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Caracterização morfofuncional das brânquias de Arapaima gigas, durante a transição da respiração aquática para respiração aérea
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-07) Ramos, Cleverson Agner; Fernandes, Marisa Narciso; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9306613290256886
The gill structure of the Amazon fish Arapaima gigas, an obligatory air breather, was analyzed during its transition to obligatory air breathing behavior and the obtained data was related to its breathing mode. Gills of fish weighing between 2 to 5000g were collected, fixed and processed for morphometric analysis, histochemistry, imunohistochemistry, transmission (TEM) and scanning (SEM) electron microscopy (chloride cell fractional area, CCFA and density). In the first stages of development the gill filaments is as those of water-breathers, but there s intense changes while the animal grow, with influence on respiratory function and ionic exchanges. The lamellae keeps its organizational structure, including red cells passing through it, but them become to vestigial in fish since 1000g, being the interlamellar regions filled with filament cells. The most important cell types of the gill epithelia are the chloride cells (CCs), mucous cells (MCs) and the pavement cells (PCs). The PCs shows irregular shape and random microridges on the cell surface. Two cell processes are involved to gill changes, cells proliferation and programmed death cells (apoptosis); there is an intense proliferating cells until animals reach 500-600g. Apoptotics cells were low in all the animals observed. The number of CCs are low in animals under 100-200g and increased in the filament and lamellar epithelia in animals up to 1000g as well as the CCFA. Two kinds of MCs were observed, PAS positive and Alcian Blue positive. There was a significant raise in both cells until animals with 100-200g and PAS positives until 500-600g. These cells seem to play an important role relation with ion regulation. The transition to air breathing and the restriction for aquatic respiration result in gill changes in A. gigas, and the gills may play other important functions like ion and acid-base regulation, optimized by its epithelia cell kinds and its design.
Estudo e desenvolvimento de banhos contendo benzotriazol para eletrodeposição de níquel e caracterização química, física e morfologica dos filmes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-07) Moraes, Ana Carolina Mazarin de; Carlos, Ivani Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1666217445807782; https://lattes.cnpq.br/6213757332955372
In this work, nickel electrodeposition has been studied in the presence of the additives BTAH and/or EDTA onto platinum substrate from Watts plating bath, at different pH. The deposition and dissolution processes with or without additives were investigated through voltammetric techniques. The deposits obtained from these electrolytic solutions were analyzed by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), X-ray dispersion (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (DRX). Voltammetric studies showed the presence of additives in the plating bath the deposition current densities decreased. The anodic scan suggested the formation of different nickel crystallographic faces, besides that it also suggested other processes that can occur in parallel with dissolution of deposits. The highest efficiencies of the deposition process were obtained at low jdep for all systems studied. The hydrogen evolution reaction occurs simultaneously to the nickel deposition process since the initial moments. The nickel deposition studies from alkaline solutions that contain high concentration of EDTA showed that the complex NiY2- did not discharge to metallic nickel. The deposits were formed only when EDTA was used in low concentrations (additive proportions). Analysis of the deposits by SEM showed that the best conditions to obtain these deposits were carried out at Ed = -1,0 V or jdep = 2,5 mA cm-2 from nickel solutions at pH 6,0 in the presence of 1,0 x 10-3 mol L-1 BTAH. By EDX analysis we could verify that there was O and Cl incorporation in the deposits. The deposits of nickel morphology depends on the deposition potential and consequently on chemical composition of the deposits.
Formação de professores de educação física da Universidade Estadual de Londrina: tradução do projeto curricular pelos professores
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-07) Cesário, Marilene; Reali, Aline Maria de Medeiros Rodrigues; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3317859231163538
The curricular reformulation process which is established for every graduation course at National institutions of Higher Education, has the instructions for these curricular modifications in the National Curriculum Guideline CP01 and CP02 of 2002. Considering the course of Physical Education at UEL as a reference, we can realize that the curricular project of this course was installed in 2005 and it treats specifically the Physical Education teacher s education Licentiate degree. Recognizing the importance of the initial formation's task at teachers' professionalization and knowing that the possible changes in school institutions depend on this initial formation, this inquiry intend to analyze how teachers of the Physical Education course have translated the principles and guidelines which direct this curricular project into pedagogic practice. The main issue in this inquiry is teachers educators, because when they propose and resolve changes in the teachers' formation, they are also involved in a learning process and professional development. The specific elaborated goals were the following: a) Identify and analyze boundaries, challenges and difficulties found by teachers during the curricular project establishment; b) Describe and analyze teachers' initial learning derived from the curricular project establishment based on the perspective of the participant teachers; c) Identify, based on the narrative of the interviewee, that knowledge is recognized as important for the Physical Education teachers' education. We voted for a narrative inquisition in the current study, because it is understood that it characterizes the human experience phenomenon which is built during personal and professional life. A Semi-structured Interview was taken as a source for the data collection. This Interview was made with a teacher group that took part in the first year-Licensure establishment UEL (2005). Also, a Thematic Analysis was taken to treat and analyze the collected data. The results have showed the necessity for an association between school institution and university as one of the possibilities of teachers' professional development. The initial formation must approach the educative practice into school and must become an investigation field in a process of collaboration among different professionals.
Crianças com e sem deficiência auditiva e em processo de inclusão: a perspectiva das habilidades sociais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-07) Souza, Thiago Magalhães Pereira de; Del Prette, Almir; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2191226494887247; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5873272860746197
Children with hearing impairments which study into the regular school can be isolated andrejected by their peer group and can exhibit more learning disability, emotional andbehavior problems than children that don't have deficiencies. Theoretical field of socialskills has been dedicated to the study of these questions. However the literature don tindicate which performances from the children could contribute or hinder the inclusion ofchildren with hearing impairments on their interpersonal relations, just as there a few dataon the relations between these performances and the social isolation and rejection by thepeer group, academic competence and behavior problems. This work was divided into tworesearches. The purpose of the research I consists in identify the inclusive social skills,by categorizing the pro-included performances and from the anti-included performances.Participated in this research I eight children with hearing impairments and 128 childrenwithout deficiency of eight classes of 1ª the 4ª grades of regular schools. By means offilming from the classes in the classroom and classes of the physical education, have beenidentified and categorized 30 pro-included performances and 20 anti-includedperformances from the children. The objective of the research II was observe the relationamong the pro-included performances and the anti-included performances and: a) the socialskills; b) the behavior problems; c) the academic competence; d) the sociometric statusfrom the children. Participated in this research II eight children with hearing impairmentsand eight children without deficiency of eight classes of 1ª the 4ª grades of regular schools.The statistically descriptive analysis suggested the relation among these performances andthe repertory of social skills and the academic competence from the children. The datarelative to the behavior problems and the sociometric status from the children don t suggestthe relation among these variables and the pro-inclusive performances and anti-inclusiveperformances.
Modelo para concepção de sistema de medição de desempenho do processo de desenvolvimento do produto
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-07) Prancic, Eduard; Martins, Roberto Antonio; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3518820028045730; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1089222312561510
The development of a performance measurement system raises challenges related to both its role of application, involving the decision makers, and its range over the organization processes. Some processes are not yet properly incorporated in the literature on performance measurement systems, at least not in a structured and well articulate way, being usually represented only by a group of performance indicators. One of these processes is the Product Development Process (PDP)whose relevance given both by the academy and by the corporations justifies an investigation on how a performance measurement system should be developed to facilitate the appropriate use in search of speed and efficiency in new product development. Within this context, this thesis deals with two major subjects within Production Engineering simultaneously approached: a model for developing performance measurement systems to support product development process management. Such model has also the intent of highlighting the constraints and restrictions involved in performance systems structure and implementation. For this purpose a literature review was carried out. It has pointed out a gap in dealing with these two subjects simultaneously in Production Engineering field. A model was built considering the literature review on the subjects and also empiric evidences collected from four companies in several business segments. A multiple case study took into account the prospective of using performance measurement in different hierarchical levels. Furthermore, during the visits to the mentioned companies, important aspects were revealed regarding to the development of the performance measures and the articulation among these measures. Aspects as organizational structure, business model and competitive scenery, PDP management framework and information technology, all influence and impact the performance measurement systems development. However, in the studied companies, very few performance indicators were found, different from the traditional "cost, time and quality .