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Eleição de diretores escolares no município de São Carlos: propostas e polêmicas.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-08) Souza, Dalgisa dos Santos Brito de; Marques, Waldemar
This work approaches the theme of Democratic Management focusing on the question of a School Director election. We questioned about which were the implications involved in the process of electing directors and whether this process contributed to the democratisation of school management. Our aim was to analyse and discuss the open election process for school principals that took place in municipal institutions of the São Carlos municipal teaching network, which it was the first attempt of filling these positions in São Carlos. In order to carry out this research, we started analysing documents such as: the guidelines for the election, which were published as a degree, the final report on the election process, and the data was also collected using semi-scripted interviews, carried out in two stage. At first stage, the researcher analised data regarding the work done by group of Public Policies and Education Management group at UFSCar (Federal University of São Carlos) in cooperation with the General Office Municipal of Education. This data is about the studentes parents , teachers , principals and workers insight, as to the election. In the second stage of collecting data, we interviewed again the same principals, although some of them had already left their jobs. In order to better understand this election process, we also obtained data related to the point of view of the council and the Secretary of Education. The results showed us that the case of the principals was not renewed; the period in which the process was carried out was very short; the participation in debates throughout the presentation of proposals was low. Thus the election process favoured the participation and the opportunity to choose. To conclude, the open election for school principals in the municipal of Sao Carlos was conflicting representing a contradictory case as the data collected showed progress and failures related to the experience of the process and also to the fact that there was not another election process and it still went back to what it was before an indication as a way of choosing the school principal.
Uso de modificadores permanentes em filamento de tungstênio para aprisionamento de hidretos de arsênio, selênio, antimônio e vapor de mercúrio e determinação por espectrometria de absorção atômica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-08) Souza, Samuel Simião de; Krug, Francisco José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5462034099753487
In this work, a systematic evaluation of permanent chemical modifiers on tungsten coil atomizer for in situ trapping of selenium hydride (H2Se), arsine (AsH3), stibine (SbH3) and mercury vapor was done. The trapping occurred on tungsten coil surface coated with rhodium, iridium or ruthenium. A continuous flow system for generating the volatile species was coupled to the atomizer by a capillary quartz tube (50 mm long and 2.0 mm inner diameter) positioned at 0.5 mm from the modified tungsten surface. In this thesis, a new device for automatic in situ trapping of hydrides in tungsten coil was developed. This device is controlled by a program written in Visual Basic that is also used for management of the continuous flow system for hydride generation. This coupling can be easily implemented in any spectrometer simplifying the in situ trapping of hydrides in this electrothermal atomizer. The same system was used for the determination of Se and As in water and biological materials, and for investigating the possibilities for the determination of Sb and Hg. The coating with Rh showed higher efficiency to trap the species than Ir and Ru, resulting in better sensitivities. Using tungsten coil coated with 200 µg Rh pre-heated at 400 °C, sample flowing at 3.0 mL min-1 and trapping time of 30 s, enrichment factors of approximately 150 times for As and Se were obtained with limits of detection of 35 ng L-1 Se and 110 ng L-1 As. With Ir and Ru the enrichment factors for As and Se were 100 and 115 times, respectively. Using the proposed system it was also possible the speciation of inorganic arsenic in water samples. The evaluation of trapping efficiency on tungsten coil was made by conventional atomic absorption measurements and with the aid of radiotracers. The results obtained in the two modes of evaluation showed conflicting values, indicating a possible difference between the atomization mechanism of analytes when injected in the atomizer as liquid solution and when trapped as hydride on the tungsten coil surface with a permanent chemical modifier. The results obtained with radiotracers showed 69 ± 2% trapping efficiency of H2Se on tungsten coated with Rh. The trapping efficiencies with Ir and Ru were approximately 55%. For SbH3 the trapping efficiency was 82 ± 1% on tungsten coil coated with Rh. The behavior of generation and collection of SbH3 on tungsten coil still needs better evaluation due to the problems of reproducibility influenced by possible losses during hydride transport. Trapping of mercury vapor on tungsten coil coated with Rh showed a pronounced saturation of the tungsten surface resulting in limited linearity of calibration curve and comparatively poor repeatability ( RSD > 9%).
Avaliação de relacionamentos no canal de distribuição de produtos de mercearia básica.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-08) Pigatto, Gessuir; Alcântara, Rosane Lúcia Chicarelli
The shift of power inside distribution channels and the need for adapting to constant consumer market changes have led enterprises to seek alternatives in order to face that new environment. Suppliers pursue to adapt themselves to the increasing power of large retail groups, while the latter need to adapt themselves to the growth of business networks composed by the small and medium grocery retailers and to the strengthening of independent stores and other distribution channels. At the same time, worldwide economy gives importance to the idea that all links of a supply chain must work in a collaborative integrated way, aiming gains in efficiency and productivity, and avoiding losses and rework. Thus, it is necessary to change enterprises relationships, in which conflict and bargaining power can be replaced by cooperation. However, it is important to understand the reasons leading to a collaborative business relation program. Also, it is necessary to comprehend expectations of both sides in the relation, as well as to understand how companies check whether such expectations have been reached or not. Therefore, the main objective of this research was to identify the most important behavioral variables in collaborative relations. From those variables, it was proposed parameters (actions and behaviors) which might be used by self-service retail companies and by their grocery suppliers, in order to evaluate the results of adopting new relation patterns noticed in the sector. To accomplish the research, 10 small and medium-sized retail groups, located in the state of São Paulo, and 10 grocery suppliers, indicated by the former, were interviewed. The analysis of results has showed that Trust and Compromising are the most important behavioral variables for retail groups and grocery suppliers. Additionally, less important variables for both samples were Power, Dependency and Conflict, the least important of all. The analysis of behavioral variables has showed consistency with theoretical inferences. However, most companies didn t use parameters to evaluate the development of those relations. From answers given by the interviewees and from the review of theory, it was possible to create two instruments for evaluating relationships. The first one is Behavioral Variable Maps. Through those maps it is possible to visualize partners actions and behaviors. Hence, it is possible to identify in which aspects those partners get closer to a collaborative relationship, and which actions and behaviors still need to be improved in order to achieve the results of collaborative relationships. The second evaluation instrument is a 2X2 Matrix, through which collaborative relationships are evaluated.
Qualidade e trabalho: um estudo de caso em sindicato de trabalhadores sobre os programas de controle de qualidade total.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-08) Fajardo, Rita de Cássia Arruda; Camarotto, João Alberto; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1427853773681255; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9444050593360251
Through the 90 decade, the Total Quality Control Programs (TCPQ) were extremely diffused in enterprises of all country, with the objective to improve its competitiveness on the market. This study has the purpose to discuss this way of organize labour and production, confronting the hegemonic point of view favorable to these changes and that of workers who were subjected to this new kind of organization. Therefore, the present investigation had as an object of analysis a working class sector position, through one labor union representation, the Campinas and Region s Metallurgic Syndicate (CRMS), to verify how this workers Institution concrete its resistance and criticism to the TQCP implantation in effective actions. Syndicate s view was obtained over documental investigation and interviews with syndical leaders. During the development of the research it was notice that the competitiveness growth turns the employees a differential strategic to the organizations survival, thus, the TCQP represent a capital attempt in co-opt the workers knowledge, as a way to increase the control of productive procedures. The employees insufficient resistance and their consequent collaboration with these programs implantations have been causing the organizations fragile condition and fragmentation. The analysis obtained showed that the CRMS actions on enterprises techno-organizational innovations were of reactive character and that there was not any politics or concrete actions that could anticipate the changes. In general, the politics and syndical actions developed were based on the consequences these changes have brought about to the workers, and not on how the work should be organized. Thus, the conclusion is that this posture has not been making working class more strengthened as an effective result and that it is necessary a leap of quality in syndical actions, which must be an outcome of the reaction and elaboration join up the working class, taking employees subjectivity and the organization in working places into consideration as fundamental points to the construction of this surpass.
Impacto da implantação da Usina Hidrelétrica Luís Eduardo Magalhães (UHE Lajeado) no rio Tocantins, com ênfase na comunidade bentônica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-08) Kikuchi, Regina Mayumi; Gessner, Alaíde Aparecida Fonseca; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8465752836529703
This work aims to evaluate the impact and influence of the Luís Eduardo Magalhães hydroelectric power station (Lajeado Dam) in Tocantins River, which is located in the municipal district of Miracema of Tocantins TO, Brazil, through benthic macroinvertebrates community study in pre-flooding, reservoir filling and post-filling Phases. The samples have been collected with the help of a suction sampler in seven different points (at reservoir's upstream, downstream of the dam and five points in the reservoir), every other month totalling fifteen collections during a period of thirty months. The impact in the reservoir has been confirmed as due to environmental changes. These alterations are dynamic and vary in function of the dam proximity, seasonal changes and gate operations, causing modifications on density and richness of the organisms, reducing or enhancing them. The impact at the downstream of the dam has been noticed as well, probably due to the quality of the water released from the dam and the dam operation itself. Also at the control point on the reservoir's upstream, the impact with a prevalence of an invasive freshwater species in terms of density has been confirmed. With the construction of the dam, the invasive mollusks of the gên. Corbicula sp. prevail in density terms on the upstream point (Balsas) and in the beginning of the reservoir (Ipueiras point). In the reservoir, invertebrates like Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera, Plecoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera (Simuliidae and Empididae) has disappeared mainly in the dam s closest points (Graciosa and Todos os Santos) and the Diptera larvae (Chaoboridae and Chironomidae - Tribo Chironomini) has prevailed. In the downstream point (Gorgulho) some groups of invertebrates like Diptera larvae (Simuliidae) and Plecoptera has disappeared and Chaoboridae larvae of the reservoir appear mainly in the rainy period at this point. This work confirms that there have been alterations on the composition and structure of the benthic community due to environmental changes (mainly on the dissolved oxygen in water, depth of the dam, current speed and type of substratum) caused by the construction of a hydroelectric power station. A crescent longitudinal gradient of impact from the riverine zone to the lacustrine zone of reservoir has been confirmed.
Desenvolvimento de um detector de espalhamento de luz LASER de baixo ângulo LALLS operando em tempo real na extrusão
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2005-12-08) Damiani, Juliano Conter; Canevarolo Júnior, Sebastião Vicente; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153664441338178; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2469541507195811
In the present work a prototype of a low angle laser light scattering was developed and installed in an extruder in order to operate in real time. The equipment was built by the research group of which the author is member, and low cost pieces were used when it was permitted. It was consisted of a laser beam which passes through the molten flow and a detector system formed by 64 photocells radially disposed to quantify the transmitted scattered beam. The molten flow used in this work was consisted of a PP matrix with a dispersed phase constituted of polymer (PA6, PS) or ceramic powder (TiO2, Al2O3). The resulting LALLS graphics showed dependence with second phase type. The signal from the detector is much stronger when ceramic powder was used. A dependence with the concentration was observed as well, as this factor affects the number of particles directly. The interpretation of the results was based on the considerations of Mie s theory, which correlates refraction indexes differences, particle size and concentration of the dispersed phase with the occurrence of single and multiple scattering. The measurements were all taken in the transient state, where the second phase is added in the polymer flow in the form of a pulse, and its behaviour is quantified in the extruder exit by the LALLS detector. Even when operating under severe conditions, like extrusion pressures (around 11 MPa) and temperatures (240°C or above), the detector showed enough sensibility to quantify the scattered light generated even by the blends used in this work.