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Efeitos da abertura do mercado externo em arranjos produtivos locais de base agroindustrial: o caso dos produtores de mamão do Espírito Santo.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-04-02) Santos, Fabio Lyrio; Nantes, José Flávio Diniz; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1900976112613026; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6210663527994961
In the last years, public and private agents have concentrated efforts and placing resources in action programs to the local productive arrangements (LPAs), organizational formations that allow the micro and small-sized enterprises (MSEs) survival and growth. The rescue of the MSEs role in the regions and countries development process happens in a time of resetting of the economic, social and political systems evolution spaces, remodeling of the production systems with the collective valuation, globalization and local protagonism. One of the main goals of these action programs is the insertion of MSEs in the international markets. Thus, the economic growth of firms and the sustainable development along the production chain should be bigger. The object of study of this research was the enterprises of the Espírito Santo State LPA of papaya, mainly centered in Linhares city. This region has little more than 200 producing properties and a set of linked entities that include education, research and technical institutions, financing agencies, trade associations, category entities and others support institutions. The aim of this research was to identify the collective benefits generated to the arrangement after the opening of the United States market, in 1998, and to verify how these benefits were individualized and absorbed by the local firms. The research was carried out under qualitative approach and the used method was the case study. Twenty five interviews were carried out, being fifteen with MSEs and small farm households, five with larger companies, and others five with support institutions. The results evinced that the exportations stratified the firms in two groups: one with the medium and large-sized exporting firms and another one with the non-exporting MSEs and farm households. Despite this, the generated benefits were not restricted to the exporting firms group, being spread to the other firms and links of the arrangement. The exportations increased the economic, social and environmental sustainable of the local papaya cultivation and stimulated the adoption of product and processes innovations, improving the competitiveness of firms and profiting its economic growth. The planted area, the production volume and the amount of companies enlarged, as well as the job offer and the income.
Novos mecanismos de coordenação no mercado do trigo brasileiro no período de 1990/2005.
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-04-02) Perosa, Bruno Benzaquen; Paulillo, Luiz Fernando de Oriani e; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9919942357089937; https://lattes.cnpq.br/7008340716950413
The wheat chain, as most of Brazilians agri-food chains, has had deep changes on the institutional environment since 1990, when the Brazilian economy was open and most of the industry sectors were deregulated (the State diminished the regulation). The effects of those changes were amplified by the MERCOSUR agreement. As a consequence, a complete change of the ways coordination on the Brazilian wheat market takes place was noticed. The relations between wheat producers and milling units, which before 1990 was intermediated by State agencies like Banco do Brasil and DTRIG, where totally transferred to the private sector. The cooperative system and the representative associations, which used to focus on the political representation, had to adapt their work and offer different services for their members. The analysis of the new forms of relationships on this market after 1990 shows that the regulatory framework which shaped the activities of the sector for many decades had a strong influence on the new dynamics of coordination after the State reduced the intervention. This study aims to analyze how the Brazilian wheat market was regulated before and after 1990, highlighting the impact of institutional environment at different times on the dynamics of the relationships and coordination among those actors playing on the market after 1990. With this goal, this study will refer to theoretical approaches linked to the neo-institutionalism, as the Transaction Cost and Measurement Economics, the Network Analysis, and the Policy Networks. These references will support the preparation of indicators to explore the vertical coordination (among actors of different tiers) and horizontal coordination (among actors of the same tier).
Justificando intervenções: a política externa norte-americana e a América Latina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-04-02) Merendi, Izaura Peghim; Villa, Marco Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2211983389134451
This study aims to demonstrate that the United States of America have always tried to dissimulate their interventions in Latin America. Ever since the independence of Latin-American colonies, the U.S. have been trying to justify their expansionism in the region. To the end of the Cold War , the interventions were justified by the rhetoric of the contention of external threatens European recolonization and Soviet communism with the end of the bipolar conflict, the domination has won a new justification, i. e., the necessity of keeping the order and promote democracy. Thus, hegemony began to be exerted through the North-American capacity of imposing its values democracy and free trade in the region.