborinine, scoparone, scopoletin, marmesine, paprazine, N-transferuloyltyramine, and siringic acid. Among these substances, furoquinolone alkaloids isokokusagine and isoskimmianine were actives on the inhibition of APRT enzyme; marmesine was active on GAPDH enzyme; and haplotusine and the 1-methyl-2-phenyl-4-quinolone alkaloid showed significant trypanocidal activities. The biological results showed that a systematic investigation of active chemical classes is needed for determination of structure-activity relationship and obtaining more active substances, that could be used as targets for the development of new antichagasic and antileishmaniasis drugs.
Construção de espaços classificantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-02-27) Lübeck, Kelly Roberta Mazzutti; Barros, Tomas Edson; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5442017085057925; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0566437269280224
In this work we present a construction of classifying spaces for principal bundles by studying simplicial and co-simplicial objects over a category and as application we present the construction of Eilenberg-MacLane spaces K(G; n); where G is a (abelian if n > 1) group and n is a positive integer.