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Catalisadores de Ni/Al2O3 promovidos com Au e Ag aplicados à reforma a vapor do metano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-04-08) Rocha, Kleper de Oliveira; Bueno, José Maria Corrêa; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0157452280626031
15%Ni/Al2O3 catalysts was obtained by impregnation with Ni(NO3)2 aqueous solution and promoted with Au and Ag. The Au was successively impregnated with aqueous solution of [Au(NH3)4](NO3)3. The Ag was coimpregnated with aqueous solution of AgNO3- Ni(NO3)2. The effect of Ag and Au on the catalytic behavior of Ni/Al2O3 catalysts in the reaction of steam reforming of CH4 was elucidate. The catalysts were characterized by temperatureprogrammed reduction (TPR), temperature-programmed dessorption of H2 (TPDH2) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of CO adsorption. TPR results indicated that NiO is in weak interaction with support and the temperature reduction of NiO is independent of Ag and Au presence. FTIR data of CO adsorbed showed that Ag and Au suppress the CO adsorption in poli-coordination relative to the linear CO. Ag or Au on the Ni surface presents a determinant role in the block of graphitic carbon formation in the reaction of steam reforming of CH4. The fit of Arrhenius equation to rate of the total reaction showed a compensation effect between the apparent activation energy (Ea ap) and logarithmic of prefactor (k0). The linear increase of Ea ap with rise of lnk0 is observed increasing Ag and Au loading, which is followed by decreasing of the catalytic activity. Theses results suggest that the CHx intermediates, formed in the determinant stage of global velocity, show low interaction of with surface of Ni. The increase of the resistance for graphite formation by presence of Ag or Au is mainly attributed to the block of highly uncoordinated Ni atoms, which are higher activity to activation of CH4 and act as nucleation site for graphite formation.
Estudo da reação de formação do pigmento cerâmico azul (V-ZrSiO4) a partir de SiO2, ZrO2 e V2O5
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-04-08) Cabrelon, Marcelo Dezena; Boschi, Anselmo Ortega; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3259846931278607; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1705435326010511
The present work aimed to study the process of synthesis of one of the most important ceramic pigments manufactured by the traditional method of oxide mixture: the turquoise blue of vanadium doped zircon. The plan proposed to this work was subdivided in four stages with own and complementary objectives to the general objective of the work, which is to identify the role played by the main involved variable in the reaction of synthesis of the pigment in question. Considering that, the reaction of synthesis of blue pigment V-ZrSiO4 consists basically on the synthesis of the ZrSiO4 from SiO2 and ZrO2, Part I studied the effect of the characteristics of raw materials, the method and conditions of mixture and the conditions of calcinations on the reaction of synthesis of zirconium silicate, witch indicated that the mixture method acts in decisive way in the process in solid state of zircon formation. Part II correlated the effect of the amount of inserted doped in crystalline lattice and its influence in the strong color capacity of obtained products, as well as its stability in aggressive glass ways, that showed to the saturation of the crystal host from 7% of used, beyond the slightly harmful influence of the time and temperature of burning in the observed final color. Parts III and IV aimed to study the viability of using the tools of statistical planning of experiment, in the studied of the variable using traditional analysis in part I e II. The results indicated a total correlation between the methodologies, in which the statistical tools generated results with bigger load of information with minimum number of experiments.