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Técnica, ciência e neutralidade no pensamento de Herbert Marcuse
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-02-26) Pisani, Marilia Mello; Maar, Wolfgang Leo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8746615407370574; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6738980149860322
Herbert Marcuse was the author of a controversial critique of the thesis of the neutrality of technology and science, presented mainly in his book published in 1964, One-Dimensional Man: studies in the ideology of advanced industrial society. The aim of the work is an understanding of that critique, and it is divided into three parts. The first one deals with the influence that the philosophical discussions of the 1940 s and 1950 s had on the development of the theme in Marcuse s thought. The second part is a study of the origins of the critique of neutrality in texts written by Marcuse in his youth that brings to light the very peculiar way he articulates philosophy and Marxism, which in turn, as it is shown in the third part, leads to a severe criticism of the advanced industrial societies. The approach to technique, science and politics that follows from that double philosophic and social conception is the basis for the structuring of Marcuse s thought.
Tutoria : estratégias de ensino para inclusão de alunos com deficiência em aulas de educação física
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-02-26) Souza, Joslei Viana de; Costa, Maria da Piedade Resende da; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8737446468331264
The movement of inclusion school increasingly are entering students with disabilities in regular schools and consequently the classes of Physical Education. This proposal, including school, has been shown in practice with many difficulties such as: the non-involvement of managers in this process, lack of preparation of the teacher in their initial and continuous training, inadequate physical space to carry out the lessons; excessive number of students the classes; absence of strategies for education that will enable the effective participation of students with disabilities in classes of physical education, among others. This research has developed a work on tutoring as a strategy for education, in which a student with disabilities received help from another student during the performance of motor tasks. In this context, this research aimed to examine the effects of a training program for tutors on the participation of a student with mental disabilities associated with autism in the classes of Physical Education. It is supported by methodological assumption of feature predominantly qualitative study of the type of case. The subject of this research were: a professor of Physical Education, a student with mental disabilities associated with autism; five tutors. And interview technique were used as instruments of observation for data collection. At first there were filming the lessons of Physical Education of a school of the Network of Education Hall of Ilhéus - BA, before and after the training of tutors. The results showed that the tutoring of education as a strategy to increase the participation of students with disabilities was effective. There was involvement on the part of fellow tutors. As for the training of tutoring the data showed that more time is needed for post-training assistance from the tutors are more effective. It was concluded that the inclusion school is a utopia, but by means of draft strategies for teaching it is possible to contribute to this process if effective over time so that in future present a Physical Education for all without the need to explain in terminology of redundant Physical Education inclusive.
Estrutura de vidros fosfatos ternários no sistema Pb-Al metafosfato
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-02-26) Tsuchida, Jefferson Esquina; Pizani, Paulo Sérgio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1038437165007849; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9049482575702565
In this work, the Pb-Al meta-phosphate glass system (1-x) Pb(PO3)2 xAl(PO3)3 was studied, with the aim of determining the structural effects induced in the glass network by the substitution of Pb by Al. In the series of glasses encompassing the range 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 the composition meta [O/P] = 3 was maintained. In this way, the resulting phosphate network will be composed mainly by phosphate tetrahedra in condensation Q2 (chains or rings), simplifying the formulation of structural models. The structure of this system was analyzed trough a combination of Raman spectroscopy and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). The structural environments around the network former and modifiers species were analyzed by 31P, 27Al and 207Pb-NMR, quantifying the distribution of phosphate groups and determining the coordination numbers of Al and Pb. For phosphate groups, several Q2 species were identified according to the number of P-O-Pb and P-O-Al bonds established by each tetrahedron. Through the quantitative analysis of the evolution of the population of these species with the concentration of Al, it was possible to infer specific characteristics of organization of the Al coordination polyhedra and phosphate tetrahedra. Phosphates share preferentially only a single corner with an Al-O polyhedron, which is found with high coordination number, and the other corner with a Pb-polyhedron. As x is increased, this medium range arrangement around Al is maintained through the progressive decrease of the Al coordination number, up to a certain critical concentration (x = 0.43). Above this concentration, the arrangement is not sustained and phosphates sharing two corners with Al-polyhedrons appear. On the other hand, the environments around Pb have high coordination numbers and a considerable degree of cornersharing between Pb-polyhedra was determined. The dependence of Pb coordination number with composition is determined by the quantity of available Onp, without apparent modification in the degree of O-sharing. The behavior observed for the local order around the Al and the arrangement of coordination polyhedra is similar to the observed in tow other meta-phosphates (Ca-Al and Na-Al), pointing out to a possible general trend for ternary phosphate glasses.