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Síntese e caracterização de nanopartículas de óxido de estanho (SnO2) obtidas a partir de suspensões coloidais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-09-23)
Lee, Eduardo Jian Hua
;
Longo, Elson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9848311210578810
A novel chemical route was use to obtain colloidal suspensions of SnO2 nanoparticles. The synthesis is based on the hydrolysis reaction of tin chloride (II), and allows the preparation of nanocrystals at room temperature. The growth behavior of the dispersed nanoparticles was studied in order to elucidate the mechanisms involved. For this purpose, the superficial properties of the nanoparticles were modified by adding the surfactant tetra-butyl ammonium hydroxide and by modifying the pH of the suspensions, which promotes variations in the surface charge and consequently in the agglomeration state. These samples were studied by transmission electron microscopy, and their optical properties were analyzed. The results indicate that the oriented attachment mechanism is significant even at room temperature. Hydrothermal treatments were applied over the suspensions, for further investigations in the growth behavior. The suspensions were also dilluted in alcohol and submitted to hydrothermal treatments, in order to verify if growth mechanism is inhbited. The results show that the Ostwald ripening process is not significant for tin oxide, due to its low solubility in the solvent. Therefore, it can be concluded that the oriented attachment mechanism is the dominant growth process for this material. The dilluted samples and those that were hydrothermally-annealed at lower temperatures presented lower growth rates. This result can be ascibed to the fact that oriented attachments occur when particles collide with a similar crystallographic orientation and, considering that the Brownian motion determines the particle velocity in suspension, the collision frequency increases with temperature and particle concentration. Finally, the photoluminescent properties of the SnO2 nanocrystals were characterized. The effective mass model was used to investigate the quantum confinement effects in the nanoparticles. The results are strong indicatives that the photoluminescence in the SnO2 nanocrystals is due to the radiative decay of free excitons.
Atividades de movimento na educação infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-09-24)
Metzner, Andreia Cristina
;
Mello, Maria Aparecida
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8338726751746542
Analyzing the actual state of the knowledge in the Movement area in the Infantile Education, we perceive the need of a deep investigation, mainly in that is related to the contents worked in this area with children from zero to six years old. The present research has as objectives to analyze the conception of the content present in the National Curricular References for the Infantile Education and to discuss how the movement activities can be characterized as content in this education level, using historic-cultural perspectives. The contents enrolled in the proposal of the MEC are not specified with clearness, allowing diverse pedagogical positions to be assumed by the teachers of Infantile Education. Far from representing something given to technically develop, or the selection of knowledge that belongs to diverse elaborated and formalized knowing scopes, the curricular content must be seen like parts of the culture accumulated by the society throughout its history. We took the bibliographical research as methodological procedure, once that this work is of theoretical nature. We saw that playing is the main activity of the child, in other words, its development governs the main changes in the psychic processes and in the personality of the small children. The playing is an activity that is carried through by means of actions and the movements give sense to these actions. The movement constitutes the support for all the construction of the psychic activity structure. Therefore, the movement been worked by intentional way, inserted in the playing context, becomes a central category in the development of the children activity.
Estudo de tendências e oportunidades no desenvolvimento sustentável para a reciclagem de veículos e seus materiais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-09-27)
Ciuccio, Marialice Thibes Ponzoni
;
Gregolin, José Angelo Rodrigues
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7842651773105125
The present study has the purpose of identifing and analysing the tendencies of vehicle recycling technologies focusing on shredder residue, PVC and heavy metals due to the importance of this area to the development of Brazilian automotive industry. Patents analysis and sources of secondary information based on methodologies about Competitive Intelligence and Technological Prospective were studied in order to map technologies, countries and organizations to discover where is the technological development. Also, it were analysed the perceptions of Brazilian recycling expertise regarding to the tendencies of having vehicle recycling systems implemented in Brazil. The main focus was the Brazilian fleet renovation, difficulties to be overcome and opportunities to be taken if Brazil implements this kind of systems. It was shown that the development of Brazilian vehicle recycling is dependent on its economic viability as per it is in United States where the vehicle recycling is highly developed even having no regulations regarding to end of life vehicles. Regarding to the use of PVC inside of vehicles, it was shown that, at present conditions, there is no problems for humans who are exposed to it. On the other hand, the maximum value of PVC present inside cars must be stablished since the plasticizer emissions are proportional to the PVC quantity. The main technology applied to PVC recycling refers to the recoverability of residues materials through mechanical treatments, polymerization and depolymerization process involving purifying process or PVC residues recycling. Although there is no questions regarding to heavy metals ban in vehicles, it is highly important the development of ecologic materials alternatives specially those which are pointed at European Directive Annex II due to its technical and economical availability. Some example are the substitution of Lead in elastomers as fluids hoses and powertrain components, Cr+6 as coating of fastening elements which require to be disconnected all over the years, etc. Also, the present study proposes a model to monitor the relevant vehicle recycling information and its tendencies in order to bring forward the implementation of vehicle recycling systems in Brazil.
Cultura negra na sala de aula: pode um cantinho de africanidades elevar a auto-estima de crianças negras e melhorar o relacionamento entre crianças negras e brancas?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-09-30)
Algarve, Valéria Aparecida
;
Silva, Petronilha Beatriz Gonçalves e
The objective of this study was to analize the conceptions of the white children and the black ones before the black people and their culture, to analize the characteristics of a project that aims at fighting racism and discrimination having a Cantinho de Africanidades as a starting point. By the agency of it, we will try to analize the different experiences of the children, the teacher and the family, identifying and describing the contributions of the developed activities on account of the education of the ethnic-racial relations to positive relations between the white children and the black ones. It was created a Cantinho de Africanidades at the investigated school, with a material space which was a permanent exposition of objects that showed the culture and history of the black people, but there was also a part that consisted of the relations of the children with the objects, texts, texts and, above all, with the other children. Several activities were developed during the school year and they showed the culture and history of the black people in Africa, in Brazil or in the diaspora. There was a remarkable improvement in the relationship between the white children and the black ones; there was acceptation of the black children, who previously hat not assumed themselves as such; the white children understood that there may be different cultures from theirs which can be as interesting as their own, and finally, there was the increase in the black children self-esteem when they realized they were members of a valorized culture.
Uso do data mining no estabelecimento de relacionamentos entre medidas de desempenho.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-09-30)
Custodio, Flavio Augusto
;
Martins, Roberto Antonio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3518820028045730
This work aims to propose a method to analyze the relationships between performance measures in a Performance Measurement System using historical performance data storaged in a datawarehouse or operational data store. There is a problem in the performance measurement area that it doesn t have methods to create relationships models between performance measures. The present methods that we have in academic researches don t help to build the relationships concerning historical performance data. Therefore, there is a trend to build the relationship between performance measures to reflect the desirable future, but it is also true that we have to learn about the past actions. Nowadays, with the increasing complexity in the organizations environment it is very difficulty to handle historical data about performance to identify relationship patterns without using concepts, techniques and tools of the Information Technology (IT) field. The variables contained in the performance measurement models are increasing continually so it is important to understand the complex net of relationships between performance measures in an organization. The stakeholders in the organization see the relationships between performance measures as trivial, but this doesn t help because the relationships are partial and subjective and the stakeholders that articulate the variables in most of the cases are accountable by the performance. It s expected that decision makers participate and share their models of relationships between performance measures and that it be the most comprehensive as possible. This work is important because it proposes to use the data mining philosophy to help building a method to understand relationship between performance measures with performance historical data. Hence, it will be possible to define and communicate the relationships between performance measures to the users of the organization and increase the use of performance measurement models. The proposed method presents a process to build and find relationships between performance measures data using data mining techniques. The IDEF0 procedure was used to present our approach.
Aprendizagem da docência possibilitada pela mediação de um processo de coordenação pedagógica construtivo-colaborativo, tendo a TV comercial como suporte para a formação de cidadãos críticos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-10-01)
Lourenço, Roberta Bezerra de Menezes Reiff
;
Lima, Emília Freitas de
The driving force of this Doctorate degree work was the alert presented by the results of the Master of Science work (Reiff-Lourenço, 1999) that pointed to the vital importance of the professor who performs the task of conducting discussions and considerations about the critical-pedagogical analysis with regard to the use of the TV in school, to question it and to allow students to come to their own conclusions. Thus, I drove my attention to the way that the continuous formation is processed and studied this process within a constructive-collaborative methodology. In the school where I work as Pedagogic Coordinator, I created a special schedule for the construction of a new practice associated to the use of the TV in the classroom. Only interested professors participated in this practice. I took over the researching/coordinating function and thus, the Special Group was created based on the collaborative work. I wrote under the perspective of a Pedagogue who performs the Pedagogical Coordinator function, interferes on reality and produces knowledge. The work intended to respond to the following research question: What professional learning occurs to a group of professors who work in a constructive-collaborative pedagogical coordination process that uses the Commercial TV as support for the formation of critical citizens? The theoretical basis for the intervention = investigation is part of my Master of Science Dissertation that was utilized as supporting material written and as transparencies read, studied, analyzed and discussed with other professors during the Doctorate degree process. This material was the base of the construction of new pedagogical practices, dealing with the topic School, Television and Critical Formation including the following aspects: what forming a critical citizen is; what is the relation between television and critical formation; how television emerged and developed in Brazil; which types of television networks are available; to what groups they belong to; what are they interested in; how television has influenced and has been influenced by history since its emergence until the current days; what television viewers search when they turn the TV on; what is the objective of the Mass Culture; what is the role of the advertisement in the Mass Culture. Finally, this work intended to study in which ways the television could contribute for the citizen to be involved with reality and how the dialogue could contribute for the relation school, television and critical formation. The Collaborative Work was vital for the Special Group to be strengthened in order to work the criticism of the own practice. Through the collaborative work the participants helped each other, exchanged ideas, doubts and experiences. Professors should experiment, as apprentices, the type of instruction that the educational reforms promote. Through the Teaching and Apprenticeship Experiences the professors experienced the TV critical-pedagogical utilization as apprentices and concurrently, produced knowledge. Finally, as researcher/coordinator and through this intervention ⇔ investigation experience in addition to the literature studied, I could notice how important the role of the pedagogical coordinator is, above all in the continuous formation process of the group coordinated. This professional is responsible for providing opportunities for professors/apprentices to develop meanings and to construct a critical thought. The coordinator should be theoretical and methodological support, present emotional balance, encourage the professors missions, provide study, discussion and experiences exchange environments and always invest in the collaborative work in order to construct along with the group, the content of what to teach with the clearness of the social function of the school. The experience revealed to be successful and indicates the compromise of including the critical-pedagogical use of the Commercial TV in the political-pedagogical project of the mentioned school and to extend this experience to other schools, especially those from the public net.
Um estudo sobre a creche: o que as práticas educativas produzem e revelam sobre a questão racial?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-10-04)
Oliveira, Fabiana de
;
Abramowicz, Anete
The developed research characterizes as a study of descriptive case of related qualitative nature to the practical day-care center and that it involves the analysis of the educative ones and the treatment of the racial question in the between zero and three years of age. The relevance for the development of the project is based on the importance of the research for the black community as an subsidy for the questioning of the racial relations in Brazil since the infantile education and due to the exiguity of works also involving this educational segment and the racial relations. Adding itself also to this, the importance of the research for the area of educative practical infantile education aiming at the confrontation of homogeneity and racism. The objectives of the research had been the following: to elaborate a theoretical synthesis from the studies carried through on the infancy of the black child in the racial research and to analysis the educative practical ones that occurs in the day-care center, with emphasis in the black child, verifying the ways for which these practical produce and disclose the question racial. The research was developed with black children of a day-care center of the municipal net of education of São Carlos (SP), during a period of learning semester. The collection of data was carried through using the following resources: interview and comment accomplishment daily of field with the professionals of the day-care center. The theoretical syntesis concerning the question of the black child was carried through from a bibliographical survey on the studies carried through on this child and later production of the bibliographical revision for the elaboration of the syntesis, intending itself thus, to give subsidies for the production of information that will contribute to supply the racial question to the infantile education. Forty-five articles had been found, amongst which, fourteen indicated in the heading the reference to the black child and thirty-one did not make this reference. As referencial theoretician, the studies developed on the racial relations from the theoretical source of Paul Gilroy and Stuart Hall had been used searching to also articulate these contributions in the understanding of the treatment of the racial questions in the daycare center and the studies of Michel Foucault and Gilles Deleuze.
Presença da educação brasileira na base de dados Francis® : uma abordagem bibliométrica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-10-06)
Hayashi, Carlos Roberto Massao
;
Ferreira Junior, Amarilio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0748545841167046
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9136586124586219
This work had as objective a bibliometric analysis of the brazilian scientific production on the education thematic, present in an international database, a database Francis® of the Institut de l`Information Scientifique et Technologique INIST of the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS, in the France. The adopted methodology was developed in two stages: first, revision of literature of the research and scientific production in education, scientific communication, databases and bibliometrics studies. The second, constituted of the information collected in the database FrancisÒ: autors, authors affiliation, publication type, keywords, publication language, editor country, publication year, imprenta, abstracts, terms french, english, spanish, among others. The gotten results had been analyzed using automatized tools for treatment and bibliometric analysis. We can appoint that the scientific production in the education area in the Brazil have an important presence in the database Francis® and information visibility and accessibility on education in Brazil.
Integração entre ecologia de bacias hidrográficas e educação ambiental para a conservação dos rios da serra do mar no estado do Paraná
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-10-07)
Marques, Paulo Henrique Carneiro
;
Oliveira, Haydée Torres de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5458113597909705
The catchment areas on the eastern and western slopes of Serra do Mar Mountains (Paraná state, Brasil) are sites of strategic interest to the conservation of riverine ecossystems, as they provide water supply to about 2,5 million people. The main objective of this study was to develop a riverine ecological research directly linked to an Environment Education program in public schools, in order to support a wide environmental planning for these spring areas. The study was developed troughout four guidelines, presented on the four chapters described below: Chapter I - Comparative ecological study of streams in western and eastern slopes of Serra do Mar Mountains, Paraná State, Brasil. This study was carried out in the Piraquara River Basin (eastern slope Upper Iguaçu River Basin) and the Marumbi River Basin (western slope Oceanic basin). The main objectives were to describe the limnological features of aquatic ecossystems and to analyse possible effects of the Serra do Mar Mountain slope as orographic barrier for the oceanic air masses loaded of humidity and nutrients. The results can be taken as an important basis for a wide biological monitoring program to the regional watersheds. Chapter II Watershed spatial zoning based on limnological variables: a methodology for environmental planning and Environmental Education. Starting from results presented in chapter one, this study presents a methodology of spatial zoning based on the aquatic environment features, standing out the advantages of this method for the watershed planning and monitoring. Furthermore, the benefits to support Environmental Education programs based on environmental study at different levels of educational curriculum were analised, as well as the methodology value as a didactical framework to improve the student comprehension about structure and function of lotic ecossystems and the relationship between water quality and anthropogenic effects. Chapter III - River basin assessment and their integration to the curriculum of primary and secondary formal education. Starting from the concept of River Basin as a natural unit for environmental management under ecological, social and economical points of wiew, this work was carried out with the goals of developing, applying and evaluating an Environment Education framework to river basins, troughout the study of local environmental problems. The framework embraced some methodological issues to environmental description and the development of a water quality analysis toolkit, based on the traditional tools of scientific procedures. The framework and the toolkit were tested and evaluated through an intervention program in public schools. Chapter IV Environmental Education and transversality: an experience on curriculum planning whith teachers of public schools in Curitiba Brasil. This paper describes a concrete experience of integrating Environmental Education on formal curriculum, based on the concept of transversality, in teachers formation classes applied to 350 teachers of 21 public schools (about 13% of the local public schools). Troughout a participatory framework, the teachers developed the integrated matrix of curriculum , founded on the technics of conceptual keywords mapping, in order to achieve a curricular planning centralized by the local environmental issues and problems of the watershed management.
Síntese e caracterização de nanofitas de óxido de estanho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-10-08)
Aguiar, Rosiana
;
Leite, Edson Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1025598529469393
Tin oxide nanoribbons were synthesized by a carbothermal method, which is based on evaporation-condensation reactions. The source material was composed of commercial tin dioxide (SnO2) powders mixed with carbon black. This mixture was placed in the center of a tube furnace. The carbon reduces tin dioxide, resulting in tin oxide (SnO) vapor, which is carried to colder regions of the furnace, where condensation takes place and SnO2 nanoribbons are formed. During the synthesis, the furnace was heated up to 1250oC for 2 hours. The effect of the furnace atmosphere was also studied in this work. In this manner, one-dimensional tin oxide nanostructures with different oxidation states were obtained (SnO, Sn2O3 and SnO2). The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. It was possible to distinguish two growth mechanisms for the prepared nanostructures. The vapor-solid (VS) mechanism seems to be the most probable growth process for the SnO2 and Sn2O3 nanostructures. On the other hand, a self-catalytic vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) mechanism can be ascribed to the formation of SnO nanowires. Finally, a experimental procedure was developed to verify the possibility of preparing doped tin oxide nanoribbons. Antimony oxide (III) was added as a dopant in tin oxide powders by the oxide mixture method. The resultant material was mixed with carbon black and used as a source powder for the preparation of the doped nanostructures. The samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Although there are some evidence on the doping of the tin oxide nanoribbons with antimony, it was not possible to directly confirm it.
Sexualidade e deficiência mental: impacto de um programa de orientação para famílias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-10-08)
Amaral, Mariana Clivati do
;
Cortegoso, Ana Lúcia
Considering the relevance of the family in the process of sexual education and for the promotion of the development of mental disabled people, the objective of this study was to identify possible variable that can have influenced the changes in the conceptual repertoires and of behaviors of eight parents of mental disabled teenagers and adults, through of a Program of Sexual Orientation that included information about concepts and behaviors in relation to the sexuality of mental disabled people. The Program of Sexual Orientation was developed by means of activities and quarrels guided for considered aspects excellent constituted of conditions to facilitate the doubts and anxiety manifestations from the participants, inclusion of social determinants in the analysis of the situation involving sexuality, conditions to facilitated the identification of values and behaviors presents and important in situations that involve sexuality, presentation of practices and concretes situations involving sexuality for examination by the participants and conditions to facilitate de examination of the influence of parents values and behaviors over theirs disabled suns behaviors. Two independents groups were arranged, each one with parents of users from a different institution, both with equal number of participants. The data for characterization and verification of eventual changes in the repertoires of the participants were obtained by means of structuralized interviews individual. Introduced for one group in a week and for the other in two weeks later, the program was applied in five sessions with each group. The design used was before and after for each group. All the changes observed in the accounts of the participants of the two groups, from the exposition to the program, they had been of unfavorable for favorable in terms of sexual development of mental disabled people, in relation the aspects as: a) capacity of the mental disable suns and daughters of having sexual wishes, to understand sexual issues, to control their sexual manifestations and to construct affective relationships; b) incentive the social contacts amplification and social integrate; c) compatibility of the treatment given to family members which presents mental deficiency considering their age and emotional maturity, incentive the autonomy and independence; d) compromising of the family in the sexual education and offer reports about sexuality and constraint to deal with sexual issues; e) acceptance or repression to sexual manifestation and recognition of their suns and daughters mental disabled rights of exercise the sexuality. The changes had varied in degree and distribution of a group for another one and inside of the same group, for different people. Age of the daughters, initial repertoire and characteristics of the institution are some possible variables that can be related to these differences among participants and between groups.
Dinâmica de sistemas como alternativa para alocação de professores temporários: caso UFSCar.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-10-13)
Brigante, Cinthia Serenotti
;
Pereira, Neocles Alves
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3744216524256924
Avaliação dos espaços urbanos segundo a percepção das pessoas idosas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-10-20)
Lunaro, Adriana
;
Ferreira, Marcos Antonio Garcia
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2643134259454260
This work is the result of a research accomplished in the city of Barretos-SP, with the purpose of to identify and to evaluate the variables of physical and environmental characterization of the sidewalks and public walks, destined to the pedestrians' circulation, under the comfort aspects, safety and environmental conditions. For identification of the variables, a research was accomplished with technicians of the engineering areas, architecture, physiotherapy, medicine, nursing, physical education, transports and psychology using the Method of Delphi. For evaluation of the chosen variables for the technicians, a new research was accomplished with seniors, with age starting from 60 years, where the Technique of the Declared Preference was used. It was verified that the technicians prioritize the variables that are related the a level of acceptable service for the walk and that for the seniors the favorite atmosphere for the walks should present, in first place, comfortable conditions for the movement, without any obstacles and to offer safety mainly during the crossing of the streets. The result of this work can contribute to the definition of plans and projects to facilitate the people's accessibility with some deficiency type or with reduced mobility and to identify the places where are necessary improvements and modifications.
Desenvolvimento e aplicação de eletrodos compósitos à base de borracha de silicone e grafite
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-10-21)
Oliveira, Aline Carlos de
;
Cavalheiro, Éder Tadeu Gomes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4745280891704797
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0599813668091957
Composite electrodes were prepared using graphite powder and silicone rubber in different compositions. The use of such hydrophobic materials interned to diminish the swallowing observed in other cases when the electrodes are used in aqueous solutions for a long time. The composites were characterized for the response reproducibility, ohmic resistance, thermal behavior and effective area. The voltammetric response in relation to analysts with knows voltammetric behavior was also evaluated, always in comparison with the glassy carbon. Licrean responses were observed for [Fe(CN)6]3- at 50 and 100 mVs-1 scan rates. The electrode 70% (graphite, w/w) was used in the quantitative determination of hydroquinone (HQ) in a DPV procedure in which a detection limit of 5.08x10-8 molL-1 was observed. Hydroquinone was determined in a photographic developer sample with errors lower then 1% in relation to the label value. Dopamine was also determined using a DPV procedure with detection limit of 1.1x10-6molL-1. When pharmaceutical samples containing dopamine were analyzed errors lower then 5% were observed in relation to the label value.
Construção de saberes, criação de fazeres: educação de jovens no hip hop de São Carlos.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-10-22)
Siqueira, Cristiano Tierno de
;
Oliveira, Maria Waldenez de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3404769527869004
This research started on March, 2002, at the Program of Post Graduation in Education (UFSCar) Concentration area: Teaching Methodology. The knowledge s construction presented here has, as co-labors, the youngsters from São Carlos Hip-Hop and the main matter of this research refers to the educative processes that permeates their quotidian, the way they educate themselves and the way they educate other persons from their communities. We had, therefore, as the aim of this study, the undestanding and the sistematization of the educative processes present at the practice of those youngsters, willing to contribute to the valorization of educational practices on Youth Movements and on elaboration of related politics . Therefore, we have followed up with their activities, as weekly meetings, artistic events, educational activities and parties. Based on those follow-ups we have gatthered material for to the elaboration of one interviewing guide, developed with four youngsters (three young men and one young woman). Data obtained were organized for analisys at the followings focuses: Hip-Hop, São Carlos Hip-Hop, the Hip-Hop doing in São Carlos, Hip-Hop and communities, Hip-Hop and Youth and São Carlos Hip-Hop s Youth education. Data analisys revealed some present values in life of those persons, as love for what each one does, the need of collective work, responsability, belonging to a community, respect, effort and criativity. Those values are ilustrated at the Rap s lirics conception, at the organization and presentation of artistic events, at the art educational workshops. All those values and actions look for the creation, the invention of a quotidian with better conditions of life, looking for disrupt the reprodution of the realities. We believe that this research brings contributions in order of thinking in education that permeates social practices in non-scholar places, and to re-think the education in scholar places.
Desenvolvimento e caracterização de blendas e de compostos empregando polímeros biodegradáveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-10-25)
Casarin, Suzan Aline
;
Agnelli, José Augusto Marcondes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7592090152400440
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9959295737759646
This work presents theoretical information and experimental data on the behavior of biodegradable polymers and blends of biodegradable PHB polymer with copolyesters that are also biodegradable. Binary mixtures were made of the biodegradable polymer poly(hydroxybutyrate) PHB and biodegradable copolyesters, Eastar Bio® and Ecoflex®, in the following PHB/copolyester compositions: 100/0, 90/10, 75/25, 50/50, and 0/100. For the PHB/copolyester blend of 75/25, modifications with 30% of wood powder in two different grain sizes were studied. The polymeric blends were prepared and their mechanical and thermal properties and morphology evaluated. An analysis of their biodegradation in soil was also made. It was found that the mechanical properties of PHB polymer are improved by incorporating 50% of copolyester into the polymeric blend. Analyses of the melt flow index also revealed that the three polymers studied here are unstable and degrade along time, a behavior displayed particularly strongly by Easter Bio. A thermal analysis by Differential Scanning Calorimetry indicated that these polymers have a very slow crystallization rate. A Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis of the blends indicated they are immiscible, as indicated by two different Tg peaks very close to the Tg of the pure polymers. All the polymers subjected to the soil biodegradation tests underwent degradation with a loss in mass, although only superficial alterations which did not interfere in their mechanical properties occurred during the 90-day evaluation period.
A Sustentabilidade de empreendimentos rurais: um estudo a partir da implantação do turismo no estado de São Paulo.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-10-27)
Esteves, Marcio Cesar
;
Nantes, José Flávio Diniz
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1900976112613026
The rural tourism arrived in Brazil in the middles of the decade of 1980, primarily for being a way to generate financial revenues complementary and supplementary, so necessary to help the weak financial situation of the rural production units, specially the small ones, deriving from many issues that limited the capacity of getting financial return from these properties. Until the middle of the 1990 s decade that activity stayed restricted to the south of the country, mainly the state of Santa Catarina, with a few of initiatives out of this region. The main question that originates this project is the establishment of a relation between the development of the rural tourism and the increasing of a higher sustainability of the units of rural production where the tourism is developed. That higher sustainability is a result of better environment achieved, the creation of jobs, besides the utilization of the new tools of management by the entrepreneurs, especially in planning. In spite of the countless differences between the rural production units, common traces were found between the companies and their managers, primarily the capacity of developing successful business based, in a general view, on the same premises. It emphasized the protection of the environment after the rural tourism started, checked by higher protection of the nascent (sources), ciliary forests, hills (mountains) and other formations, expansion of the natural cover vegetable area and the decreasing of negative impacts that could be deriving from the agriculture and cattle raising activities. In the economics dimension it is possible to examine with more clearness the benefits ot the activity, such as the extension of the UPR s revenues, the investments in infra structure and a big satisfaction with this activity, because of the increasing income and the minimizing of the problems faced during the typical seasonal period of the agriculture and cattle raising activity. Another verification was based on the extension of the management capacity of the entrepreneurs, making use of mechanisms such as projecting. On the social view, many positive aspects were verified, such as the rural culture, interchange with the visitors, as well as the involvement of the whole family in an activity that, before creating material resources, generates, on the exercise of hospitality, a great personal satisfaction, as well as an elevation on the self esteem and the pride. In this way, verifies that the implantation of the rural tourism, when well planned, makes the unity of rural production more sustainable, through developing better conditions related to the environment, promoting social inclusion, valorization of the local culture, generating extra revenues and new jobs. All these factors together convert to the real sustainability of the rural production unit, moreover helping to build sustainable communities.
Avaliação da implantação de um Sistema de Informações Geográficas no SNIS - Sistema Nacional de Informações sobre Saneamento
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-10-28)
Venturieri, Alberto Vieira
;
Teixeira, Bernardo Arantes do Nascimento
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1166854416745527
Iinformation represents a basic precept for the development of several sectors. It s vital that sectors like health and sanitation, for example, knows all the variables linked to the provision of the services, aiming to address public policies wich can contribute to the improvement and achievments of this services to all trends of society.Tools wich can contribute to the treatment and analysis of information must be incorporated to day by day activities of those responsable to produce and publish them. The present work describes and analyses an application in Geoprocessing focus on BISWSS - Brazilian Information System on Water Supply and Sanitation. The implementation of GIS Geographic Information System represents an important contribution to the BISWSS development, supporting estrategical decisions and the future analises.
Respostas metabólicas e de crescimento de matrinxãs (Brycon cephalus, Günther, 1869) submetidos ao exercício sustentado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-10-28)
Hackbarth, Araceli
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Moraes, Gilberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4427903557163246
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3171356543040552
The fish farm is becoming a promising commercial activity, however, in Brazil only 1% of the fish culture potential is explored, meanly due to the lack of studies on our Neotropical fish. The matrinxã, Brycon cephalus, is very appreciated species for many qualities as fast growth, easy adaptation to commercial food and exquisite tasty fillet. Like reofilic fishes, the rapids are their natural environment, making these species an ideal subject for studies that correlate exercise and growth. There are many kinds of activities in which fish can swim against water current at different speeds and length of time. The strenuous exercises, besides few experienced in vivo, present serious metabolic disturbances. On the other hand, the sustained swimming can improve the feed conversion rate and the growth. Such modifications are also expected for less active fish, since adequate speeds are reached for them. In this kind of exercise aerobic metabolism is preferential and it can be maintained for long periods without present fatigue. For all such, the purpose of this work was to appraise the effects of sustained swimming on the performance of matrinxã, submitted to sustained swimming for 37 and 72 days at 42 cm.s-1. Eighty matrinxãs were randomly divided in four groups of twenty fish (45 ± 17g; 14 ± 2cm). Two of these groups were exercised in circulating-water tanks (E37 and E72), swimming counter current for 37 and 72 days, respectively, at 42cm.s-1. The other two groups (C37 and C72) remained in static-water tanks for the same trial periods. At the end of each trial period, 13 fish from each group were weighed, the size was gauged, and blood samples were collected for growth, hematological, ions and metabolite determinations. After these procedures, fish were killed and liver, white and red muscles were excised, in order to determine the metabolite responses, the metabolic enzyme activities and the RNA/protein rate. The matrinxãs presented different responses for different periods of exercise. However, the exercise improved the growth rates for both exercised groups, with decrease of protein consume for energetic demands. The hematological responses of both exercised groups point to a better oxygen and nutrient transport, in spite of the major energy cost. Spite of E72 group had consumed proteins, matrinxãs incorporated more amino acids and protein in their white muscle, which improved the matrinxã growth rate. The reduced levels of sugars, glycogen and lipids in E72 white muscle indicate that matrinxã exercised for 72 days, utilizes preferentially the glycolytic and lipid pathways. The better-feed conversion rates plus the major growth of exercised matrinxãs, meanly in E72, make us sure that moderate exercise is recommended as a good practice for matrinxã farming.
Remodelamento do miocárdio no exercício com componente anaeróbico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2004-10-29)
Verzola, Roberto Mário Machado
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Araújo, Heloísa Sobreiro Selistre de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4065824911933203
The extracellular matrix (ECM) components are continuously synthesized and degraded at distinct rates in a process called remodeling involving the expression of matrix metallopeptidases (MMPs) and their inhibitors (TIMPs) in physiological (growth, exercise) or pathological (high blood pressure, myocardial infarction) conditions. The expression of myosin heavy chain (MHC) α and β in the myocardium also changes in response to physiological (exercise) and pathological (energy deprivation, hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus, hypertension) stimulus. The aim of this work was to study the influence of acute swimming training in Wistar male rats (160-180g) for 6hr/day, in 3 sessions of 2 hr each for 1 to 5 consecutive days, on the MMPs and MHC β expression, compared to the sedentary control group. Blood lactate concentration and heart weight/body weight relation were also determined. Heart weight was increased in relation to body weight in the groups that trained for 4 (p<0.05) and 5 days (p<0.01). Blood lactate levels after all training sessions were significantly increased in all days. Morphological analysis showed no alterations or inflammatory signs compared to controls. The expression of MHC β was analyzed by real time RT-PCR showing that it was significantly increased only after 5 days of training (p<0.01). After 4 days, a tendency to increase was observed but it was not significant. Zymography analysis of muscle extracts indicated a single 66kDa activity band that was significantly increased after 3 (p<0.05), 4 and 5 days (p<0.001) and this activity was enhanced in proportion to the duration of training. In conclusion, the heart of small rodents may be biochemical and functionally early conditioned after an acute program of swimming with an anaerobic component.