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Biologia de nidificação e estrutura sociogenética intranidal em espécies de Trypoxylon (Hymenoptera:Crabronidae)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-26)
Santoni, Mariana Marchi
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Del Lama, Marco Antonio
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7198095288825585
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6340546784739707
Female wasps of the genus Trypoxylon (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) mass-provision their nests with paralyzed spiders. Some species build mud nests; others use preexisting tubular cavities that are divided into a linear series of cells separated by mud partitions. Males of the Trypargilum subgenus mate with the females at the time a nest is initiated and guard the nest until it is completed, helping the female in the building and provisioning activities. In this study, the biology of the nest building and nest genetic structure of four species of Trypoxylon (Trypargilum) T. rogenhoferi, T. lactitarse, T. aurifrons and T. nitidum are shown. The species were sampled using trap-nests (made of dry bamboo stems) in three localities of the state of São Paulo: Araras (three years), São Carlos and Rifaina (two years). These areas were divided in sampling sites. The trap-nests used by the wasps were replaced with new ones and transported to the laboratory and they had the cocoons individually placed in vials. The emerged adults were identified and their emergency, weight and sex were registered. Later, they were stored at -20ºC. Alloyme phenotypes determined through horizontal starch gel electrophoresis were used to the determination of the intranidal relatedness. Some adults were submitted to morphometric analysis of wing traits (length and width of the forewing and hindwing) and mitocondrial DNA analysis. It was collected 2,908 nests of solitary hymenopterans, and 2,478 were founded by Trypoxylon females. Nesting activity was higher in the warm-rainy season (October-March) in these species. The trap-nests used by the different species showed significantly different dimensions. Araneidae was the spider family mainly used for provision, but a species-specific provisioning was observed. The most important parasitoid of the four species was Melittobia. In the three areas, the different species of Trypoxylon coexist temporally but each of them built their nests frequently in a specific site. This result may suggest differential occupation of the habitat. The intranidal architecture of the studied species does not differ from other species of the Trypargilum subgenus: the females divide the nest-trap in sequences of provisioned cells and finish it with the construction of a closure plug. Two types of T. rogenhoferi and T. lactitarse cocoons were found, as observed for other species of the group punctulatum. It was verified that the frequencies of the two types are associated with sex and nest-trap diameter. A possible genetic determination of this character is discussed. A 1 :1 populational sex ratio for the four species was found during all the periods for Araras and Rifaina and the distribution of the sexes inside the nest was not random, where males were frequently found in the first brood cells. Females were significantly bigger than males for the five traits, showing a higher parental investment in females. The developmental cycle in these species last 30 days and a short diapause was observed in T. rogenhoferi and T. lactitarse in the cold-dry season. The allozyme analyses indicated that most of the nests show phenotypes according to a monoginy/monandry hypothesis. Although this result clearly suggest that the male-guard behavior confers him the paternity of the female offspring, some extra-pair matings were also observed.
O problema da fundamentação racional da moral e do direito em Kant
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-26)
Rauber, Gládis Maria
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Baioni, José Eduardo Marques
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9613180348313909
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0186348618076420
This study attempts to elucidate, in a first moment, the origin and the development of the moral problem in Kantian philosophy, from the Critique of Pure Reason to the Metaphysics of Morals, and the solution that Kant gave to it. Aiming to establish the Kantian rational groundwork of moral and right, this research turns, then, to the development of the main question that permeates throughout Kantian philosophy: How are a priori synthetic judgments possible? determining the conditions of possibility of such judgments in each one of the fields, the theoretical and the practical. Our goal is to elucidate that, although the right must not be confused with moral, demanding only legal conformity, that is, non-subjective adhesion of the actions to the law, it is subordinated to the moral in the measure that this right is based on a formal universalism of the supreme criterion of the morality, that is, the categorical imperative
Influência das condições de alimentação de glicerol e ornitina na produção de ácido clavulânico por Streptomyces clavuligerus
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-26)
Teodoro, Juliana Conceição
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Badino Júnior, Alberto Colli
The clavulanic acid (CA) is a powerful inhibitor of β-lactamases, enzymes that clives the β- lactam ring of penicillins and cephalosporins, inactivating these compounds. CA is traditionally produced by Streptomyces clavuligerus in batch and fed-batch cultivations. Considering that the products of the catabolism of easily assimilable carbon source repress the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, including CA, its production in fed-batch mode is preferable because the control of nutrient level can be performed. In the present work the influence of glycerol and ornithine feeding on the clavulanic acid (CA) production by S. clavuligerus in batch and fed-batch cultivations was studied. Batch and fed-batch cultivations were performed at 800 rpm, 0.5 vvm and pH at 6.8. In batch experiments under different concentrations of ornithine, the maximum concentration of CA was within of a closed range between 0.46 and 0.56 g.L-1. Nevertheless, the maximum value of volumetric productivity in CA (Ppmax=13.7 mg.L-1.h-1) was obtained in the experiment with ornithine at concentration of 0.66 g.L-1, a value that is 40% higher than the Ppmax obtained in run control without ornithine. In fed-batch experiments in 5 L bioreactor, with different ornithine feeding conditions, the maximum concentration of CA varied within the limited range of 1.254 and 1.405 g.L-1. Therefore, under these experimental conditions, it can be concluded that the presence of ornithine increases the Ppmax in CA but not its maximum concentration, contradicting literature. The kinetic model considering non-associated production with CA degradation was fitted to the experimental results of the batch and fed-batch cultivations. The experimental results showed that the rate of production of CA and glycerol consumption, were directly related, condition not predicted by model, besides, its negative effect on the AC production after the feeding indicate a possible inhibition/repression effect of glycerol. With the model, it was possible to simulate conditions that the cultivations should be performed with the intention of obtaining larger production of AC. With respect to the influence of glycerol in fed-batch experiments, in the presence of ornithine at the concentration of 3.7 g.L−1 in feeding medium, the maximum CA concentration of 1.506 g.L-1 was obtained in the run BA7 showing a positive effect of the combination ornithine/glycerol in the biosynthesis of CA. In fed-batch experiments in 10-L bioreactor, with different ornithine feeding conditions, the maximum concentrations of CA were near of 1.6 g.L-1, validating the results obtained in 5-L bioreactor.
Treinamento em circuito de exercícios resistidos em mulheres adultas sedentárias: aumento de massa magra e redução de massa gorda sem alteração em citocinas da resposta inflamatória
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-26)
Ferreira, Fabiano Candido
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Perez, Sergio Eduardo de Andrade
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9408953831211309
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2742278993363133
The exercise can elicit benefits or damage on the immunologic system responses, depending the variables intensity or volume which must be considered. In other hand, the protocols of resistance exercise have showed effectives to improve alterations in the body composition. Thus, it is very important evaluate protocols of resistance exercise that can increase the muscle mass with a decrease in fat mass without development a inflammatory state, specially if the subjects are not athletes. In this work, we have studied the effects from a protocol of exercise resistance in circuit on women, 39.71 ± 3.8 years old (Media ± Standard Error). The protocol was development with intensity and a volume sufficient to elicit alterations in body composition without important inflammatory responses even after acute sessions of effort or any cumulative effect during the all period of training. Thus, the protocol consisted of 3 week sessions of circuit training of 9 stations with alternate recruitment of different muscle groups during 10 weeks. The subjects had to perform 2 times the circuit in each session of training. Each station was realized one set of 8-12 maximal repetitions (RM) for time. The body composition was analyzed by DXA and the inflammatory effects by cytokines (IL1-beta; IL-6; IL-8; IL10, IL-12p70 e TNF) changes in serum. The blood samples were collected from the anticubital vein before the sessions of training; 5 min, 24h and 48h pos second session training; and 5 min, 24h, 48h and 96h pos the last session of period of training. The statistical data were analyzed by test t Student application in normal distribution and Wilcoxon test in not normal distribution. The samples of cytokines were compared by the Friedman test with Tuckey test pos hoc (α=0,05). The results showed a significant increased in the muscle mass and decrease in the fat mass. The serum concentrations of cytokines no showed alterations during all the experimental period, indicating any inflammatory effects from the protocol adopted.
O pêndulo entre a filosofia fundacionista e a cultura literária: uma interpretação da filosofia de Richard Rorty a partir da teoria poética de Harold Bloom
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-27)
Silva, Heraldo Aparecido
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Fonseca, Thelma Silveira da Mota Lessa da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1328012571835066
Importância da região AV3V e de mecanismos colinérgicos e angiotensinérgicos centrais para os efeitos cardiovasculares produzidos pela ativação da área rostroventrolateral do bulbo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-27)
Vieira, Alexandre Antonio
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Menani, José Vanderlei
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1023597870118105
Cardiovascular responses are integrated at different levels of the central nervous system (CNS). In the brainstem, there are different areas related to the cardiovascular control such as the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) that activates sympathetic pre-ganglionic neurons in the spinal cord (IML) inducing pressor response. Like glutamatergic activation, central cholinergic and angiotensinergic activation modulates sympathetic activity and increases arterial pressure. The RVLM receives inhibitory and excitatory projections from different areas of the central nervous system that are important to modulate cardiovascular responses. One of the areas that send projection to the RVLM is the anteroventral third ventricle (AV3V) region. AV3V lesion impairs many forms of hypertension and reduces pressor responses like those produced by central cholinergic and angiotensinergic activation. Recent study in unanesthetized rats has shown that the AV3V lesion attenuates the pressor response to glutamatergic activation into the RVLM. Besides glutamate, injections of angiotensin II (ANG II) or carbachol (cholinergic agonist) into the RVLM evoke increase in the sympathetic activity and blood pressure. For this reason, in the present study, we investigated the effects of acute (1 day) or chronic (15 days) AV3V lesions on pressor responses produced by ANG II (200 ng/100 nl) or carbachol (1 nmol/100 nl) into the RVLM. Male Holtzman rats (280 a 320 g) with sham or electrolytic AV3V lesions and a stainless steel cannula implanted into the RVLM were used. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded in unanesthetized rats that had polyethylene tubing (PE 10) implanted into the abdominal aorta through the femoral artery on day before the experiments. A second polyethylene tubing was inserted in the femoral vein for baroreflex and chemoreflex tests. Central injections were made using 5 ml Hamilton syringes. The volume of the central injections into the RVLM was 100 nl. The results have shown that both acute and chronic AV3V lesion attenuate the pressor responses to ANG II (12 ± 3 and 12 ± 5 vs. control: 26 ± 4 mmHg) but not the pressor responses to carbachol (38 ± 4 and 29 ± 3 vs. control: 34 ± 4 mmHg) suggesting that some mechanisms belonging to the RVLM are affected and other are not affected by AV3V lesions. Besides, AV3V lesion does not alter baro and chemoreflex responses produced by endovenous (i.v) injections of phenylephrine, sodium nitroprusside and potassium cyanide. After these results, another question arose: which would be the possible mechanisms impaired by the AV3V lesion that attenuate the pressor responses to RVLM activation? The AV3V region is important for the activation of pressor mechanism like sympathetic activity and vasopressin secretion produced by central cholinergic and angiotensinergic activation. Therefore, the pressor response to glutamate into the RVLM was tested in rats with central cholinergic blockade produced by the injection of atropine (4 nmol/1 ml) or angiotensinergic blockade produced by injection of losartan (100 mg/1 ml) or ZD 7155 (50 mg/1 ml) into the lateral ventricle (LV). Male Holtzman rats with stainless steel cannula implanted into the LV and unilaterally into the RVLM were used. MAP and HR were recorded in unanesthetized rats with polyetylene tubing inserted into the abdominal aorta through the femoral artery and vein. The volume of the central injections into the LV was 1 ml. The results showed that the pressor response to glutamate injected into the RVLM (51 ± 4 mmHg) in control condition was attenuated after injection of atropine (36 ± 5 mmHg), losartan (22 ± 5 mmHg) or ZD 7155 (26 ± 7 mmHg) into the LV. However, a question that remained was about the possible spreading of these antagonists into the brain blocking the receptors directly into the RVLM. For this reason, we tested the pressor responses to glutamate into the RVLM after cholinergic or angiotensinergic blockade into the own RVLM. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) were recorded in unanesthetized rats with cannula only into the RVLM and polyethylene tubing implanted into the abdominal aorta through the femoral artery. The results showed that atropine (4 nmol/100 nl) injected into the RVLM did not alter the pressor response to glutamate into the same site (49± 4 vs. control: 50 ± 4 mmHg). So, only cholinergic mechanisms belonging to forebrain or areas outside the RVLM are important for the pressor response to glutamate into the RVLM. However, the pressor response to glutamate into the RVLM was almost abolished and attenuated after injection of the losartan (5 ± 3 mmHg) or ZD 7155 (33 ± 4 mmHg), respectively, into the RVLM, which did not solve the question about the possible spread of losartan or ZD 7155. With the same purpose we tested the pressor response to ANG II into the RVLM after losartan or ZD 7155 into the LV. In this experiment, the pressor response to ANG II into the RVLM in control condition (26 ± 3 mmHg) was not impaired after losartan or ZD 7155 into the LV (20 ± 3 e 23 ± 1 mmHg, respectively) suggesting that these antagonists injected into the LV do not reach the RVLM. Therefore, angiotensinergic mechanisms belonging in the RVLM or from outside the RVLM (probably forebrain) are important for the pressor response to glutamate into the RVLM. However, it is important to consider that AV3V lesion reduces the pressor response to ANG II into the RVLM, while icv injection of the angiotensinergic antagonists showed no effect in this response, which suggests that the effects of AV3V lesion reducing the pressor response to ANG II into the RVLM are not related to any impairment of forebrain angiotensinergic mechanisms by the lesion. Another aim was to study if glutamatergic receptor activation in the RVLM was necessary for the pressor response to central cholinergic or angiotensinergic activation. For this, male Holtzman rats with stainless steel cannulas implanted into the LV and bilaterally into the RVLM were used. The results showed no difference between the cardiovascular responses produced by carbachol into the LV after kynurenic acid (1 nmol/100 nl) bilaterally into the RVLM (36 ± 1 mmHg and 22 ± 10 bpm) when compared with control condition (39 ± 2 mmHg and 23 ± 14 bpm). Also, there was not difference between the cardiovascular responses produced by ANG II into the LV after kynurenic acid (1 nmol/100 nl) into the RVLM (28 ± 3 mmHg and 10 ± 13 bpm) when compared with control condition (26 ± 2 mmHg and -12 ± 5 bpm). This dose of kynurenic acid almost abolished the pressor response to glutamate (2 nmol/100 nl) injected into the RVLM but not the cardiovascular reflexes produced by baro and chemoreflex activation. Therefore, the pressor response to forebrain cholinergic or angiotensinergic activation does not depend on glutamatergic synapses in the RVLM. Besides, the results also showed that the pressor response to chemoreflex activation does not depend on release of glutamate into the RVLM
Técnicas computacionais inteligentes para a inferência de estado e a otimização de cultivos de Streptococcus pneumoniae
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-27)
Horta, Antonio Carlos Luperni
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Zangirolami, Teresa Cristina
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4546701843297248
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5923938048634505
Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococo) is a pathogenic bacterium that causes several infections which are aggravated by the increase of serotypes with antibiotics resistance. The development of an effective vaccine against this pathogen is crucial for the prevention of the neumococcal illnesses. Conjugated vaccines, consisting of the capsular polysaccharide joined to a carrier protein, are more efficient in the stimulation of the immunologic memory. The capsular polysaccharide (PS) is present in the capsule that involves the cell. Thus, the conjugated vaccine elaboration involves bacterial cells cultivation for its production. As the organism is cultivated in the oxygen absence, the lactate production is inevitably high, leading to growth inhibition due to lactate accumulation in the medium. To minimize the inhibitory effects of the lactate accumulation and to increase the PS production it is necessary to monitor the process and adequately control the addition of supplementary medium along with the withdrawal of saturated medium. This kind of operation can be performed by carrying out a fed-bath cultivation in a bioreactor connected to a perfusion system. The success on the monitoring, control and optimization of this bioprocess depends on the efficiency of the modeling and simulation resources employed. This research work considers the uses intelligent computational techniques, specifically the technique of heuristical search called simulated annealing (SA) combined with neural networks for the state inference and the optimization of S. pneumoniae cultivations. The proposal was implemented as a computational system that: a) uses the SA for the identification of the values for a set of parameters associated to unstructured models and; b) uses neural networks (individually and grouped as a committee) for the state inference of a culture. The work presents and discusses the results of the system for data sets experimentally obtained and highlights the importance of the proposal for achieving a higher efficiency in the culture control processes.
Engenharia de hamiltonianos e aplicações em teoria da informação quântica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-28)
Moraes Neto, Gentil Dias de
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Moussa, Miled Hassan Youssef
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7828776012924524
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8559537379711116
Assentamentos rurais : o campo das sociabilidades em transformação. O caso dos assentados do Nova Pontal
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-28)
Ramiro, Patrícia Alves
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Mancuso, Maria Inês Rauter
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7155476977488017
The present work intends to contribute for quarrel on the agrarian reform adopting as bias the interpretation of the process of construction of the social identity generated by the adoption of new forms of sociability in the agricultural way, created for the possibility of permanence or return to the field through the implantation of rurals projects of settlements. In the field of the agricultural sociability, we look for to detect which the values gifts in the ideal and real actions of these people who pass, after conquest of a land piece, to coexist daily in one same space and presenciam difficulties and similar initial chances, even so have particular histories of life. Therefore, nor the Brazilian agricultural settlement origin and nor the profile of the seated population are similar, have distinctions not only enter the different projects of settlements, but also in the internal profile of one exactly settlement and, in this way, the perceptions that after construct the conquest of the land expresses this multiplicity of inserted social citizens in the program of agrarian reform. The methodology adopted for the understanding of the process of construction of these new identities appeared through the agricultural settlements is the concept-type of Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft (community and society) formulated by Ferdinand Tönnies, whose complementary and contradictory nature allows in them to analyze the different forms of social organization, as the moment and the movement of the wills that characterize these two concepts central offices. The interpretation of the native categories that give sensible to the Inter life and inner life of the seated ones if of the one through the understanding of the values (dialectic component of the social nature of the human being) that, however attracts, however moves away people ones from the others. On the basis of the carried through empirical research in the project of settlement New Pontal, located in the city of Rosana, in the region of the Pontal of the Paranapanema, we could, saw study of the predominant sociabilities, to delineate the concept of agricultural society as modeller of the style of predominant life in the agricultural area (re) constructed by the agrarian reform.
A gênese do método reflexivo em Maine de Biran
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-28)
Doppenschmitt, Marcelo Souza Koch Vaz
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Marques, Silene Torres
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4822141288006918
Ce mémoire a l objectif de circonscrire la genèse de la méthode réflexive chez Maine de Biran. Dans ce but on délimite la période de 1794 à 1804 qui embrasse depuis les textes de jeunesse, en passant par son premier ouvrage publié L influence de l habitude sur la faculté de penser, l article Rapports de l idéologie et des mathématiques (1803) et débauche sur La décomposition de la pensée (1804), ouvrage dans lequel pour la première fois Biran définit la méthode réflexive qui inaugurerait la doctrine biranienne proprement dite. Dès lors, on porte d abord sur quelques thèmes de jeunesse, notamment le besoin de se constituer une morale sensitive et des questions concernant la notion de cause en physique ; dans la suite, on analyse le contexte historique du projet d établissement d une science de l homme et ses insuffisances accusées par Biran qui aurait dévoilé au moyen de l analyse de l habitude les deux classes de facultés ― passives et actives ― constituant l homme ; on examine finalement comment ces deux classes de faits exigent également deux méthodes distinctes, la méthode réflexive ayant lieu avec la méthode expérimentale dans la composition d une science de l homme.
Estudo das condições de cultivo e de eletrocompetência para a transformação de Bacillus megaterium ATCC 14945
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-28)
Fonseca, Débora Faria
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Giordano, Raquel de Lima Camargo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9695542424889786
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4391984425065363
The Gram-positive genus Bacillus is of great biotechnological importance. Their ability to secrete enzymes efficiently during fermentation is exploited for the production of extracellular enzymes such as penicillin G acylase (PGA). Bacillus megaterium has proven to be an excellent alternative host to Escherichia coli for heterologous gene expression. Unlike other bacilli strains, proteolytic degradation by alkaline proteases is avoided. In addition, there are no endotoxins found in the cell wall. As a result, protein yields are exceptionally high even if inexpensive substrates are used. In this work, the growth conditions of B. megaterium ATCC 14945 and its preparation for transformation by electroporation with plasmid DNA had been studied. Vegetative cells and protoplasts of B. megaterium had been used. Plasmid DNAs (pET- 32, pETduet-1, pBR322 and pHis 1522) were prepared from E. coli strains DH5α and BL21. Bacteria cultures were growth in Luria-Bertani (LB) broth, Nutrient or LBS (LB containing 0,5 M sorbitol) medium. It had been used the following Electroporation Media: 25% PEG 6000/0.1 M Sorbitol (Moro et al., 1995), 0.625 M Sacarose/1.0 mM MgCl2, pH 5.5 (Dunny et al., 1991), HEPES 10 mM, pH 7.0 (Belliveau & Trevors, 1989) and SMG (0.5 M sorbitol, 0.5 M manitol and 10% glicerol) (Xue et al., 1999). As Recovery Media after electric pulses, LB and LBSM (LB containing 0,5 M sorbitol and 0.38 M manitol) had been used. Extractions of genomic DNA of B. megaterium and plasmid DNA of E. coli had been carried through. The Colonies Forming Units method (CFU) was applied in order to analyze the B. megaterium viability before and after treatment with Electroporation Media. The biomass produced (Cx) was analyzed spectrophotometrically and by the Dry Mass method. The morphology and pureness of B. megaterium cultures had been studied by optic microscopy preparations and B. megaterium growth in liquid selective media. The best electric conditions for electroporation had been established by preliminary tests. B. megaterium transformations was performed according to protocols described by Moro et al. (1995), Dunny et al. (1991), Belliveau & Trevors (1989), Xue et al. (1999) and Romero et al. (2006). The B. megaterium growth curves in LB, Nutrient and LBS had allowed the identification of growth phases of cultures and the respective electric conditions adjustment for electroporation protocols. The cellular concentration (dry mass) found for 16 hours of culture in Nutrient, LB and LBS medium had been 1.900 g/L, 2.649 g/L and 2.320 g/L, respectively. The viable cells concentration analyses (UFC) had allowed the adjustment of plasmid DNA concentrations employed and transformation efficiencies calculation. It had been found the following cellular densities of B. megaterium grown in Nutrient, LB and LBS medium respectively after PEG/Sorbitol Electroporation Medium treatment: 8.8 x 108; 9,2 x 108 and 2.3 x 109 UFC/mL. For Sacarose/MgCl2, it had been found 2,8 x 107; 4.6 x 108 and 3.7 x 108 UFC/mL and for HEPES 5.6 x 108; 2.93 x 109 and 1.86 x 108. For SMG, it had been found 1,7 x 109; 9.4 x 109 and 1.1 x 1010 UFC/mL for Nutrient, LB and LBS medium, respectively.
A argumentação e a mudança de prenome de transexual na jurisprudência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-28)
Fernandes, Fátima Catarina
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Silva, Soeli Maria Schreiber da
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8794598988783452
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3784663514554344
From the perspective of the Semântica do Acontecimento (Semantics of the Events) and the French Discourse Analysis, which the firs theoretical field dialogues with, we have studied the way the argument ( argumentação ) for changing a transsexual s first name is built through the speaker-petitioner s own words, as well as through the argument and the designations used by the speaker-judge in order to authorize the alteration of a transsexual s first name. In the legal process, proceeded in the enunciation space of São Carlos, state of São Paulo, the petitioner transsexual Agnaldo requests the modification of his masculine first name into the feminine name Ângela. For that study we have adopted the concepts of designação (designation) reescritura (re-writing), cena enunciativa (enunciation scene), politico (politician) and argumentação (argument). Through the analysis of the corpus we could understand how the process of conception of the transsexual s own identity takes place, and how the process of social inclusion of the transsexual subject occurs (the politician being considered) for the subject, once socially excluded, is now included for the modification of the first name sentenced by the judge. There is always the liaison between the social and the politician (político), once the social recognition needs to be legally legitimated so that it can politically happen: the Constitution guarantees the political in the social perspective. Thus, in the political instance, the fragmentation takes place because the speaker-petitioner needs a place of belonging (recognition) and this place (recognizing himself as a subject being a woman ) is legitimated in the juridical discourse. Then, we understand how the process of social identification, connected with the scientific discourse, which has its own crystallized place, may contribute to the alteration of the transsexual s first name in the argumentation of the speaker-judge. Consequently, we can claim that the event and the litigation make the speaker-petitioner s speech move into the memorable (memorável) of the social environment, of the esthetical perspective and of the psychological constitution in order to change the name and that inserts him in the identity of a transsexual. And under the perspective of a liberal subject position, the speaker-judge sentenced favorably for the legitimating of the first name Ângela, who the speaker-petitioner has semantically a new body. This substitution of the official first name by the real one consolidated a new jurisprudence.
Os consórcios de produtores rurais no complexo agroindustrial citrícola paulista: das gatoperativas aos gatosórcios- a velha forma de contratação de mão-de-obra rural
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-28)
Barbosa, Gabriela da Rocha
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Alves, Francisco José da Costa
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9183120186518337
Since the 90 s, following the world productive restructuring trend, the industries of concentrate orange juice from the citrus agribusiness complex in São Paulo state refuse to be responsible for hiring people to work in the orange crop and, in this manner, new forms of recruiting workers are arising. Thus, the present work is intended for verifying if a new class of hiring named Rural Producers Partnership serves its purpose of directly hire orange pickers thus guaranteeing the formalization of the job as well as serving all work legislation required by the formalization. The partnerships were created as an alternative to rural work co-ops whose activities were interrupted by the Brazilian Department of Labor in 1999. The "gatoperativas ", as they were known, promoted a growing instability in rural work conditions when depriving workers from their major achievements, that is, their direct labor contract and labor rights. Since these activities were repressed, the partnerships have been a solution to the end of the intermediary manpower promoted by the recruitment agents. In this work it is also concluded that the partnerships are dominated by these agents, and their work relations are not organized by the producers, thus jeopardizing the work activity.
Avaliação do papel dos receptores 5-ht2 da substância cinzenta periaquedutal de camundongos submetidos ao labirinto em cruz elevado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-28)
Souza, Vanessa Nunes de
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Souza, Azair Liane Matos do Canto de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2352004564367849
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8438045901614166
It is widely acknowledged that the indoleamine neurotransmitter serotonin (5-HT) plays a dual role in the regulation of anxiety, a role that in part depends upon neuroanatomical locus of action. Thus, whereas stimulation of 5-HT1A or 5-HT2 receptors in the limbic forebrain (amygdala, hippocampus) enhances anxiety-like responding in rodents, activation of corresponding receptor populations in the midbrain periaqueductal grey (PAG) more often than not reduces anxiety-like behavior. The present study specifically concerns the anxietymodulating influence of 5-HT2 receptors within the mouse PAG. Experiment 1 assessed the effects of intra-PAG infusions of the 5-HT2B/2C receptor agonist mCPP (0, 0.03, 0.1 or 0.3 nmol/0.1 µl) on the behavior of mice exposed to the elevated plus-maze. Experiment 2 assessed the effects of intra-PAG infusions of the preferential 5-HT2A/2C receptor antagonist ketanserin (0 or 10 nmol/0.1 µl), on the behaviour of mice exposed to the elevated plus-maze. As mCPP acts preferentially at 5-HT2B and 5-HT2C receptors, Experiment 3 investigated its effects in animals pretreated with ketanserin. The test sessions were videotaped and subsequently scored for anxiety-like behaviour (e.g. percentage of open arm entries and percentage of open arm time) as well as general locomotor activity (closed arm entries). The results of Experiment 1 showed that mCPP microinfusions (0.03 and 0.1 nmol) into the PAG of mice decreased behavioural indices of anxiety without significantly altering general activity measures. Results of experiment 2 showed that intra-PAG infusions of ketanserin (10 nmol) did not alter conventional indices of anxiety, nor locomotor activity. In Experiment 3, the anxiolytic-like profile of intra-PAG mCPP (0.03 nmol) was substantially attenuated by intra-PAG pretreatment with an intrinsically-inactive dose of the preferential 5-HT2A/2C receptor antagonist, ketanserin (10 nmol). Together, these data suggest that 5HT2C receptor populations within the midbrain PAG play an inhibitory role in plus-maze anxiety in mice.
Desenvolvimento de métodos cromatográficos para o controle de qualidade e para a análise de resíduos em leite bovino de medicamentos veterinários
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-28)
Pietro, Angela Cavallini de
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Cass, Quezia Bezerra
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9197210255594409
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6265781267469317
This work reports the investigation of a series of bovine serum albumin (BSA) restricted access media columns (RAM) for on-line milk samples deproteinization using water, phosphate and acetate buffer as mobile phase. The retention factor (k) of aminoglycosides antibiotics (streptomycin, neomycin and gentamycin) on the RAM columns was evaluated using buffers and ion pair chromatography. The results showed a wide variation on aminoglicosides antibiotics retentions time; a RAM-ADS column was also investigated and the same results was observed. During the RAM columns studies, an investigation of two analytical columns, C18 and phenyl (Hyperil 15 x 0,46 cm i.d.), were performed using ion pair chromatography. Perfluorinated acids (TFA, HFBA and PFPA) were evaluated as moblile phase and the detection was accomplished by an evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD). This study allowed the development of analytical methods for quality control of gentamycin, neomycin and streptomycin in veterinary pharmaceutical formulations. The developed methods showed good selectivity, sensibility, accuracy and precision for all compounds allowing it to be successfully used to commercials phormulation. This works also presents a study for on line determination of cephalosporinic antibiotics in bovine milk by multidimentional chromatography using RAM-BSA column for sample clean-up. The chromatographic conditions optimzed for these compounds were not adequate for the MS/MS quantification due to suppression and/or enhancement of compound s ionization. Still a sensitive and enantioselective multidimensional high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for determination of albendazole metabolites: albendazole sulphoxide, albendazole sulphone and albendazole 2-aminesulphone in bovine milk was development and validated at this work. The compounds, (±)-albendazole sulphoxide, albendazole sulphone and 2-aminesulphone were extracted from bovine milk using a octyl restricted access media bovine serum albumin column (C8-RAM-BSA) (5.0 x 0.46 cm i.d.) and analyzed on a chiral column containing amylose tris(3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) coated onto APS-Nucleosil support, as stationary phase (15.0 x 0.46 cm i.d.). The validated method showed linearity, precision, accuracy and adequate sensitivity, allowing it to be appropriate for pharmacokinetics studies and residual limits control. A matrix effect study was conducted to investigated its influence on the LC-MS method development.
Efeitos do treinamento de musculação em circuito sobre a aptidão cardiorrespiratória e citocinas plasmáticas IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF, IL-1β e IL-12p70 em mulheres saudáveis
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-28)
Nicioli, Cristiane
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Perez, Sergio Eduardo de Andrade
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9408953831211309
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6327103712533661
There are evidences demonstrating that long-term aerobic exercises boost the plasmatic cytokines concentrations. However, there are few researches that deal with that relation in short-term and high intensity ones. This study aims at verifying the effects of strength training in circuit over the cardiorespiratory competence response and also over the plasmatic cytokines IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1β, IL-12p70 and TNF, by acute application of both tests, incremental and 35 minutes with Ventilatory Threshold (WVT) and maximum (IVO2peak) intensities. The research included 14 women, 40,23 (3,9) mean age, 164 (6,6) cm and 57,84 (7,7) kg. They did a single cycle exercise test with two stations, 30 minutes on WVT and 5 minutes on IVO2peak, just before and after strength training in circuit. The blood samples were taken at the rest time, immediately after the first and the second exercise stations for plasma cytokines analysis: interleukin 8 (IL-8), interleukin 10 (IL-10), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 12p70 (IL-12p70), interleukin 1β (IL-1 β) and tumoral necrosis factor (TNF). The cycle incremental test was conducted to verify the peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) and the loads corresponding to the WVT and to the exhaustion. The analysis verified there are no changes in plasmatic cytokines when comparing the pre and post strength training in circuit, however, after the acute phase of the 5 minutes station in IVO2peak, there were increasing on IL- 6 during both pre [1,81 (1,36-5,05) vs. 3,09 (1,49-8,95) pg.mL-1; P=0,038] and post-training [1,62 (1,38-3,05) vs. 2,42 (1,46-5,71) pg.mL-1; P=0,021]. There were also improvement in the volunteer load [125 (100 150) vs. 150 (100-175) W; P=0,017] at the end of the intervention period. Hence, we conclude that the expression of IL-6 in plasma is protocoldependent and that the strength training in circuit does not trigger an inflammatory state, keeping the baseline concentrations of plasma cytokines unchanged. Keywords: Strength training in circuit. Cytokines. Acute phase. Ergometric cycle.
Elaboração e avaliação de um programa de intervenção psicopedagógico para orientação de pais de crianças com dificuldades de aprendizagem PPOP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-31)
Rolfsen, Andréia Bevilacqua
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Martinez, Claudia Maria Simões
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5507596507686418
Admission at the elementary school is an important moment in the process of education. Literature has shown that to guide the family in this process, using resources from the family environment, may be fundamental in preventing school problems. In that context, this work implemented and evaluated a proposal of intervention in the form of a Programa Psicopedagógico de Orientação a Pais (PPOP) - Psychopedagogical Program of Parents Orientation -, for the parents and relatives responsible for children with learning disabilities included in the early years of elementary grades of regular public school and were attended by the itinerant service of special education, in order to provide strategies for monitoring and stimulation of their children in that stage of education. The study was developed as the ethical aspects of researches that involve human beings. The first stage of the research (Program s elaboration) tested the PPOP and the instruments in an experimental situation, whose analysis showed that the Program was able to be implemented on a larger scale and was satisfactory as the form and content, from the reports of the participants. The used instruments also were sensitive to the demand for collection. On the second stage, the implementation of the Program, participated in this research eleven parents of students who were on the early years at public elementary school and their respective children, which composed two groups experimental and control). It is relevant to mention that the content approached in the program is based on the book Como ajudar seu filho na escola ( How to help your child in school ). Besides the PPOP, the instruments used to collect data were: Home Environment Resources Scale - HERS, Roadmap, interviews with parents, Brazil s Criterion of Economic Classification, School Achievement Test, Roadmap " Situations and the Evaluation Questionnaire Course. The evaluation of the program found the effectiveness of it, from the assessment of all the steps and comparison of results of pre - and post-tests. The results allowed to assert the need for continuation of activities of that nature. The results allowed to assert the need for continuation of activities of that nature. The results showed: a) interest of mothers receive support in situations where information about the "do not know how to deal with the child" b) an increase in the repertoire of mothers of educational practices appropriate c) implementation of positive strategies on a daily basis with the children in the short term; d) the relevance of programs of this nature with parents of children with learning disability. In future studies it is suggested investment in training of ducators to use the POPP and development of strategies that extend the benefits of the program to more families.
Educação de jovens e adultos no interior da Bahia : programa REAJA
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-03-31)
Sales, Sheila Cristina Furtado
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Mello, Roseli Rodrigues de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8516632434801612
This paper has as objective analyze REAJA Rethinking the Education of Teenagers, Young People and Adults, implanted in 1997 in the city of Vitória da Conquista BA, to identify its trajectory since its creation until nowadays. It s interesting to notice that REAJA was introduced to help the initial education of teenagers, young people and adults that didn t have the opportunity to finish their studies in childhood or teens. Trying to contextualize REAJA as a public policy, it was chosen to contextualize the education of young people and adults in Brazil, in Bahia and in the city of Vitória da Conquista, besides characterizing the studied scenery in a demographic and socioeconomic way. It was detached the legislation that guides EJA in Federal and Municipal levels. The investigation process was made by analyzes of documentation collected in the Municipal Secretary of Education in Vitória da Conquista BA, observation at schools, interviews with ex-coordinators of the Programme, SMED´s representative and with teachers that work at REAJA since it was created. Some questionnaires were applied and some data could be collected with students and teachers that work with education to young people and adults in municipal and state public net. Analyzing collected dates, it was a priority to identify positive and negative points of REAJA and the consequences of its trajectory in teaching. Many things were told about teacher s and student s expectation, besides objective and subjective questions of teaching work. Rates about enrolment, pass, recur and truancy and student s profile were collected and discussed. It was noticed that REAJA passed, during its existence for three major levels and each one has its specifications following the expectation of the leading that was in charge of SMED and coordinating the Programme.
Efeito de um programa de treinamento de musculação em circuito sobre a ação aguda do exercício resistido realizado até a exaustão nos níveis das citocinas plasmáticas IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1β, TNF-α e IL-12p70
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-04-01)
Nunes, João Elias Dias
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Perez, Sergio Eduardo de Andrade
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9408953831211309
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3813905133203137
Introduction: Several investigations have been proposing signaling and immune functions for the cytokines accomplishment of aerobic exercises. However few studies have been related the effect of the exercise resisted with cytokines. Purpose: to evaluate the effect of a resistance training in circuit about the sharp action of the resistance exercise until the exhaustion in the levels of the plasmatic cytokines IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-1, TNF and IL- 12p70. Methods: 14 untrained women (39,8 ± 3,9 years), (60,6 ± 6,6 kg) and (163,6 ± 6,6 cm) accomplished two Fatigue Test (FT) in the exercises Leg Press 45º (LP) and Bench Press (BP), these tests consisted of 3 sets with 50% of 1-RM related until the exhaustion with 1 minute of interval among the sets, before and after 10 weeks of resistance training in circuit. Before and 5 minutes after FT samples of blood were obtained for analysis of the plasmatic levels of the cytokines: interleukin 8 (IL-8), interleukin 10 (IL-10), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 12p70 (IL-12p70), interleukin 1 (IL-1) and factor of necrosis tumoral (TNF). Results: The plasmatic concentration of IL-8 for the LP before and after FT in the periods pre and post-training were of (4.38 ± 2.62 and 5.73 ± 0.97 pg/ml) and (6.36 ± 1.35 and 6.47 ± 2.08 pg/ml), respectively. Moreover for the BP (3.68 ± 3.91 and 9.00 ± 2.57 pg/ml) and (5.71 ± 2.21 and 7.06 ± 2.26 pg/ml), not found significant differences among before and after FT, as well as, for pre and post-training for IL-8 in both exercises. The other cytokines did not reach the certain minimum limit of detection for the used kit. Conclusion: Resistance exercise until the exhaustion not provoke enough stress to alter the cytokinemia, before or after 10 weeks of resistance training in circuit. Words Key: CYTOKINES, RESISTANCE EXERCISE, IL-8, STRESS, FATIGUE TEST, EXHAUSTION.
A percepção pública da informação sobre os potenciais riscos dos transgênicos na cadeia alimentar
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-04)
Furnival, Ariadne Chloe Mary
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Pinheiro, Sonia Maria
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1291482506649810
No atual contexto da introdução dos transgênicos na cadeia alimentar brasileira, apresentamos os resultados de estudo que empregou o método qualitativo de grupos focais para levantar as interpretações do público em relação à informação disponível sobre essa inovação biotecnológica. A utilização desse método permitiu gerar resultados que revelaram as relações construídas pelos participantes da pesquisa entre essa modalidade da biotecnologia, as mudanças no meio ambiente e a produção de alimentos em geral. Os resultados apontam particularmente para o modo como os participantes identificaram a falta de informação compreensível, tanto na mídia de massa quanto nos rótulos de produtos, como principal fonte dos seus sentimentos de desconfiança em relação aos transgênicos.