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Transformações urbanas na cidade de São Carlos: condomínios horizontais fechados e novas formas de sociabilidade
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-04-27) Ferreira, Francisco Barnabé; Toledo, Luiz Henrique de;
The present work aims to analyze the recent growing process of the city of São Carlos - SP and its social relations net in terms of urban occupation, which has been under substantial changes since the end of the 20th century, especially after the implementation of private horizontal residential areas in the suburbs of the city. These transformations are intrinsically connected to the changes in use and meaning of the central areas and its implications for the municeps. As it is possible to observe along the work, the concept of mixed land-use has different meanings. For some authors downtown, which has started to be occupied by commerce and service industry, has also been struck by the incidence of social conflicts found in mid-size cities, due to problems stemming from unwanted interactions, traffic, heterogeneity, violence, fear and unpredictability of the streets, thus changing both the public and private spaces, especially those earlier linked to the activities of the wealthiest social classes. For other authors, on the other hand, the mixed land-use in central areas presents positive features, such as the increase in cooperation and sociability, thanks to the creation of a net of relations among the inhabitants, which tends to boost the trust of the population. In order to make an analysis of these transformations possible, we have used interviews carried out with dwellers, workers and home help of two private residential areas in the city of São Carlos: Parque Faber I and Parque Fehr , chosen according to their particularities, which will be exposed in this study. Besides, we have included an ethnography of Parque Faber I , as well as pictures taken in these places, because they bring to light aspects not always explicit in the interviews. It is important to highlight that we consider the interpretation of marketing material on this new dwelling concept relevant so as to analyze the sales appeal of entrepreneurs and construction firms involved in the projects of the private residential areas. The consequences of such transformations in the urban fabric affect directly the life of its inhabitants, who tend to occupy the urban land in a more segregated way, in an attempt to get rid of the problems arisen by the swelling of downtown. This attitude also creates new conflicts and inequalities around unique sociabilities, such as those found in private horizontal residential areas, object of this research.
Origem e diferenciação do sistema de cromossomos sexuais ZZ/ZW em Triportheus (Characiformes, Characidae): citogenética, mapeamento dos genes ribossomais e microdissecção cromossômica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-04-27) Bezerra, Débora Diniz; Bertollo, Luiz Antonio Carlos; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0358338345257495
Chromosomes of distinct species of Triportheus (Characiformes, Characidae) from different hydrographic basins in Brazil, as well as in Argentina, were analyzed in the present work. Triportheus nematurus, from Piracicaba River (São Paulo State, Brazil), was analyzed for the first time, using conventional cytogenetic techniques, base-specific fluorochromes and physical mapping of 18S rDNA and 5S rDNA. The diploid number found in all species was 2n= 52 chromosomes, in both males and females. Females presented a pair of quite differentiated heteromorphic chromosomes, characterizing a ZZ/ZW sex chromosome system. The Z chromosome is the largest in the karyotype, bearing constitutive heterochromatin at pericentromeric and telomeric regions. The W chromosome is mostly heterochromatic, showing a heterogeneous heterochromatin, composed of GC- and AT-rich regions The Ag-NORs were equivalent to 18S rDNA sites detected through fluorescent in situ hybridization. The 5S rDNA is syntenic and adjacent to 18S rDNA site, characterizing an uncommon situation amongst fishes. The results obtained in T. nematurus agree with previous studies in this group, reinforcing the basal condition of the system ZZ/ZW in the phylogeny of this genus, prior to speciation events. Besides T. nematurus, other seven species/populations of Triportheus were analyzed by FISH with 18S and 5S rDNA probes. The results confirmed the presence of 18S sites on the W chromosome in all Triportheus species herein studied, even when Ag-NORs showed to be inactive. The 5S rDNA sites, not reported in this group so far, were always located on short arms of a single chromosomal pair, close to centromeres. The only exception was T. auritus, which presented ten 5S rDNA sites. Two distinct T. nematurus populations (Piracicaba River SP and Paraná River Argentina) presented synteny between 18S and 5S ribosomal genes, located on short arm of a NOR-bearing chromosomal pair. A probe for whole chromosome painting (WCP), specific to the Z chromosome of T. nematurus (Piracicaba River), was obtained by microdissection, followed by unspecific amplification via DOP-PCR (Degenerate Oligonucleotide Primed-PCR). Fluorescent in situ hybridization with such probe was performed in Triportheus species, as well as in other Characidae species belonging to genus closed to Triportheus. In male specimens of Triportheus, both Z chromosomes (1st large metacentric pair) presented conspicuous marks over their whole extension. In females, the Z chromosome showed the same pattern observed in males while the W chromosome bears only a subtle signal on the short arm, or on the long arm close to centromere, according to species. Therefore, the region of the W chromosome with homology to Z chromosome is relatively small. All the other Characidae species analyzed presented no positive signals after hybridization using Z chromosome of Tirportheus nematurus as a probe, even in those apparently closely related to this genus. Thus, these results stress out, positively, that the ZZ/ZW system should actually correspond to a synapomorphy shared by Triportheus species, likely to be unique to this Characidae group.
Como sair da ilha da minha consciência: Gilles Deleuze e uma crítica à subjetividade transcendental em Edmund Husserl
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-04-27) Jardim, Alex Fabiano Correia; Marques, Silene Torres; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4822141288006918; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5574950503189991
Le travail a comme théme la présentation d une critique à la phénoménologie d Edmund Husserl, à travers la pensée de Gilles Deleuze. Tout le parcours philosophique de ces deux auteurs a été remarquable, étant donné le fait que chacun à sa propre manière, a parlé de la problématique du sujet de façon différente, tous les deux possédant le problème de la genèse ( tantôt active, tantôt passive) comme champ conceptuel pour l établissement d une « image de la pensée ». Une série de conversations a possibilité le développement du théme, par exemple, l importance de la philosophie de Gilbert Simondon, pour que Deleuze structure sa critique par rapport à la notion de champ transcendantal ou une philosophie du sujet, des propos précieux pour la phénoménologie. Simondon présente une philosophie « des moyens d individuation » au lieu de n importe quelle idée de principe originaire (ou synthèse subjective). Donc, le complet intérêt de Gilles Deleuze vis-à-vis l uvre de Simondon, en tant que « traversée » du concept de subjectivité au concept d hecceité. Clôturant, la recherche se penchera sur l uvre de Michel Tournier : « Vendredi ou les limbes du Pacifique », et sur l importânce de ce texte pour qu on puisse présenter le personnage « Robinson » de Tournier comme exemple net de deux perspectives : la phénoménologique husserlienne où il y a un procés constitutif de donation de sens à l île de Speranza, voie conscience originaire, et la contre-phénoménologique deleuzienne à partir de la dissolution de la forme-je commo synthèse unificatrice du sens, et de l éablissement de l île de Speranza comme champ d immanence pur, absolu et non-subjectif.