Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2007-12-17"

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Caracterização microestrutural, morfológica e óptica de filmes anódicos de ZrO2
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-17)
Strixino, Francisco Trivinho
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Souza, Ernesto Chaves Pereira de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1505400360366643
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9740223649776400
In this work, we described some of the anodic ZrO2 properties such as microstructure, morphology and luminescence. The microstructural analysis during the breakdown process reveals that the oxide nature is similar to those oxides prepared by other methods. Nevertheless, a transition in the breakdown region is associated with the presence of crystallographic phases not stable at ambient temperature (tetragonal metastable phase). These results were explained in terms of changes in the crystallite size and microstructural of the oxide during the breakdown process. The morphology of the anodic oxides reveals a surface contained a high distribution of blisters structure. The adsorption of oxygen gas originated from the electrolysis of water modifies the oxide morphology at that spots location. A broad emission band between 350-600 nm is observed in ZrO2 films when excited at 325 nm. The origin and nature of this emission is proposed to be related to the existence of structure defects (F-centers and Zr3+ ions) inside the oxide generated during the breakdown process. Theories about the breakdown mechanism and the analyses of the Rapid Thermal Annealing and EPR data reinforced this proposition. The work was finalized with the production of anodic doped ZrO2 with Eu3+. The microstructural analysis reveals that these luminescent ions are located inside the oxide matrix and the anodic doping was explained in terms of the breakdown process.
A carnalidade da reflexão: ipseidade e alteridade em Merleau-Ponty
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-17)
Silva, Claudinei Aparecido de Freitas da
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Monzani, Luiz Roberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2036732603638197
Dans quel sens, le fait de circonscrire les notions d ipséité et d altérité par le moyen de l expérience de la carnalité devient-il légitime? Dans quelle mesure, le rôle de la perception, du propre corps, du langage, du temps, de la vision configurent un essai fondamental à cette circonscription ? Ce sont ces thèmes émergents que la présente recherche se propose de caractériser, à la lumière de la philosophie de Maurice Merleau-Ponty. Cette philosophie, du début à la fin, animée par une interrogation radicale portant sur l exercice de la réflexion dans sa transfiguration corporelle et intersubjective, sous l horizon ultime d une réhabilitation ontologique du sensible . C est cette question-énigme centrale que Merleau-Ponty cherche à traduire sous l idée de carnalité comme exigence de fond à laquelle se destine la signification dernière de la Raison, mise à l ordre du jour par la pensée contemporaine.
Papel dos receptores GABA-benzodiazpínicos da amigdala na modulação da ansiedade em camundongos ingênuos e reexpostos ao labirinto em cruz elevado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-17)
Barbalho, Cilene Aparecida
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Souza, Azair Liane Matos do Canto de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2352004564367849
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7206285334603986
Previous studies demonstrated that microinjections of midazolam (MDZ), GABAAbenzodiazepine (BDZs) receptor agonist, into the amygdala (AMY) produce anxiolytic effects in the elevated plus-maze (EPM) naïve-mice. During the reexposured to the EPM is increasing avoidance of open arms and impairs the anxiolytic like effect of BDZs, phenomenon characterized as "one trial tolerance" (OTT). This study investigated the effects of intra-AMY infusions of midazolam (MDZ) in EPM-experienced mice and GABAA-BDZs receptor antagonist, flumazenil (FMZ), intra-AMY, on anxiety in EPM-naïve and EPMexperienced mice. The analysis was performed on conventional measures of anxiety (% open arm entries and % open arm time), locomotor activity (frequency of closed arm entries) and a range of ethological measures related to risk assessment. The intra-AMY infusions of MDZ (3.0 and 30 nmol/0.1µl) increased % open arm entries (%OA) and % open arm time (%OT) in EPM-experienced mice. The analysis of ethological measures demonstrated that MDZ increased the total head dipping (THD) and decreased percent protected head dipping (%PHD) and percent protected stretched attend postures (%PSAP) without any significant change to total stretched attend (TSAP), total rearing (TR) and total immobility (TI). The intra-AMY infusions of FMZ 16 (nmol/0.1µl), increased %OA and %OT in maze-naïve and maze-experienced mice. The analysis of ethological measures reveals that FMZ increased the THD and TSAP and decreased %PHD and %PSAP without any significant change to TSAP, TR and TI in maze-naïve. In EPM-experienced mice, intra-AMY infusions of FMZ only increased TSAP without alter any other ethological measure. Interestingly, combined administration of DMCM (1.0 mg/Kg) and FMZ (2.0 nmol) significantly decreased the %OA and %OT when compared to vehicle+vehicle. The anxiogenic-like effect produced by GABAA receptor inverse agonist was blocked by intra-AMY infusions of FMZ. FMZ plus vehicle produced absence of effects. These effects were observed in the absence of significant changes in locomotor activity, indicating a selective anxiolytic-like effect for MDZ and FMZ. Interestingly, both benzodiazepine receptor agonist and antagonist, MDZ and FLU, respectively, produced selective anxiolytic-like effects when injected into the amygdala in maze-experienced mice. Together, present results demonstrate that GABA-benzodiazepine receptor complex located within the AMY did not involvement in the OTT phenomenon. However, the anxiogenic-like effect produced by GABA-BDZs receptor inverse agonist was blocked by intra-AMY infusions of FMZ. These results suggest that the emotional state induced by plus-maze test someway releases endogenous benzodiazepine receptor inverse agonist within the amygdala.
Convivência em uma orquestra comunitária: um olhar para os processos educativos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-18)
Joly, Maria Carolina Leme
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Montrone, Aida Victoria Garcia
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9011731777978672
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8669536548912329
This work is the result of a research for Masters, which aims to highlighting and analyzing the educational processes present in a community orchestra from the practice of social coexistence of a group of musicians. The Experimental Orchestra of UFSCar (São Carlos Federal University), where the data collection happened is formed by amateur and professional musicians, from different communities, with different degrees of development and musical knowledge. The theoretical reference adopted is based on works of Paulo Freire, Ernani Fiori, Moacir Gadotti, Agnes Heller, Maria Waldenez Oliveira, as well as others related to Social Practice and Educational Processes fields. Concerning Musical Education, works of Viviane Beineke, Teca Brito, Vanda Freire, Marisa Fonterrada, Carlos Kater, Hans Koellreuter, were adopted among others. This study qualifies as qualitative research with participant observation and the data were collected by semi-structure interviews with five orchestra participants. From the analysis of the data it was possible to highlight some musical, human and social living processes which happen through living in diversity such as respect for differences, tolerance, friendship, solidarity and others
O desempenho institucional do Executivo no Legislativo entre 2002 e 2006
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-18)
Santos, Rodrigo dos
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Noronha, Eduardo Garuti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6908348693613769
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7131788186272876
This master thesis analyses the interplay of political powers in Brazilian Legislative chambers, during Lula s government. It considers the point of view of the parties and the interests present on budget and fiscal disputes between Federal Executive power and State Executive powers. It is considered that, as a representative and supervisory institute, the Legislative chambers offer the possibility of politic interactions between Executive power, governors and parties. The analysis follows eight budget initiatives, being four of Crédito Extraordinário (Extraordinary Credit) and four of Auxílio Financeiro (Financial Aid), made through Medidas Provisórias (Provisory Measures) by the Executive power in benefit of States, towns and cities, after some partial constitutional modifications, known as the Amendment n° 32, were implemented. After the identification of the gaps existing both in studies that stress the centralization of legislative works and studies that emphasize the individual and regional members of parliament s behavior, this study stresses the need for initiatives of the Executive power that consider the tributary increase of other government instances. It is argued that the Executive can, strategically, co-ordinate his initiatives with the other government instances in an interactive way, to strengthen the Federal Government and to promote modifications in the current model of fiscal exaction. The analysis of the data shows that the Executive power, in spite of assuming the need for a reformulation of the fiscal model, avoids the influence of the Legislative power, particularly that of the Senate, driving bigger resources for Crédito Extraordinário, in detriment of Auxílio Financeiro. It concludes that the difficulties found by the Executive power to approve a new model of fiscal exaction in the Legislative chambers can be associated with little influence of the government party (PT) on state governments.
Otimização de fluxo em redes na gestão financeira do caixa: aplicação em uma empresa do setor agroindustrial
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-18)
Pacheco, José Vinícius de Avila
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Morabito Neto, Reinaldo
Cash flow management is a financial problem that involves the efficient management of cash, short-term investments and short-term loans. In this study, we formulate the cash flow problem encountered in a typical agro-industrial company as a network optimization problem. Two examples using a linear programming model were studied: in the first example, the original model were used to support operational cash flow decisions, in the second example, the model were extended to a tactical planning of loan payments. The mathematic models are resolved in the solver tool that is an add-in of Microsoft Excel. Spreadsheets are of wide applicability for analytical work in business. The model has the potential of being flexible and to maximize the cash return from the final planning period in real-life situations
Proposta de tratamento da variável localização em modelos inferenciais de avaliação imobiliária para municípios médios
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-18)
Ferreira, Jose Fabricio
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Röhm, Sergio Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7332654261230826
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1760837109572662
Location is a central variable in mathematical models of real estate appraisal. The main goal of this dissertation is to propose a method for the treatment of this variable in a specific kind of appraisal, but very relevant, known as PGV (in Brazil, anything like an assessment roll). Besides being a important instrument of urban tax policies, PGVs also have their usefulness in urban planning for revealing the dynamics of real estate valuation. The study focuses in São Carlos (São Paulo State, Brazil), a city of nearly 210.000 inhabitants. It is a city of intermediary size, whose spatial patterns of real estate valuation are not quite simple, like in small towns, but factors whose effects have maximum expression in the metropolitan environment start to consolidate. The main of them is segregation, and the conditions of competition for the best location occur in the field of real estate market. This study aims to explore the amplitude of the city, with its variability of characteristics, incorporating in the object of study the locations of the urban core and expansion areas. It discusses the influence or correlation of factors such as demand for public services, infrastructures, attributes of location, neighbourhood aspects, urban amenities and aspects of illegality in the composition of the market value of these properties. Thus, diversity and variability of characteristics widen the study of the valuation pattern of the urban land. The innovative approach of this study is to link two fields of knowledge apparently distincts the inferential methodologies of mass evaluation and the studies of intra-urban location. The common potencial issue is tax application. It means, to the local governments, to consider the city as it shows itself, ensuring not only the success in evaluative formulations, but the respect for the principles of fairness that should characterize the tax policies.
Modificação microestrutural da liga Al-Si 380 conformada por spray com a co-injeção de partículas contendo fases intermetálicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-19)
Bereta, Luiz Antonio
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Bolfarini, Claudemiro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9231627080617037
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8706833995243816
The aim of this work was to determine the microstructure and the mechanical properties of a spray formed Al-Si 380 alloy in different conditions as follow: co-injection of particles containing intermetallic phases, extrusion and heat treatment in the deposits. The wear resistance was also evaluated. The microstructure was determined as a function of two different composition applied in the co-injection, two processing routes (spray formed with or without extrusion) and two heat treatment condition (present or not). The composition of the co-injection particles was selected aiming to improve the formation of α-Al(Fe,Mn)Si instead of β-Al(Fe,Mn)Si intermetallic, with Thermocalc program. The microstructure of the deposit was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with microanalysis (EDS) and the length of the needle-like phases (-Al(Fe,Mn)Si) was measured. The processing condition that formed the smallest average length of the -Al(Fe,Mn)Si was extruded and heat treated. An extra heat was processed with Mg addition in order to improve the precipitation hardening. The samples were tested in tension at room temperature, 100 oC, 200 oC e 300 oC. The wear tests were carried out at a sliding speed of 0,48 m/s and at the load of 500g, 800g and 1000g, in a 2,5 mm diameter samples. The co-injection of the particles containing the α-Al(Fe,Mn)Si phase was effective in decreasing the β-Al(Fe,Mn)Si phase length and promote the increase of the elongation values. The artificial aging heat treatment was effective in increase the yield and ultimate tensile strengths without decrease significantly the elongation. The Mg addition promoted an additional increase of the yield and ultimate tensile strengths. The wear tests show that no statistical difference was observed among the evaluated samples, according to test parameters selected.
Extraterrestres: ciência e pensamento mítico no mundo moderno
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-19)
Carlos, Daniel Pícaro
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Leirner, Piero de Camargo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0943450154094305
Terceiro setor, educação e juventude: um estudo sobre as práticas da Instituição de Incentivo à Criança e ao Adolescente (ICA) de Mogi Mirim-SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-20)
Stort, Daniela Ribeiro
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Lopes, Roseli Esquerdo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1507752191797249
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5246820022433274
The present work aims to identify and analyze the practical of the Institution of Incentive to the Infant and to the Adolescent (ICA) of Mogi Mirim/SP, in what it has contributed (or not) for the consolidation of the neoliberal project in course in our country, and as that practice has influenced, and in which direction, for the formation of its public. Inaugurated in 1997, ICA attends at the present 203 infants and youths between 11 and 18 years. Like this, the research deals with the themes of the Youth and of the Education in the interior of the practices of an educational institution that is, also, a non governmental-organization and part of what being named "third sector". Initially, was done a bibliographical lift and a literature revision for each one of the themes, what supplied the parameters for the study proposed. Regarding the empirical field, were utilized different strategies of inquiry, to know: documentary search in the institution files, interviews with the social actors involved - administrative, educators and youths attended - and participant observation. To the light of the authors studied, certified that what been named as "third sector" participates of the reproduction of the social injustice with a talk in defense of the benefectoring and an ideology of the 'social responsibility generosity' that hides its functionality to the neoliberal State. In that context, the results here presented show the charity practiced by ICA, that has one of its foundations the adherence to the dominant ideology of the youths to which itself return: those arising from the poor and popular extracts. The action of the institution, at the same time guarantees some rights to the population attended, reproduces, of certain way, the economic, social inequalities and inherent politics to the capitalist output way and our structure social relations. Remain, of that way, the evidence of the "social question" as a challenge for the construction of the citizenship and of the democracy in a classes society.
Uma solução peer-to-peer para o gerenciamento da distribuição de dados baseada na arquitetura de alto nível HLA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-20)
Ferrari, Ricardo Cesar Câmara
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Araujo, Regina Borges de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8964123297688432
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2442466255037066
Distributed and parallel simulations can be used to create virtual collaborative environments that involve human beings in applications of training, entertainment, etc. The High Level Architecture - HLA, developed by the Defense Modeling and Simulation Office (DMSO) of the North American Department of Defense - DoD and adopted by IEEE for modeling and simulation of high level, is a framework of simulation standardization that basically aims at the reuse and interoperability of/among simulations. The HLA comprises the following services: Federation Management, Declaration Management, Object Management, Ownership Management, Time Management and Distribution of Data Management (DDM). RTI (Run-Time Infrastructure) is the implementation of the interface specification of HLA, whose main objective is to separate the communication from the simulation. A version of the RTI (RTI kit version 1.3 from Georgia Institute of Technology - Georgia Tech) was installed in the cluster of the Computer Department of the Federal University of São Carlos. This version consists of a set of support libraries for real-time distributed simulation. The problem with this version of the RTI is that it has many limitations, such as lack of support for human interaction. In order to overcome these limitations, an architecture was developed and evaluated, as part of this work, that uses the JXTA platform to initiate federates (simulations) and federations (set of federates) at runtime web services. This architecture aims to manage the distribution of data among federates, one of the most important services for distributed simulations.
Atualização da rede GPS de São Carlos e a avaliação do método "PPP" em comparação com o ajustamento de redes geodésicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-20)
Pereira, Luiz Antonio
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Röhm, Sergio Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7332654261230826
Atulim (2002) and Racanicchi (2003) had planned and implemented a geodetic GPS network in São Carlos city, which needed maintenance and revision. The proposals of this dissertation had consisted of: i) to bring up to date the GPS geodetic network in the city of São Carlos and to make it compatible with the SIRGAS2000 (Geocentric Reference System of Americas 2000), with new network adjustment and injunction in two geodesic vertices in the urban area of São Carlos, homologated by the IBGE after the implantation of the original geodetic network in 2003; ii) to evaluate and to compare the new results of the geodetic network coordinates obtained with the relative positioning through the tracking of artificial satellites, according to technology NAVSTAR/GPS and adjusted through the Least Squares Method, with results of coordinates obtained through the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) Method, processed by PPP on-line services. Analyzing the results obtained in this dissertation, it was possible to evaluate that the application of PPP Method, since that followed the specific orientations of each on-line service used, takes care perfectly to the required to support of cadastral registry and location services for the most varied purposes, however it does not substitute yet other services that demand highest degree of accuracy only obtained with vectors and network adjustment with statistical control of processes that demand high computational activity.
Processo de conscientização do futuro professor de língua inglesa sobre as especificidades de se aprender inglês para ensinar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-20)
Emidio, Denise Elaine
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Augusto-Navarro, Eliane Hercules
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5716027350340906
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2749742550664412
This dissertation presents the results of an investigation about the consciousness development of pre-service EFL teachers, throughout their first year, that learning the language as prospective teachers is different from learning for general purposes (in language courses, for example). We have analyzed classes in an EFL teacher Education program that presents theory in the study of the target language (Content-based instruction - CBI) since pre-service teacher first year at the university. These undergraduate students carry (mis)beliefs, which cause them disappointment and resistance against the syllabus. However, in the end of the first year it is possible to notice the beginning of a consciousness process in some participants. Our study shows that the CBI is appropriate for EFL teacher education. Nevertheless there should be a smoother process of consciousness raising of students that they are in a different position than that of mere language learners, so that they can notice this new role by themselves
A internacionalização do P&D em empresas multinacionais e a formação de empresas de base tecnológica no Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-21)
Barretto, Antonio Luiz Corrêa de Mattos
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Pinho, Marcelo Silva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4645682372457559
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0958493062722153
This dissertation aims to evaluate technology spin-offs Brazilian economy in the context of internationalization of multinational companies. Since 1980, the multinationals modify its international production strategies stressing efforts in R&D and other high value-added activities and affiliated companies gain a more important role at the international strategy of the group. As an indirect result of the technological role of the affiliated in national economy technology spin-offs are an important subject that need to be more attention. This work analyses the chacteristics of spin-offs from different origins focusing on affiliated as the parent organization.
Análise da influência do porte, entre outros fatores, sobre vários aspectos da competitividade de manufaturas de calçados masculinos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2007-12-21)
Silva, Sérgio Evangelista
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Fernandes, Flavio Cesar Faria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1883543392132055
This thesis has the purpose of analyzing the size and other factors of male shoes manufactories (denominated) MCMs about their relationship with externals elements (macro e microeconomic elements), on the configuration of internal elements (managerial system, Manufacturing, Sales and Marketing, Research and Development (R&D)) and reference elements (their performance attributes and performance objectives). This research uses the qualitative approach aiming the study of six big size MCMs and fourteen small size ones, all located in Franca, known as a leader cluster in male shoes manufacturing. The method used in this research was the multiple case studies and the related data were collected by interviews applied in these firms. Among the main results, it can be noticed that the size is an extreme important factor on determining the relationship of the MCMs with external, internal e reference elements. However, there were identified many other factors that play a relevant role in the MCMs competitiveness. Therefore, the main contributions of this research are: a wide review on competitiveness literature and proposal of its four perspectives; the proposal of a general model of firm relationship with the external, internal and reference elements; distinction between performance objective and performance attribute; a wide view of male shoes industry organization and the way its firms work; application of the general model of the firm relationship with the external, internal and references elements to the shoe industry
Comportamento de busca na internet: um estudo exploratório em salas comunitárias
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-01-01)
Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary
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Abe, Veridiana
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810
Estudo sobre o comportamento de busca de informação dos usuários das salas de Internet existentes em duas instituições numa cidade do interior do estado de São Paulo, que promovem o acesso gratuito à comunidade, assim contribuindo ativamente ao processo de inclusão digital. A análise do comportamento de busca de informação dos usuários visou identificar a estratégia global de busca empregada, compreendendo a utilização da sintaxe e semântica de busca, as fontes de informação e os usos da Internet. Foram aplicados 61 questionários com perguntas fechadas e abertas e os resultados permitem afirmar que os usuários possuem pouca familiaridade com a Internet, efetuam em média 1 a 2 buscas e empregam poucos termos na formulação da expressão de busca, ainda que recuperem as informações que necessitam.
O político na argumentação de um processo de injúria
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-01-07)
Garcia, Marília Achete Junqueira
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Silva, Soeli Maria Schreiber da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8794598988783452
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5574133243424236
This research, intitled Designation and Argumentation in an Injury Process, is directed to an analysis of the argumentative movements in a process characterized as injury in which the designations trim diferent discursive memories of each enunciative occurency and in which the subjects division in the enunciation mark the division of each enunciative scene of the process, supporting by the argumentative operators to direct the argumentation meanings, since these meanings constitute the meanings of the text, as they trim certain interdiscursive regions. Thus, this research has as theoric aparate the Guimarães studies, and, then, institutes itself in the theoric-metodologic perspective of the Semântica Histórica da Enunciação and the Semântica Argumentativa. The process was estabilished after the denounce of a black police woman, who works at the Câmara Municipal de São Carlos, after hearing from her superior the department chef enunciations containing ofensive designations to her color and to her job. Aiming to analyse how the argumentation is built in the process and, consequently, how its meanings are constituted, considering that the argumentation is a process of the político, in a first moment is verified in which way the signos constitutive of the ofensive statements are valued by the interlocution subjects from the investigation of the social-historical values that get through the designations, supporting on, for this, in the Bakhtin and Guimarães theories. After being verified that the designations meanings are being constituted as injurious, I considered that it occurs the dissenso , defined by Rancière as the division of the sensible world that become the argumentation possible, and, because there is the dissenso, this space division in which occurs the enunciations, I get the conception that every process space of enunciation is político, is divided. Thus, is developed, at this moment of the research, the definition of polític, built by in his text Semântica do Acontecimento, since the político will get through all the enunciative relations of the legal text (the process, the law), and develop the concepts of temporalidade and acontecimento. But, because I consider that the dissenso estabilish the division, beggining the litígio, that I analise, firstly, in this chapter, the concepts of política and polícia drawned by Rancière. After being verified that the enunciation space of the process is political and ruled by a normativity, in which the subjects are ruled by its rights to enunciate and to the ways to enunciate, this means, conidering the reffered coertions of the ennciative space of the process, are drawned in the following chapter the manner of enunciability of the Manual Law Manual and in which way the discursive memory interacts to the construction of legal statements into the interdiscursive way, being supported by authours as Pêcheux, Orlandi et al. In the last chapter, at first are followed Ducrot and Anscombre steps, concerning to the argumentation for it, than, being developed and applyied the theories about enunciation and argumentation elaborated by Guimarães, having as the main focus the role of the argumentative operators in the construction of the argmentation meanings in the process
Especificidades do uso do inglês (LE) na área técnica empresarial : a relação entre necessidades, planejamento de curso e material didático
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-01-09)
Lopes, Jaqueline
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Augusto-Navarro, Eliane Hercules
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5716027350340906
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8817452243169934
This study presents a comparison of the English as a Foreign Language courses offered at two companies. Our purpose is to evaluate what is the treatment of the language use specificities in these companies employees peformance of their functions in their daily work routine. We discuss the key role of needs analysis in the design of effective LSP courses, as stated by Hutchinson and Waters (1984, 1987) and Dudley-Evans and St John (1998), among other reserchers in the field. Our data analysis shows how important it is that professionals who decide to work in this area search for solid theoretical information on this fruitful and progressive branch of EFL/ESL, more specifically. Our study can provide initial theoretical basis for those language teachers, especially the ones working with EFL,who wish to be introduced or to obtain
Seleção de supervisor e diretor escolar no município de Piracicaba: racionalidades burocráticas ou tendências patrimonialistas?
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-01-10)
Piccoli, Denise Fujihara
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Conti, Celso Luiz Aparecido
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6967887143687279
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0169735705679214
This dissertation searched to analyze be the selection of a school principal a supervisor that was implemented after the fundamental teaching municipalization in the 90 s. Therefore, it was taken as empiric base the developed actions in a city from São Paulo state from 1999 to 2006. To emphasize the progressive alternation in the recruitment of these public servants, there s a public contest of tests and titles made in São Paulo. The objective was to understand how the city organized to select supervisors and school pricipals, and how it was happened. Therefore, a group of people had participated somehow of these choices could supply the essential information for the study development. For uderstanding the measured of these selections it was based in impersonal, candidate s professional knowledge and the execution of the abstract norms established or reaffirmed the beginnings a political culture based in patrimonialism and in clientelism, characteristics of the brazilian state
Metabolismo antioxidativo, biotransformação hepática e alterações histológicas de matrinxã (Brycon amazonicus, SPIX & AGASSIZ, 1829, CHARACIDAE) exposto ao fenol
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-01-10)
Avilez, Ive Marchioni
;
Moraes, Gilberto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4427903557163246
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2292046989281781
Pollution is nowadays a problem that affects all environments, including the freshwater and the species living in there. Among them, under the ecotoxicological point of view, fish are a relevant group and the biggest among vertebrates. Phenol is an exogenous chemical usually present in concentrations higher than those allowed by law. Phenol is an organic lipophilic xenobiotic that cause toxic effects even at low concentrations and its presence in freshwater results from discharge of industrial efffluents. The aim of the present study was to determine the phenol effects 1) in the liver and red blood cells antioxidant metabolism, 2) in the liver biotransformation (phase I and II), 3) in the brain acetylcholinesterase plus recovery of 1 and 2 weeks and 4) in gills, liver and kidney, under the histopathological point of view, in matrinxã, Brycon amazonicus, a freshwater teleost from Amazon basin, which is being widely cultivated in Sao Paulo state. For such, three assays were done. Firstly, the phenol LC50 was determined for 96 hours. Second, the exposition to phenol was carried out for 96 h to determine its effects on gills, liver and kidney. At last, an experiment of exposure for 96 h, followed by recovery for one and two weeks, was carried out to determine its antioxidant effects on the liver and on the red blood cell metabolism (vitamin C, SOD, CAT, GPx, GSH and G6PDH); on two liver biotransformation phase I (EROD and ECOD) and phase II activities (UDPGT and GST) and brain acetylcholinesterase activity. The LC50 to phenol was 17, 40 mg/L, showing that matrinxã is a very sensitive species to phenol. From this, the phenol concentration used in all experiments was 2 mg/L. Histopathology observations showed that phenol affected harder the gills than liver and kidney, causing apical and total fusion of the secondary lamella plus blood congestion and sub epithelial edema. In the liver diameter increase of the sinusoidal capillaries and blood stasis was observed. In the kidney, phenol caused an increase of the space between glomerulus and capsule. A hematocrit increase was observed in fish exposed and recovery for one week. These results, associated to gill lesions, suggested that matrinxã endured a reduction in oxygen absorption. Erythrocyte antioxidant metabolism did not suggest that matrinxã exposed to phenol was under oxidative stress. Only G6PDH activity was increased during exposure, while CAT activity was decreased in matrinxã s erythrocytes. Also, oxidative stress was not observed after recovery. The antioxidant metabolism in liver was not affected after exposure, but after recovery, as it is suggested by the increase of GPx activity after first week of recovery followed by its decrease after second week. Hepatic G6PDH also decreases after the second week. These results corroborated the hepatic biotransformation data, which was increasing in the EROD and ECOD activities. The occurrence of oxidative stress only after the recovery may be ascribed to the increase in the hepatic biotransformation enzymes of the phase I, wherein the ERO production occurs. Moreover, phenol might have an inhibitory effect on phase II enzymes after phenol exposure, as suggested by UDPGT and GST activities decreases. Phenol was capable of inhibiting UDPGT activity in vitro, an effect not observed with GST activity. An inhibition of EROD and ECOD activities should be happened after exposition. The brain AChE activity was also inhibited after phenol exposure, regaining the control values after recovery. However, the vitamin C concentration increased after exposure and recovery, while a persistent decrease was observed in the liver after exposure and recovery. These results demonstrated phenol toxicity to matrinxa and the need of limit matrinxã exposure to this xenobiotic.