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Fitoquímica, quimiossistemática e busca de novos fármacos antichagásicos e antileishmanioses: estudo de Raputia praetermissa (Rutaceae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-08-31) Rosas, Lisandra Vieira; Silva, Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0457632122660653
Raputia praetermissa (Engler) Emmerich is a tree found only in the Forest Reserve Adolpho Ducke, Amazonas, Brazil. The genus Raputia was originally described by Engler and many species were included in this genus, but in 1978, Emmerich proposed three new genera Neoraputia, Raputiarana e Sigmathantus in order to accommodate six species, four belonging to the genus Raputia, which is assigned into the tribe Cuspariae, and two that had not been described yet. From our knowledge no previous phytochemical work has been reported on Raputia. Therefore, this study describes phytochemical and chemosystematic investigation and the search of compounds with trypanocidal and leishmanicidal activity from roots of R. praetermissa. The phytochemical work involved crude extract preparation, followed by fractionation and isolation of compounds thorough different chromatography methods. Spectroscopic analyses permitted the identification of them and the results showed the presence of new substances in addition to those isolated previously. Here we reported the isolation and identification of the new compounds: two new limonoids, 11β,19α-dihydroxi-7- deoxo-7-acetoxy-ichangin e 11β,19α-oxide-7-deacetoxy-7-hidroxy-ichangin, two new prenylated indoles alkaloids, 5-[(3 -dimethylalil-4 -methylidene)-2 -tetrahidrofuran-2 - il]-indol e 5-[(4 -carbomethoxy)-furan-2 -il]-indol and a new bisindol alkaloid, 5 ,6 -[5- methyl-5(7-indol-5 -il-etene-6,7-diil)-3(1-methylprop-2-en-2-il)]-ciclopentane-5 ,6 -diilindol. The following known substances were also obtained: T-cadinol, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol, 3-[2 ,6 -dimethoxy-6 ,6 -dimethylpyrano(2 ,3 :3 ,4 ) phenyl]-methylpropionate, 3-oxo-cadinol, lanosta-7,24-dien-21-oic acid-3-oxo, dictamine, γ-fagarine, 1-methyl-4-methoxy-2-quinolone, tricoccin S13 acetate, 6- formylindol. Our results showed that the chemical classes isolated from R. praetermissa roots are common to the Rutaceae family, but the prenylated indol alkaloids are not. These compounds are new classes of prenylated indol alkaloids. However, all isolated compounds confirm the assigned it into the tribe Cuspariae. In addition, the compounds were evaluated for: a) in vitro biological activity against trypanosomastigotes forms of Trypanosoma cruzi and amastigotes forms of Leishmania braziliensis; b) enzymatic inhibitory activity on glyceraldehydes- XXXII phospato-dehidrogenase (gGAPDH) of T. cruzi and enzymatic inhibitory activity on adenine-phosphoribosyl-transferase (APRT) of Leishmania tarentolae. None of isolated substances were promising against T. cruzi in vitro test as well as in enzymatic experimental models (gGAPDH e APRT) from which they not showed enzymatic inhibitory activity. Conversely, the T-cadinol was active against L. braziliensis and results in DL50 44 µM.
Sistemas de indicadores de qualidade de vida: análise das experiências de Belo Horizonte, Ontário, Porito, Chillán e Ovalle
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-08-31) Salas, Juan Carlos Guillén; Silva, Ricardo Siloto da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5346985934880710
Researchers, public employees and technical person in charge of the Urban Planning, more and more, need instruments that serve as support in the process for taking decisions in the formulation of strategies and politics destined to the preservation or improvement of the social well-being. In that sense, considering the potentiality that presents the study of the Quality of Life for the development of those instruments, the present work has as objective to analyze and to criticize some experiences that tried to operate the study of the Quality of Life when it is applied in the activity of the Urban Planning. In such objective, a revision of the technicianscientific literature about Quality of Life was accomplished with the purpose of being formed a theoretical referential on the theme, referential necessary for taking place the persecuted analysiscritic. Still, it was accomplished the identification and presentation of four instruments that intended to analyze and to evaluate the Quality of Life in the environment urban, contemporaries instruments, located in different contexts: Brazil, Canada, Portugal and Chile. The study was concluded with a critic of the same ones, having used the following analysis categories: managements, objective, conception, dimensions, form of elaboration of the instrument, structure and spatial reach. As resulted of the work was found that, in the analyzed experiences, the study of the Quality of Life in the urban environment has been a concern of the partner between the public management and academic research with the objective of evaluating the social well-being to give support the process for taking decisions in the formulation of the strategies and politics necessaries for the preservation or improvement of that well-being. The Quality of Life in the urban environment, in such those experiences, it has been considered as synonym of the conditions of life of the population or as the combination of the conditions of life and satisfaction of the population with those conditions,. Conceptions that have been approached through a dimension objective-material-quantitative (conditions of life of the population) and other subjective-immaterial-qualitative one (satisfaction of the population), dimensions that have been resulted of a vision technical or academic. The instruments have been operated through different domains, variables and indicators. The indicators, mainly, they have been developed with an objective-quantitative character, the ones that have been leaned in some cases with a satisfaction research - subjective-qualitative character -. The instruments have been developed with capacity of application in form spatially disaggregated in function of the homogeneity of the groups of people. Such resulted have been opposed with the theoretical referential showed from the revision of the technician-scientific literature about Quality of Life showing some observations in the conception, complementarity of the dimensions and participation of the population in the construction of the instruments. The Quality of Life, in the literature, it is pointed as the level of satisfaction of the population in function of their condition of life, the one that is evaluated from the particular values of the same population in a physical context". Situation that distinguish the satisfaction and condition of life of the population as the two dimensions under the which it has to be examined (dimensions objective and subjective), dimensions that have to refer the same subjects and; the particular values of the population as the aspect under which the priorities of the same population might be reflected with the participation the same one in the construction of the instruments. Key words: Urban planning, Quality of urban life - index, Indicators of quality, Methods of evaluation.
Uma generalização do teorema de Ljusternik-Schnirelmann
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-08-31) Palmeira, Eduardo Silva; Barros, Tomas Edson; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5442017085057925
The purpose of this work is to present a generalized version of the classic Ljusternik-Schnirelmann theorem given by H. Steinlein [16] by using the con- cept of genus (c.f. [20]) of a Hausdor® space M with a mapping f : M ¡! M which generates a free Zp-action over M and to estimate the value of the genus of Lk;p, a special space used to construct an upper bound for the genus of (M; f).
Bio-TIM - Ambiente para convergência de informações em Bioinformática
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-08-31) Oliveira, Gustavo Borges de; Biajiz, Mauro; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8331600770992494
Currently, some genomas of creatures are being mapping, so enormous amounts of data are being generated. This data is sometimes stored in different data sources and at many times, these sources are heterogeneous and distributed, which results in the necessity of the use of new query techniques and integration of data. After this, the biologists can usufruct greaters and better resources during the research process. This work has the proposal of to build a Bioinformatics environment for the integration of different data sources and their reorganization in a centered source that supports a flexible and efficient manner to build queries. The environment is called as Bio-TIM, which is composed by three layers. The main one is called "Mediator" and it is composed by a connection manager for databases management systems, by wrappers, by a Data Warehouse and by a specific database.