Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2007-12-06"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 21642

Rupturas e reconstruções: migração forçada e redes sociais em meio da guerra em Colômbia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-06)
Cruz, Olga Del Pilar Vásquez
;
Monsma, Karl Martin
The history of Colombia is characterized by violent processes of population expulsion that date back half of the twentieth century and which has been deepened as a consequence of internal armed conflict which resumes in 90´s. Since 1985 until nowadays, 3,700,000 people have been displaced. Who is obliged to flee, leaves rural areas to the cities closest to his place of housing. However, the deepening of the conflict is forcing people continue moving to the big cities, where are greater opportunities for anonymity. Thus, considering the peculiarities of internal displacement, we proposed to characterize -from the perception of actors- the personal networks of a group of migrants by the internal armed conflict, which today live in neighborhoods of Ciudad Bolivar in Bogotá. This is, the way of the networks act, are affected and rebuilt on the migratory path. Our aim was evident if, in the same way as it happens with other types of migration, there is a logic of communication, permanence, re-configuration and organization of social networks; In addition to describe the situations that facilitate, influence or limit these processes. The methodology of research emphasized on record -in a notebook and a record- the comments made by people and the narratives during the contact with the researcher in informal and formal interviews. The configuration of personal networks was complemented with the application of a survey. As a result of search, we can say that there is a logical of networks in time to elect Bogotá as destination. Usually, relatives or acquaintances, whose migrated before - because of the violence or economic reasons- or there is a previous experience housing in Bogotá. These links are essential in processes of adaptation to city. With the coexistence in the city, displaced persons will meet neighbors, coworkers, employees of NGOs and institutions of the state, which will be adding to the range of their relationships. However, violence, fear and distrust are some factors that influence the incorporation of new ties and the preservation of ancient, affecting the dynamics and the configuration of networks
Citogenética molecular comparativa do DNAr 18S e 5S em piranhas (Serrasalminae, Characidae) da Amazônia Central
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-07)
Nakayama, Celeste Mutuko
;
Bertollo, Luiz Antonio Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7301111160439489
Basic and molecular cytogenetic studies have been performed in 11 species of the subfamily Serrasalminae: Colossoma macropomum, Serrasalmus (S. altispinnis, S. elongatus, S. gouldingi, S. rhombeus, S. cf rhombeus, S. serrulatus and S. maculatus), Pygocentrus nattereri, Pristobrycon striolatus and Catoprion mento, collected along different sites in Central Amazon basin. The diploid number found was 2n=54 chromosomes in Colossoma macropomum, 2n=62 in C. mento and P. striolatus, 2n=60 for all species in the genus Serrasalmus and P. nattereri, except for S. cf. rhombeus, which presented 2n=58. Besides distinct diploid numbers, variable karyotypical formulae were also detected, even between species with the same chromosomal number, showing the occurrence of chromosomal rearrangements in the evolutionary process of this group, such as fusions and centric fisions and pericentric inversions. No sex chromosome heteromorphism was found in the analyzed species. The silver stained nucleolus organizer regions (Ag-NORs) were always telomeric and multiple, ranging from 4 to 12 marks according to each species. In most species, they were observed on short arms of subtelo-acrocentric chromosomes. However, in Colossoma macropomum the Ag-NORs were located at terminal position on long arms and, in Catoprion mento, they were present on short ams of submetacentric chromosomes and on long arms of subtelocentric and acrocentric chromosomes. The 18S rDNA sites were usually coincident with Ag-NORs, although they might occur in a higher number or in distinct chromosomes positions in relation to Ag-NORs. These discrepancies may be attributed to either methodological specificities or to difficulties in detecting some NOR sites, since they are commonly very small within Serrasalminae. The C-banded heterochromatin was observed at pericentromeric region of most chromosomes, being some regions more conspicuous than others, besides some telomeric bands in some chromosomal pairs. All Serrasalmus species presented a proximal heterochromatic block on the long arm of a medium-sized metacentric pair, which seems to be a marker for this genus regarding to its karyotype position (7th pair), once it may be present in other species, such as P. nattereri, but in a larger chromosome (3rd pair). The 5S rDNA sequences were always mapped in a single chromosomal pair. In Serrasalmus species, this pair corresponds to the metacentric pair 7 and in P. nattereri, P. striolatus and C. mento, it corresponds to the medium-sized metacentric pair 3. On its turn, the 5S rDNA sites in C. macropomum were located on short arms of a small metacentric, probably corresponding to the 12th pair. Considering the wide array of the present data, the species of the genera Serrasalmus, Pygocentrus, Pristobrycom and Catoprion, in spite of their specific differentiations, showed higher karyotypic similarity with the presence of metacentric, submetacentric, subtelocentric and acrocentric chromosomes, a preferential location of 18S rDNA sites at telomeric region on short arms of subteloacrocentric chromosomes, besides the number and location of 5S rDNA sites in karyotypes. On the other hand, C. macropomum shows quite divergent features, with 2n=54 meta-submetacentric chromosomes, with 18S rDNA sites at terminal region on long arms and interstitial 5S rDNA sites on short arms of chromosomes. Therefore, the location of C. macropomum far from the piranha clades, according to available phylogeny hypotheses for Serrasalminae, is corroborated by our cytogenetic data. Considering that C. macropomum would be a basal representative in the phylogeny of Serrasalminae, chromosomal rearrangements such as centric fissions, besides pericentric inversions, seem to play an important role in the karyotypic differentiation of this group, increasing the basal number of 2n=54 meta-submetacentric to 2n=58, 60 and 62, and giving rise to distinct chromosome forms in relation to those present in C. macropomum. Analogously, the NOR sites have also undergone numerical and positional changes in chromosomes along the karyotypical differentiation of Serrasalminae. As for the 5S rDNA sites, its location in a same position in morphologically similar chromosomes in all analyzed species of the genera Serrasalmus, Pygocentrus, Pristobrycom and Catoprion suggests that, once established this location from a distinctive ancestor condition, as that seen in C. macropomum, it has been remained conserved.
Reator enzimático de membrana para proteólise de soro de queijo, visando à produção de concentrado protéico com baixo teor de fenilalanina
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-07)
Padilla, Rebeca Yndira Cabrera
;
Giordano, Roberto de Campos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0214528880301310
Enzymatic hydrolyzed proteins present some advantages over the pool of amino acids obtained after a chemical hydrolysis: lower osmolality (easier absorption by the organism) and better sensorial characteristics. The removal of phenylalanine (Phe) from these hydrolysates allows their use in the diet of phenylktonuria (PKU) patients. This Thesis studies the sequential hydrolysis of cheese whey proteins. This process aims at producing a protein hydrolysate with low contents of Phe, after two reaction stages: in the first one, concentrated cheese whey proteins are hydrolyzed by the endoprotease chymotrypsin, immobilized on agarose gel. The substrate of the second stage is the product of the first one. This reaction is the central focus of this Thesis, and consists in a hydrolysis using the exoprotease carboxipeptidase A (CPA), immobilized on the same matrix. Since the scope of this work was a process for obtaining a protein hydrolysate with low contents of Phe for phenylketonurics, another stage had to be incorporated: ultrafiltration, to separate the amino acids released by the action of CPA, mainly Phe (and other amino acids that inhibit the reaction). With this purpose, an enzymatic membrane reactor (EMR) is proposed. It should be noticed that, to the best of our knowledge, the reactor design presented here has not been published yet. The EMR had spherical agarose particles within the reaction space, retained by a stainless steel mesh (400 Tyler). Hence, the ultrafiltration membrane was in charge only of the separation of the amino acids in the hydrolysate, which was continuously recycled to the flask containing the immobilized enzyme. Assays to characterize the membranes were performed. These membranes were then used in the integrated process (reaction with immobilized enzyme coupled to the ultrafiltration), for different experimental conditions. The substrates where Prato and Minas Frescal cheese whey. Two set-ups of the ultrafiltration unit were tested: flat plate and hollow fiber, both with 1 kDa cut-off. The reactor volume/membrane area ratios were 7.5×10-2 cm and 76.9×10-2 cm, respectively. Finally, the performance of three systems was compared: EMR with flat plane and hollow fiber and a batch reactor, followed by diafiltration. The hollow fiber EMR showed the best performance (85% conversion, productivity of 275.2×10-7 ghidrolisado/mgPhe/UH-PHE/h and only 1% retention of Phe in the membrane, after assays of 10 h). The resulting product was appropriate for phenylketonurics, with high protein contents (53.4 g/L), mainly constituted by small peptides (≤ 5.8 kDa) and with 19.9 mgPhe/gProteína, within the admissible range for PKU
Construção da ação docente: aprendizagens de professoras leigas em classes multisseriadas na escola do campo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-07)
Rocha, Solange Helena Ximenes
;
Mizukami, Maria da Graça Nicoletti
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2111834686921552
The investigation of different processes that involve the teaching formation has been object of studies in Brazil and abroad and point a to the necessity of that the teachers know and do its daily one. Its still considered important, that the studies fill existing gaps in different sectors of the magistery and contemplate the rural schools and far way from great centers as the rural schools and its teachers. This research argues the learning of teaching and formation of four teachers who had entered as lay people multisseries classrooms in the rural school and had as its professional development in multisseries classrooms. This work characterizes as being an description-analytical study of qualitative nature. It requires as main axles of the analysis the not explicit strategies of formation and the investigation teachers. It was used as support theoretical the studies of Lortie (1975), Huberman (2000), Zeichner and Liston (1993 and 1996), Shulman (2004), Bransford et al (2000), Mizukami et al (2003), Darlind-Hammond and Baratz-Snowden (2005), Hammerness, Darling- Hammond and Bransford, (2005), among others. The analyses of the teachers speaking had evidenced that the learnings of the teaching had given by means of the comment and of the creative imitation of the practical ones of its old teachers. They had pointed that the more the trought content approaches to the lived deeply context, more they have the facility of dealing with them. On the other hand, the more the content to be given moved away context lived deeply by the teachers, more difficulties they have in dealing with them. One still perceived that the new contents need some time to be assimilated and the teachers count on aid of the coleagues of the other schools to surpass such difficulties. One still perceived, that teachers who act in the rural schools in the city of Santarém, had on the basis of established the teaching. A in multisseries classrooms aspects little based theoretically. They seem to have slight knowledge of the general pedagogical knowledge and on it establish your teach. They dominate of precarious form beddings of specific knowledge the each teach and repeat what they had learned with its teachers (know, but do not know as they know). With the two weak axles, the base of knowledge for education is weak mechanics and stereotypicals (Shulman, 1986,1987). It was still proven that the limitation imposed for the absence of formal preparation for the exercise of magistery had shown imperative and the teachers had recognized this as one hindrance in its process of professional development
Foi com o trabalho que me tornei homem: trabalho, gênero e geração
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-07)
Perticarrari, Daniel
;
Lima, Jacob Carlos
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9244132532446607
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5533449825584711
The research had as objective to study how the increase on the number of women labor force has affected the division of the domestic work and the construction of the masculine social identity based in the provider paper, through the workers' perception on this change. This study examines the re-meaning or reiteration of the gender identities, having as cross section the generation insertion in the world of the work. Forty two metallurgic workers of São Carlos, SP (being thirty men and twelve women) had been interviewing, recovering the trajectories of life and work and their gender attributions, in the industrial and domestic space. The choice of the metallurgic sector elapsed for consisting in a space of masculine work historically recognized, being this profile changed, slowly, in last the two decades. It was possible to verify a generation cross section that delimits the position of the workers in relation to the work division and their expectation on their gender identity. It has been noticed that the oldest workers (with more than 40 years old), still see in the formal job market (with steady work and labor register) the privileged way of access in the labor and familiar structuring and the construction and valuation of the masculine identity. Presence of a speech of bigger equality between men and women was verified in workers between 30 to 39 years old. Finally, it was observed that young workers (until 29 years old) have greater propensity to insert themselves in the logic of transformations of flexible capitalism, marked for the instability in the labor trajectories. This context has influenced some changes in the gender perception in relation to the sexual division of the work and the biggest dubiousness of the construction of the masculine identity entailed to the work
Potencial genético e químico dos endófitos de Murraya paniculata L. (Jack)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-11)
Souza, Antonia Queiroz Lima de
;
Pereira, José Odair
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8499987875894209
The plant Murraya paniculata is native in Asia where its root barks have produced the contraceptive and hormonal alkaloid yuehchukene. In Brazilian specimens no alkaloid was detected. This had inspired new researches about the microorganisms that interact with it in Brazil, including the present work. Therefore, 1711 endophytic microorganisms were isolated from four host plants, in São Paulo State, and the seasonal colonization indexes, the microbial frequencies and the specificities of the identified groups per tissues (microhabitats) were verified. Among the obtained endophytes, 1061 were filamentous fungi and 650 were bacteria, with 62% and 38% of frequency and 33% and 20% of colonization index, respectively. The colonization indexes of the bacteria in comparison to the of fungi were lower in all gatherings and hosts, principally for leaves that, had shown the bigger frequency for the fungi and the smaller for the bacteria. Fungi were clustered in 20 morphological groups, 15 identified to genus level and five unknown, including two Mycelia sterilia. The recognized genera were Fusarium, Colletotrichum and its teleomorphs Giberella and Glomerella respectively, Trichoderma, Phomopsis, Paecilomyces, Penicillium, Aspergillus, Epicoccum, Pestalotiopsis, Alternaria, Xylaria, Nigrospora and Guignardia and the unknown were named A-E groups. The more frequent genera were rich in diversity, according to morphological and molecular data. A more diversity of fungi genera were verified in the winter (17) and a less in the spring (9) as the endophytic fungi were smaller in quantity in the summer (44.7%) and greater in the autumn (77.7%). From a sample of 59 isolates and six fungi as prototypes genomic DNAs were obtained and their ITS-1 regions were sequenced. The unknown strain B (Fed) had sequenced its 5.8s and ITS-2 regions. 21 species were identified by their ITS-1 regions and two others were hypothesized as novelty: one Trichoderma and the Fed that all morphological and chemotaxonomic studies appoint as a new species. Trichoderma associated to M. paniculata were in majority from barks and had showed great diversity of species (9). It was evaluated too the potential of the endophytes from host for bioactive metabolite production. The more promising groups for extracellular substances were the fungi Penicillium, with bactericidal and antiprotozoal actions, Pestalotiopsis, active against Candida, and Trichoderma, with fungicidal and bactericidal activities. For Fed it was noted its intracellular metabolites as strong bactericidal and its volatiles as anti-fungi. By looking for the active principles of those microorganisms, from Penicillium citrinum the citrinin and an undetermined alkaloid were obtained and from Trichoderma koningii 13 metabolites, including four koninginins related to those biological activities observed were identified. From Fed-3, 10 substances were obtained, seven fixed and three volatile, including a novel manosil guaiane type sesquiterpene and the new, as natural substances, 3-Hydroxy-5-phenylmethyl- (3S,5R)-b10-O-tetrahydrofuran-2-one and chloroacetonitrile. The chloroacetonitrile was suggested as the active principle of the Fed s volatiles. This work was important to reveal the diversity of the endophytes from Brasilian M. paniculata, the high variability of their more frequent genera, two possible novel species and the potential of them to produce bioactive and new metabolites. This work is hoped to contribute for understanding the endophytic microorganism biodiversity as well as their chemical and biotechnological potential.
Crenças sobre uma língua e cultura-alvo (alemã) em dimensão intercultural de ensino de língua estrangeira
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-12)
Rozenfeld, Cibele Cecílio de Faria
;
Viana, Nelson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6252579012192711
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0943223045871060
In a historical overview of foreign language (FL) teaching, a pragmatic change can be observed starting in the 1970s, in which the emotional and affective aspects of the learners take on a relevant position. This change involves a shift not only in the teacher s role, which passes from that of centralizer, retainer and transmitter of knowledge to facilitator of the process, but also in that of the student, who is now seen to be inserted into a broader learning context and who has now gained the possibility of participating actively in the learning process. In this context, the belief system is perceived as a phenomenon inherent to the affective processes of teachers and/or students, which influences the teaching and learning process and is therefore a relevant factor. In this research of a qualitative nature and ethnographic basis, we sought to investigate and characterize the beliefs of German language students concerning the language and target culture, evaluating their possible origins and how they could be understood by the teacher in the FL teaching/learning process. To achieve these objectives, we sought theoretical backing in belief studies (Barcelos, 2004; Vieira-Abrahão & Barcelos, 2006; Almeida Filho, 1999; Horwitz, 1999 and others) and in assumptions of the interculturality of foreign language teaching and of the understanding of what is foreign (fremd) (Wierlacher, 1998; Weinrich, 1998; Kramsch, 1993; and others). We focused primarily on the concept of intercultural competence (Volkmann, 2002; Weier, 2002; Byram, 2000; and others), seeing it as a way to provide theoretical underpinnings to understand these issues. With this research, we hope to contribute to a better understanding of this construct (beliefs), which has been intensively investigated in the field of language teaching studies. In addition, we aim to provide teachers of German as a FL with critical reflections focusing on learners and on FL teaching as an intercultural practice.
Formação continuada online de professores dos anos iniciais: contribuições para a ampliação da base de conhecimento para o ensino de geometria
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-12)
Bertoluci, Evandro Antonio
;
Tancredi, Regina Maria Simões Puccinelli
This doctorate thesis identifies and analyzes the contributions of two online distance minicourses to the knowledge base (specific knowledge of geometry, pedagogical knowledge of geometry and pedagogical reasoning processes) of thirteen elementary school teachers who teach geometry from the 1st to the 4th grades. They were participating in a teachers training program called Programa de Apoio aos Educadores: espaço de desenvolvimento profissional, and were members of Portal dos Professores UFSCar (www.portaldosprofessores.ufscar.br), a website which provides teachers with professional support. It is a qualitative intervention research which employs a collaborative and constructive methodology for training teachers. The mini-courses, developed for that purpose, were given totally at distance through the virtual learning environment WebCT. The theoretical basis encompasses teachers training, knowledge base for teaching and distance learning via the Internet as a resource for training teachers. The data, which were collected through digital tools (forum, e-mail, chat room, tasks, message board etc.) and non-digital tools (application forms and questionnaires), were analyzed to show the impact the mini-courses had on the teachers` knowledge base. The results showed their knowledge was significantly enhanced and they could think over the teaching of geometry and their own teaching. The results also showed the strong and weak points of training teachers at distance using the virtual learning environment WebCT and the methodology adopted. To conclude, the study offers suggestions for public policies on distance training for teachers via the Internet and for courses in virtual learning environments similar to WebCT
O Ato Adicional de 1834 e a instrução elementar no império: descentralização ou centralização?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-13)
Castanha, Andre Paulo
;
Bittar, Marisa
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8802056543966163
The following research seeks to understand the organization process of elementary public education in Brazil imperial. A study comparing the implemented actions by the Imperial Court, Rio de Janeiro, Mato Grosso and Paraná provinces was done. The main goal is to understand the State action in the definition of the politics of public education, in the period 1834-1889. The start point was the Additional Act of 1834, since historiography gives it the responsibility of the failure and disorganization of education in the provinces. For most of historians the decentralization fragmented the meager projects and resources available, contributing to the proliferation of contradictories laws, putting down the elementary education in Brazil imperial. Therefore, this study intents to raise the debate with the Brazilian educational historiography according to the Additional Act of 1834, and the form of organization of the elementary instruction in the Empire. The research basically uses the primary sources, highlighting the reports of the ministers of the ministry of the Empire business, provinces chairmen, the inspectors of public instruction, educational legislation produced by the four administrative units in the correspondent time in addition to several authors of the nineteenth century. The study of the primary sources has brought to light a significant number of information, which allows the review of the historiographical debate on the form of organization of elementary education in the Empire. The studied documents establish clear links between the organization of public education in the provinces and the project of construction and constitution of the Imperial State and the Senior Class. The documents also show the political strength of the conservative group in the Court and Rio de Janeiro Province. The principles of order, hierarchy, centralization and morality constitute the columns in the organization of public elementary education aiming to prepare the future citizens to live in an ordered society, where each class should occupy a place and function in the social structure. The study is divided into three parts. The first, entitled - The Additional Act: The education in a crossroad, which way to go? Made of two chapters: the first about the independence to imperial crises: the dialectic of power, and the second, The Additional Act: limits, possibilities and historiography. The second part - the imperial public education from primary sources- which the history of each compared unit was written based on the reports of the ministers, province chairmen, inspectors, articulating with all the legislation being produced, ordered and implemented in each of the administrative units. The third was named- The educational legislation and the construction of the empire- divided into three chapters: first, The agents of inspections into laws, speeches and action. Second: Curriculum: Instruct or educate? and Third, The Professor: the process of selecting the agent of civilization. Where the central sources were the regulations, in the same time, the reports of the inspectors, chairmen and the authors of the nineteenth century were also used. The search allows saying that the primary public instruction was relevant for the construction and dissemination of the model of Society and the State that became victorious over the nineteenth century, which still manifests many practices nowadays.
Transformação de modelos orientados a objetos em modelos de banco de dados objeto-relacional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-14)
Pereira, Marco Antonio
;
Prado, Antonio Francisco do
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2668568143800755
In general, software systems implemented based on Object Oriented (OO) concepts persist their information in Relational Database (RDB) and more recently in Object Relational Database (ORDB), which support the OO paradigm concepts. Therefore, it is common to use OO Models for software system requirements specification whose information are persisted in ORDB. Thus, the transformation of OO Models into Database Models has been an issue of several researches, particularly in the case of ORDB Models. Motivated in researching the transformation of OO models in ORDB Models and in Codes Structured Query Language (SQL), this work investigated an approach based on the idea of model driven development of Object Management Group (OMG), Model Driven Architecture (MDA), and offered it in a prototype form built as extension of the Multiple Views CASE (MVCASE) tool. As main result of this research we have the application of an approach that helps the Software Engineer in the development of OO Models and its transformation into ORDB Models and consequent generation of SQL Codes
Aplicações de estatística em marketing
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-14)
Carvalho, Thiago Daniel
;
Diniz, Carlos Alberto Ribeiro
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3277371897783194
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4835684971884973
In this work, we analyse the use of the statistics in the improvement of some attitudes of a company regarding marketing strategy. We deal with methods which permit the identification of the best costumers and the preferences of those costumers for product/service characteristics, so that a company can relate itself better to its costumers.
Sistemas de cobre : agentes quimioterápicos potenciais para combater o crescimento de tumores malignos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-14)
Santos, Mirian Paula dos
;
Dockal, Edward Ralph
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6461328124491559
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0925783986399077
In order to find inorganic compounds with biological properties as chemotherapeutic agents that could increase the possibilities in the treatment of some diseases, copper complexes with Schiff base ligands were prepared and characterized. In this work we prepared 63 compounds, being 19 symmetrical tetradentate Schiff base ligands and their respective copper complexes, 16 copper complexes with unsymmetrical tetradentate Schiff base ligands and 9 copper complexes with tridentate Schiff base ligands derived from ethylenediamine, trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane and orto-phenylenediamine, with salicylaldehyde or substituted salicylaldehyde. All were characterized by vibracional spectroscopy (infrared), electronic spectroscopy (ultraviolet-visible) and others methods such as solubility, melting points. Some complexes were studied by cyclic voltammetry and magnetic susceptibility. The structures of [Cu(3-MeOsalen)], [Cu(3- EtOsalen)] and [Cu(4-DEAsalen)], have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The cytotoxicity of the symmetrical complex [Cu(4-DEAsalen)], was evaluated using HPV-16 and HPV-18 infected cells. Cytotoxicity tests using spleen cells of BALB/c mice were performed using 5 tridentate complexes. The characterization results show that the synthesis had been successful with good yields. The effect of the substitution on the aromatic ring was compared for compounds within a series and between different series.
Da hierarquização funcional à segregação do espaço urbano : uma análise da Vila Operadora de Estreito-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-14)
Liporone, Francis
;
Silva, Ricardo Siloto da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5346985934880710
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5119928718775558
Despite being independent from the housing market and its effects, the residential villages, built by companies linked with the productive and energetic sectors for their workers, has reproduced the fragmentation space typical from a city where the space conflicts are noticeable. It s the relation company/urban formation which states the singularity of these living sites which are found all over the national territory. The operating village (similar to a company town) of Estreito hydroelectric dam placed in the countryside of São Paulo state (Pedregulho municipality, microregion of Franca), undoubtly one of these cases, is the main objective focused on present study. The way that either main or general objective of the research is to understand, using analytical comparisons to other urban experiences of villages, the motivating processes for the production of a segregative space in the village of Estreito which belongs to Furnas Centrais Elétricas S/A. As a strategy of research, the study focus on the moment which the village of Estreito-SP was idealized and implanted, its original project, in other words, it was discussed the initial objectives of the creation of a village with segregative spaces and its main characteristics. So, the proceeding method adopted passed along and abstracted points of historical method looking for comprehension of the object on its time as well as its development. It was used not only survey applied at the residents of the village who has lived therefore more than twenty years, some informal notes but also the experience and living of the researcher in the location to reach the analytical description of the object. It was made a literary analysis tanging the thematic of social-spacial segregation and of the Company towns and its correlative as the operating villages in the first part of this dissertation. In the sequence descriptions and analysis of the empiric object,the village of Estreito by studying the calculated case in a descriptive and analytic history. To end the research there are the final considerations in which some indagations of research are answered such as the indication of main motivating factors to create a space which states the quality of life including the different living types is the attraction of qualified labor force to end the research.
Análise da processabilidade de blendas PBT/ABS compatibilizadas in situ com copolímeros acrílicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-14)
Figueira, Rossana Cristina Rossoni
;
Hage Júnior, Elias
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1240692926327687
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1316851136098325
Poly(butylene terephthalate)/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (PBT/ABS) blends show high toughness at room temperature, low ductile-brittle transition temperature and stable morphology when compatibilized. The flowability of PBT/ABS blends compatibilized in situ with methyl metacrylate- glicydil metacrylate-etyl acrylate (MGE) copolymer changes drastically with the kinds of ABS, PBT used and with the level of interfacial adhesion. In this work, a high rubber content ABS was mixed with PMMA and SAN copolymer. These blends were introduced in PBT/ABS/MGE system to study the processability. The addition of ABS/SAN or ABS/PMMA in the PBT/ABS/MGE blends didn t show high decreased of the torque in the blends with rubber content of 12 and 16 wt%. PBT 315/ABS/MGE and PBT 325/ABS/MGE blends showed inversion of viscosity concerning pure ABS under permanent shear condition. The mechanical properties of PBT/(ABS/SAN or PMMA)/MGE showed that the Young modulus and yield stress are not affected by the change of PBT matrix molecular weight. The kind of PBT matrix used changes strongly the blends behavior under impact, altering the values of ductile-brittle transition temperature and impact resistance. PBT 315 and ABS showed almost the same flow length. The compositions with ABS/PMMA added showed a higher flow length tendency in PBT 315 and PBT 325 blends. Blends with PBT 195 showed better flowability. However, these blends didn t become tough systems. The better mechanical properties/moldability relationship to PBT 315 and PBT 325 blends was observed for ABS/SAN or ABS/PMMA added with a rubber content of 30 %wt.
Desempenhos emergentes e leitura funcional em crianças com transtornos do espectro autístico
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-14)
Gomes, Camila Graciella Santos
;
Souza, Deisy das Graças de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4404800720856419
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2060252495001734
People with autism display a number of marked deficits in communication, symbolic or imaginative activities, reciprocal social interaction and the presence of a pattern of restrict behavior. Follow-up studies indicate that people with autism show difficulties in learning relationships between stimulus through conventional interventions. The first study assessed the performance of twenty persons with autism in an identity matching-to-sample task, using two procedures with different stimuli arrangements and different response requirements. The typical matching procedure presented one sample and three comparison stimuli; the adapted matching displayed three samples and three comparison stimuli simultaneously. The average scores of correct performance were significantly higher under the adapted matching than under the typical matching, but the inter-individual variability was large and the adapted arrangement favored mainly the performance of participants with lower scores. The second study investigated the emergence of performance that had not been directly taught to autistic children. Four children with autism learned to match one-element comparison stimuli to twoelement sample stimuli, in adapted matching-to-sample tasks. They also learned to name pictures. It was used a multiple baseline design. Relations between pictures and printed words and identification/nomination of printed words had been tested and the outcomes indicate the emergence of performances that had not been directly taught and the formation of stimulus equivalence classes. The dataset suggests the importance of the organization of stimuli in the tasks and the teaching of arbitrary relations as part of the conditions to promote the establishment of symbolic behavior in people with autism
Um método de busca usando algoritmo genético para programação reativa da produção de sistemas de manufatura com recursos compartilhados
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-14)
Deriz, Ana Claudia
;
Morandin Júnior, Orides
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4192845106907956
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4114541642595573
Search strategies have been used to solve the problem of scheduling of Manufacturing Systems with Shared Resources. However, depending on the size and complexity of the manufacturing system, the response time of the search becomes critical. Reseaches aim to use of Genetic Algorithms as a search method to solve the scheduling problem. This work proposes a modeling of Genetic Algorithm to solve this problem having as performance criteria the minimum makespan of the scheduling and obtaining a low response time of the search.
Desenvolvimento de competências de professores de língua inglesa por meio de diários dialogados de aprendizagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-14)
Kaneko-Marques, Sandra Mari
;
Viana, Nelson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6252579012192711
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7124628942184244
English language teaching demands preparation of critical and reflective professionals capable of developing a teaching practice that could enhance the language learning process. For this reason, it is necessary that Teacher Education Courses provide them opportunities for building competences to improve the quality of their work in many different educational contexts. This research aims at presenting an English Teacher Preparation Course of a Public University in which recent changes in the curriculum were made based on new demands from the Brazilian Ministry of Education for Teacher Education Programs. Focusing on developing prospective teacher s linguistic competence through theoretical and professional competences, reflections about language learning process were included since the first semesters of the course. To favor both building and development of these competences in future English teachers, dialogue journals were used in order to provide reflections about English language learning and teaching and also to offer theory and practice in a coherent manner as hold by Reflective Teaching. Benefits of the use of dialogue journals described in this study reveal that these personal logs can cater to continuous learning that many other resources might not provide, since teacher candidates can use their previous language learning experiences as language learners to understand their own process, as well as that of their future students. Results indicate that dialogue journals are meaningful tools to make future teachers integrate new information from theory in the course content to their background knowledge, enabling the development of linguistic, theoretical and professional competences. It is possible to suggest that keeping this ongoing written dialogue with future teachers is relevant because it is by means of reflection and introspection required in this task that they can be stimulated to engage in critical thinking to foster continuous professional growth.
Caracterização microestrutural, morfológica e óptica de filmes anódicos de ZrO2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-17)
Strixino, Francisco Trivinho
;
Souza, Ernesto Chaves Pereira de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1505400360366643
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9740223649776400
In this work, we described some of the anodic ZrO2 properties such as microstructure, morphology and luminescence. The microstructural analysis during the breakdown process reveals that the oxide nature is similar to those oxides prepared by other methods. Nevertheless, a transition in the breakdown region is associated with the presence of crystallographic phases not stable at ambient temperature (tetragonal metastable phase). These results were explained in terms of changes in the crystallite size and microstructural of the oxide during the breakdown process. The morphology of the anodic oxides reveals a surface contained a high distribution of blisters structure. The adsorption of oxygen gas originated from the electrolysis of water modifies the oxide morphology at that spots location. A broad emission band between 350-600 nm is observed in ZrO2 films when excited at 325 nm. The origin and nature of this emission is proposed to be related to the existence of structure defects (F-centers and Zr3+ ions) inside the oxide generated during the breakdown process. Theories about the breakdown mechanism and the analyses of the Rapid Thermal Annealing and EPR data reinforced this proposition. The work was finalized with the production of anodic doped ZrO2 with Eu3+. The microstructural analysis reveals that these luminescent ions are located inside the oxide matrix and the anodic doping was explained in terms of the breakdown process.
A carnalidade da reflexão: ipseidade e alteridade em Merleau-Ponty
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-17)
Silva, Claudinei Aparecido de Freitas da
;
Monzani, Luiz Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2036732603638197
Dans quel sens, le fait de circonscrire les notions d ipséité et d altérité par le moyen de l expérience de la carnalité devient-il légitime? Dans quelle mesure, le rôle de la perception, du propre corps, du langage, du temps, de la vision configurent un essai fondamental à cette circonscription ? Ce sont ces thèmes émergents que la présente recherche se propose de caractériser, à la lumière de la philosophie de Maurice Merleau-Ponty. Cette philosophie, du début à la fin, animée par une interrogation radicale portant sur l exercice de la réflexion dans sa transfiguration corporelle et intersubjective, sous l horizon ultime d une réhabilitation ontologique du sensible . C est cette question-énigme centrale que Merleau-Ponty cherche à traduire sous l idée de carnalité comme exigence de fond à laquelle se destine la signification dernière de la Raison, mise à l ordre du jour par la pensée contemporaine.
Papel dos receptores GABA-benzodiazpínicos da amigdala na modulação da ansiedade em camundongos ingênuos e reexpostos ao labirinto em cruz elevado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-17)
Barbalho, Cilene Aparecida
;
Souza, Azair Liane Matos do Canto de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2352004564367849
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7206285334603986
Previous studies demonstrated that microinjections of midazolam (MDZ), GABAAbenzodiazepine (BDZs) receptor agonist, into the amygdala (AMY) produce anxiolytic effects in the elevated plus-maze (EPM) naïve-mice. During the reexposured to the EPM is increasing avoidance of open arms and impairs the anxiolytic like effect of BDZs, phenomenon characterized as "one trial tolerance" (OTT). This study investigated the effects of intra-AMY infusions of midazolam (MDZ) in EPM-experienced mice and GABAA-BDZs receptor antagonist, flumazenil (FMZ), intra-AMY, on anxiety in EPM-naïve and EPMexperienced mice. The analysis was performed on conventional measures of anxiety (% open arm entries and % open arm time), locomotor activity (frequency of closed arm entries) and a range of ethological measures related to risk assessment. The intra-AMY infusions of MDZ (3.0 and 30 nmol/0.1µl) increased % open arm entries (%OA) and % open arm time (%OT) in EPM-experienced mice. The analysis of ethological measures demonstrated that MDZ increased the total head dipping (THD) and decreased percent protected head dipping (%PHD) and percent protected stretched attend postures (%PSAP) without any significant change to total stretched attend (TSAP), total rearing (TR) and total immobility (TI). The intra-AMY infusions of FMZ 16 (nmol/0.1µl), increased %OA and %OT in maze-naïve and maze-experienced mice. The analysis of ethological measures reveals that FMZ increased the THD and TSAP and decreased %PHD and %PSAP without any significant change to TSAP, TR and TI in maze-naïve. In EPM-experienced mice, intra-AMY infusions of FMZ only increased TSAP without alter any other ethological measure. Interestingly, combined administration of DMCM (1.0 mg/Kg) and FMZ (2.0 nmol) significantly decreased the %OA and %OT when compared to vehicle+vehicle. The anxiogenic-like effect produced by GABAA receptor inverse agonist was blocked by intra-AMY infusions of FMZ. FMZ plus vehicle produced absence of effects. These effects were observed in the absence of significant changes in locomotor activity, indicating a selective anxiolytic-like effect for MDZ and FMZ. Interestingly, both benzodiazepine receptor agonist and antagonist, MDZ and FLU, respectively, produced selective anxiolytic-like effects when injected into the amygdala in maze-experienced mice. Together, present results demonstrate that GABA-benzodiazepine receptor complex located within the AMY did not involvement in the OTT phenomenon. However, the anxiogenic-like effect produced by GABA-BDZs receptor inverse agonist was blocked by intra-AMY infusions of FMZ. These results suggest that the emotional state induced by plus-maze test someway releases endogenous benzodiazepine receptor inverse agonist within the amygdala.