Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2008-05-26"

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ADeSCoU: uma abordagem para o desenvolvimento de software para computação ubíqua
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-05-26)
Santana, Luiz Henrique Zambom
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Prado, Antonio Francisco do
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2668568143800755
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8021802849008112
This dissertation presents an approach to the software development in the Ubiquitous Computing, which instantiates the Rational Unified Process (RUP), based on Ontologies, Semantic Web Services, and Software Agents. Ontologies are employed to improve the description of the use context, enabling the applications to be context-aware. Semantic Web Services are used as software components distributed over the Internet, and are composed to perform complex tasks. Software Agents manages the applications using the Ontologies and the Semantic Web Services. A framework, called UBICK, was built to facilitate the design and the implementation of ubiquitous applications, based on components reuse. A case study illustrates the use of this approach in order to develop an Electronic Reflexive Portfolio in the medical education domain.
Gerenciamento de anotações de biosseqüências utilizando associações entre ontologias e esquemas XML
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-05-26)
Teixeira, Marcus Vinícius Carneiro
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Ciferri, Ricardo Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8382221522817502
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4382033348580377
Bioinformatics aims at providing computational tools to the development of genome researches. Among those tools are the annotations systems and the Database Management Systems (DBMS) that, associated to ontologies, allow the formalization of both domain conceptual and the data scheme. The data yielded by genome researches are often textual and with no regular structures and also requires scheme evolution. Due to these aspects, semi-structured DBMS might offer great potential to manipulate those data. Thus, this work presents architecture for biosequence annotation based on XML databases. Considering this architecture, a special attention was given to the database design and also to the manual annotation task performed by researchers. Hence, this architecture presents an interface that uses an ontology-driven model for XML schemas modeling and generation, and also a manual annotation interface prototype that uses molecular biology domain ontologies, such as Gene Ontology and Sequence Ontology. These interfaces were proven by Bioinformatics and Database experienced users, who answered questionnaires to evaluate them. The answers presented good assessments to issues like utility and speeding up the database design. The proposed architecture aims at extending and improving the Bio-TIM, an annotation system developed by the Database Group from the Computer Science Department of the Federal University from São Carlos (UFSCar).
Aprendizado semi-supervisionado e não supervisionado para análise de dados de expressão gênica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-05-27)
Assao, Fabiana Mari
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Camargo, Heloisa de Arruda
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0487231065057783
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3998840368387781
Data clustering has been seen, in the last decades, as an important tool for gene expression data analysis. In recent years, due to the progress in gene annotation research, a growing interest has been noticed for the semi-supervised clustering techniques, which use knowledge previously available about some gene functions to discover functions of other genes by means of clustering. This work investigates non-supervised and semi-supervised clustering algorithms applied to gene expression data. The goal is to perform an inspection on strengths and weaknesses of the use of such clustering methods and, based on these findings, to provide ways of obtaining results significant to biology. Algorithms with different characteristics were implemented and tested, with the objective of verifying evidences of eventual gains with the partial labeling, as compared to the non-supervised techniques. The experiments considered data sets from the gene expression domain as well as more generic domains. The obtained results were evaluated with validation measures usually applied in similar contexts. The analysis developed, though, emphasize the important role of computational techniques in biological data analysis, by accelerating the process of deriving results and conclusions, to better understand gene functions and structures. The results of this stydy justify the large investiment in the research of behavior of semi-supervised techniques in gene expression data, as we shall see.
Estudo de propriedades de filmes de óxidos anódicos crescidos em diferentes eletrólitos ácidos sobre o biomaterial Ti-50Zr at.%
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-05-27)
Ferreira, Elivelton Alves
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Rocha Filho, Romeu Cardozo
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5200717413563550
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9791486511562981
Studies on the influence of the nature of the growth electrolyte on the properties of oxide films grown on the Ti-50Zr at.% alloy were carried out. The results obtained through the different measurements done (chronoamperometry, open circuit potentials, and reconstruction rates) showed that phosphate incorporation into the matrix of oxide films grown in H3PO4 make them unstable, bringing a greater dissolution compared to the ones grown in CH3SO3H, H2SO4, and HNO3. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements showed that the phosphate incorporation into the oxide films grown on the Ti-50Zr at.% alloy by different methods and thickenesses lead to high values of electrical resistance when compared with the ones of films grown in CH3SO3H, H2SO4, and HNO3. The nature of the growth electrolyte was observed to also affect the semiconducting properties of the different oxide films grown on the alloy, leading to different voltammetric profiles of these films when illuminated with radiation of energy greater than that of the band gap. The studies on the effect of the exchange of the electrolyte solution in the galvanostatic growth of anodic films in two steps showed that the breakdown potentials are dependent on the nature of the electrolyte. On the other hand, these measurements also revealed that the initial electrical breakdown of the film or the nature of the electrolyte in which it was initially grown do not alter the film growth kinetics during the second step, carried out in another electrolyte.
Web-semp: método de elicitação, modelagem e planejamento para aplicações web
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-05-28)
Zaniro, Dênis Leonardo
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Fabbri, Sandra Camargo Pinto Ferraz
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2204086299921323
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/0800017967297543
Web applications differ from traditional applications in several significant ways, affecting the Requirements Engineering for Web (WebRE). The most WebRE methods proposed in the scientific literature are used in isolation and don t merge some of all practices and principles of Software Engineering. Besides, there aren t guidelines to tie up requirements specifications with conceptual design models and, at the same time, to support the construction of expressive models in such a way that they allow the metric application in the planning phase. Goal: based on this context, the goal of this work was to define a method, named Web-SEMP Web System Elicitation, Modeling and Planning proposed to help the elicitation, modeling and planning activities for Web applications. The proposed method defines both an approach to elaborate a conceptual model based on requirements, and a metric, named WHP Web Hypermedia Points to evaluate the size of Web applications. Method: the most quoted methods in the literature were analyzed aiming to reuse and to extend them to compose the method here proposed. From literature, the proposed method adopts both the AWARE and WebML techniques for elicitation and modeling activities, respectively, and the Use Case Points method for planning activity. Results: The Web- SEMP method was applied in the real development of a Web application and the results give insights of its contribution to conduct the WebRE process in a more systematic way. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the WHP metric, it was applied in some implemented Web sites and the obtained results reflected, in proportional terms, the hours spent to develop them. Conclusions: According to the results, it could be observed that the Web-SEMP method enables to improve the quality of WebRE, and the WHP metric represents a first step towards more precise effort and cost estimation models.
Modelo de controle de acesso adaptativo
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-05-30)
Cereda, Paulo Roberto Massa
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Zorzo, Sérgio Donizetti
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2523715806470871
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9779052569284359
Privacy has become an important aspect when modeling computational systems that have personal information and actions that deal with them. Control access models are used to provide security of such information. Some of these models, altough, are just applied to specific domains. It is proposed an access control model simple yet generic enough to comply with the security and privacy aspects of a system. The proposed model uses an adaptive automaton to perform the access control, and has a set of privacy commands, coded from a legislation or policy. These commands verify if a certain action in the systen may be characterized as a privacy violation. Moreover, the model may be used with auditing mechanisms to register actions in the system and guarantee the privacy.
Desenvolvimento e caracterização de blendas PHBV/Ecoflex® e suas modificações com amidos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-05-30)
Pellicano, Marilia
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Agnelli, José Augusto Marcondes
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/7592090152400440
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2276555632135378
Plastics materials produced from petrochemicals are widely used due to their versatility, mechanical properties and low cost, but they cause environmental impact as a consequence of the accumulation of great amount of these conventional synthetic polymers. The problems caused by the waste disposal of these petrochemicals plastics impel the development, production and application of biodegradable polymers, however these polymers have high costs and nonsuitable mechanical and physical properties. Therefore, a study of polymeric blends and systems made of poly(hydroxyburyrate-co-valerate) PHBV, poly(butylyneadiapate-therefhtalate) Ecoflex® and corn starch, waxy corn starch and manioc starch has been done. These polymeric blends and systems were evaluated using the Melt Flow Index (MFI), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetry (TG), Heat Deflection Temperature (HDT), Mechanical Tensile and Impact tests, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and biodegradation test. The results obtained indicate transesterification reactions verified by DSC and TGA, lack of adhesion between corn starch and PHBV as indicate by mechanical tests and SEM, disagreement between the values obtained in this study and the values indicated by the manufacturer concern to the Ecoflex® and good biodegradation results. This study therefore indicates that it is possible to obtain materials viable for short-term applications, with adequate physical and mechanical properties and biodegradation.
Associação de bactérias à cápsula de Anabaena spiroides (Cyanobacteria) em cultura
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-05-30)
Bagatini, Inessa Lacativa
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Vieira, Armando Augusto Henriques
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4428377384377272
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3904631503604006
The cyanobacterium Anabaena spiroides, a cosmopolitan species occurring in eutrophic environments as in Barra Bonita reservoir, is covered by a thick polysaccharide capsule that provides a microenvironment for association of bacterial communities. The aims of this study were: to identify bacteria attached to A. spiroides capsule to evaluate interspecific relationships among bacteria communities and A. spiroides, considering bacteria selectivity and succession dynamics of attached bacteria; as well as the effect of bacterial inoculum (1.2 µm filtered water from Barra Bonita reservoir) on cyanobacterial growth. For this purpose, density, production, biomass and diversity of bacteria attached to cyanobacteria capsules and free-living bacteria were determined in two replicate cultures of A. spiroides inoculated with bacteria from Barra Bonita reservoir. The diversity was verified by the number of bands obtained through separation of PCR amplification products of 16S rDNA from free-living and attached bacterial communities using Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE). Bacteria attached to the capsule were identified by sequencing the fragment of 16S rDNA. A set of cultures were performed to evaluate cyanobacterial growth as affected by Barra Bonita filtered water. A. spiroides cultures without Barra Bonita inoculum were used as control. The results showed that bacterial density, biomass and total production were higher for free-living bacteria, but no significant difference was obtained between attached and free-living bacteria regarding production per cell. The diversity was lower for the attached bacteria than free-living ones. Three strains of attached bacteria present in A. spiroides inoculum, identified as one Acidobacteria and two Alphaproteobacteria, remained up to the beginning of exponential growth phase. At the senescence phase these bacteria were replaced by four strains identified as one Deltaproteobacteria, one Betaproteobacteria, one Bacilli (Firmicutes) and one unidentified strain. This research demonstrated that there were selectivity and succession in the bacterial community attached to A. spiroides, and that the addition of the filtered water from Barra Bonita inoculum accelerates the death of cyanobacterium cultures
Eficácia de um programa de comunicação alternativa aplicado a grupos de escolares com deficiência intelectual
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-05-30)
Lima, Cândice da Silva e
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Almeida, Maria Amélia
The capability to use the language is essential for the acquisition of the symbolic systems and to improve the interpersonal relationships; his/her full development depends on the cognitive abilities and social adaptative skills. When an implication happens in this natural course, it is common to appear alterations in the communicative process. The speech pathologist s intervention in group, when using Augmentative and Alternative Communication as an intervention procedure, makes possible the complete use of the social interactions in the development of the language abilities. The objective of the present study was to plan, to apply and to evaluate an intervention program about Augmentative and Alternative Communication in a group inserted on a naturalistic model in one Special Education School. The ten students who participated in the research had a diagnosis of intellectual disabilities. Three of them were the target subjects. In order to be the target, they had to be non verbal. In the group of seven children there were some who were verbal and others nonverbal ones. All of the ten participants were capable to accomplish voluntary motor actions and they did not participate in other intervention group that used Augmentative and Alternative Communication. The chronological age of the group varied between 6 and 14 years old. To verify the effects of the intervention Program on Augmentative and Alternative Communication in the participants communicative behavior, a Multiple Baseline design across subjects was used. The sub-test Pragmatic from Test of Infantile Language ABFW and the Test of Receptive and Expressive Language were also used. The Results demonstrated that during the Baseline, none of the participants obtained success in relation to the use of the communication pictures. However, when the intervention process was started, the children presented increase in the use of pictures as an alternative to communicate their needs. At the end of the data collection all children were able to use the picture exchanging program. The Pre and Post results related to the Pragmatics Evaluation revealed that all the participants from each group improved their communicative abilities. It is important to emphasize that some of them improved their verbal behaviors and the ones who did not have conditions to improve their oral communication, started to use the pictures to communicate their needs associated with gestures and vocalizations. The application of Pre and Post Test on Receptive and Expressive Language Test, evidenced changes when the expressive language is analyzed. Some participants acquired abilities related to language verbal expression, even thought this was not the study main focus. We concluded that when the System of Augmentative and Alternative Communication was employed, the development of the communicative abilities occurred, improving the participants' communication performance during the interactions. Therefore, it is evident the importance of the speech pathologist s intervention in group situations and the use of the Communicative Alternative and Augmentative Systems to develop communication skills in children with intellectual disabilities.
Integração de dados baseada em ontologia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-05-30)
Afonso, Gustavo Ferreira
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Santos, Marilde Terezinha Prado
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9826026025118073
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Biajiz, Mauro
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8331600770992494
The study on data integration is not new but neither is exhausted. Its need is increasingly clear due to the search for information in a general environment with increasing availability of data proceeding from distributed and heterogeneous sources. An approach used successfully, especially to solve the problems of heterogeneity of sources, is the use of ontology, as the basis for the data integration systems. In order to employ this concept, this work describes the development of a data integration system based on ontology, DISFOQuE, which has its use as a motivation in the field of watersheds analysis.
Aplicando senso comum na edição de objetos de aprendizagem
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-05-31)
Carlos, Alessandro José Francisco
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Silva, Junia Coutinho Anacleto
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/6200743168568684
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/4366749699251249
To prepare quality learning material that can provide meaningful learning, considering the students previous knowledge, the place where they live in and the culture they acquire along their lives, i.e. their common sense, is still a great challenge for learning process. Considering the context of e-learning, focusing on Distance Learning (DL), this challenge is even bigger, because teachers and students are separated physically and/or temporally. Teachers have to deal with using computer and Internet in order to edit Web content, guaranteeing support for students meaningful learning. Organizations dedicated to DL and universities have created the concept of Learning Objects (LO), a format for organizing and structuring any digital material focused on education. For teachers to use common sense knowledge in LO edition, two module supported by common sense knowledge was integrated into Cognitor, a computational framework to edit Web-like learning material. One of the modules gives access to the Open Mind Common Sense (OMCS-Br) knowledge base and, given a concept on which teachers wish to work on, other related concepts are retrieved from the common sense knowledge base and presented to teachers who can insert them into the structure of the hyper document in order to elaborate related contend for that concept afterwards. In the case studies developed in this project, a verification was performed on the common sense support for helping teachers to structure LO with better quality by using the Knowledge View assistant available in Cognitor, which is based on Novak s Conceptual Map Theory, applying the patterns of CogLearn, a HCI and Pedagogical Pattern Language developed at the Advanced Interaction Laboratory (LIA). Besides of that, the potential use of such kind of knowledge for fulfilling LO metadata, making easier their reuse, is approached in a second module available on Cognitor.
Projeto de um framework para visualização e controle de simulações distribuídas em diferentes plataformas de software e hardware
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-05-31)
Iwasaki, Fábio Minoru
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Araujo, Regina Borges de
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8964123297688432
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3358186294901027
Computer simulation can be used to assess future risks and to support decision making and can be modeled either for quick runs to predict the state of a real-world system or for indeterminate runtime to allow human interaction in a virtual environment for training. To facilitate the modeling and implementation of those simulations, many commercial software suites are available, but proprietary technologies are limited when there is the need to reuse a particular implementation together with other solutions. Faced with the need for interoperability, the High Level Architecture (HLA) standard defines a communication infrastructure for data sharing and synchronization among distributed simulation models. Using the HLA as its basis, this work defines a framework to generate an application for simulation control and management using tridimensional graphics for visualization through the Extensible 3D (X3D) standard. The X3D specifies a runtime environment for 3D content presentation and defines a language and a set of components to describe that content. By using the HLA and X3D standards integrated into technologies such as Web services, this framework provides a solution to visualization and control of distributed simulations in different software and hardware platforms.
Zoneamento ecológico-econômico do município de Santa Cruz da Conceição-SP: uma proposta conceitual de planejamento para a sustentabilidade local
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-06-04)
Araujo, Ronaldo Tavares de
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Pires, José Salatiel Rodrigues
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3412204514901170
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8209718458963475
Due to the fact that governmental decisions centralize local sustainability as a basis for reaching global sustainability, planning and establishing directives for municipal territories are growingly important. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to characterize, analyze and elaborate a conceptual proposal for ecological-economical zoning in the city of Santa Cruz da Conceição, state of São Paulo, Brazil, using Geographical Information Systems GIS in order to create a digital georeferenced database that would enable the understanding of the structure and functioning of natural systems for the sustainable use of natural municipal resources. Characterization and zoning were based on topographical charts and aerial photographs. Results led to the construction of maps of structural elements in the landscape, analysis of erosion risks, and definition of zones of environmental fragility. For each zone, the problems, limitations and potentials were determined. Besides, tendency and directions were projected in order to determine general and specific directives for the preservation of natural characteristics and prioritization of the potentialities in each area. The municipal territory was divided into four zones that showed distinct levels of environmental fragility: zone of major relative environmental fragility (ZMAF), zone of medium relative environmental fragility (ZMEF), zone of major relative environmental stability (ZMAE) and urban zone (ZURB). ZMAF and ZMEF were predominant in the landscape of the city with 37.54% and 41.62% of the area, respectively. Results obtained evidenced the need to determine legal public, technical and financial tools for the social control of existing environmental impacts, to substitute and diversify socialeconomical matrices and to adequate the use of natural resources to local environmental fragilities.
Estudo da tenacidade à fratura por meio do método do trabalho essencial de fratura (EWF) da blenda PBT/ABS, reforçada com fibra de vidro
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-06-05)
Razzino, Carlos do Amaral
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Hage Júnior, Elias
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1240692926327687
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/2638794744443674
High rubber content acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene terpolymer (ABS) has been used to tough PBT. As a result, super tough PBT/ABS blends under notched Izod impact have been obtained. However, there has been a significant reduction in the PBT/ABS Young modulus. The development of an optimum stiffness-toughness balance in PBT/ABS blends can be achieved by addition of short glass fibers to the composite blends. The composite performance is strongly dependent on the matrix-fiber interface and consequently the surface treatment of the fiber is a key factor to be considered. In the present work, the effect of two kinds of glass fibers treatment on the mechanical properties of PBT/ABS blends is investigated and the results discussed in terms of the changes of the fiber wettability and interfacial adhesion strength of the fiber to the resin. The processing conditions used to prepare glass fiber reinforced tough PBT/ABS blends were studied to observe the best conditions to maintain the toughness and stiffness of the blend as high as possible. A twin screw extrusion was used to prepare the reinforced PBT/ABS blends. Tensile, impact and essential work of fracture (EWF) testing was carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties for stiffness and toughness of the reinforced blends, respectively. The results have shown a strong dependence of the mechanical properties on the surface treatment of the fibers and these results are corroborated by electron microscopy micrographs that clearly illustrate the changes in the composite fiber/matrix interface in the presence of differences in surface treatments of the fiber. The development of an optimum stiffness-toughness balance in PBT/ABS blends was achieved and EWF has been successfully applied to evaluate the toughness for PBT/ABS blends.
NUPES : protagonista da política para educação superior brasileira? (1989-2005)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-06-05)
Grello, Fabíola Bouth
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Silva Junior, João dos Reis
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/5914699246880638
The aim of this work is to analyze the NUPES academic production, specifically 23 serial researches of Work Documents periodic from 1989 to 2005. The principal objective is to investigate if NUPES academic production was antecipated, in scientific means, to political process and educational laws development process since 90´s decade, keeping in mind Brazilian superior educational official changes. Our specific aim is to identify the concept of scientific publication autonomie of this section, and this concept evolution also. We tried to reflect how political aspirations, vizualazed and projected by NUPES for almost two decades are been incorporeted by educational law arcabouço and based on science and tecnologie Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico-CNPq, analized here by the editais from 2003-2004. The research point out evidences that NUPES proposal Project after 16 years turned them not only a protagonist but na important part of thematic, theorical and methodological field of superior educational reform process. Their researchs, publications, discussions abreviated politics that are incorporate to life by laws, decrees, and measures. The politics point out that the State is suffering a new political orientation, that had been done by NUPES from two decades in BRazil. These orientations focusing on public universities has been materializing under political forms stimulating the management switc, employes hire, its spend, and the new function that demands to the university. All the analysis bring us to a commun place, indicating a academic culture, professor-researcher profile (now a entrepreneur) and flexibility that this politics demands, are changing movements into the university, indicating less scientific autonomie power in academic university space. All this movement bring us to a new State politics, that uses public means to invest in politics direct from productiv section, providing a new knowedlege dimension, not meeting politic and academic time neither social comportament, breaching the three pilars of the university: scientific, financial and didactic autonomy.
Ocorrência do gênero Stiropius Cameron, 1911 (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Rogadinae) em Mata Atlântica ombrófila densa da região sudeste do Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-06-06)
Brunelli, Carlos Augusto Prates
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Dias, Angélica Maria Penteado Martins
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8637344058859147
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/1499078052053319
The collection and maintenance of the material used in this paper were financed by the Biota/ FAPESP project (process 1998/05083-0). The main objective of this study is to come to know the Stiropius Cameron, 1911 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Rogadinae) fauna in 8 localities in the Atlantic Rain Forest distributed by the Southeastern part of Brazil, aiming to amplify the taxonomic knowledge of the group mentioned before. The genus includes 18 described species, only one from Brazil. Using Malaise and Moericke traps and sweeping of the vegetation 44 units of the genus Stiropius were collected and identified as 31 different species: 5 were already described by ACHTERBERG (1995) in Central America and 26 new species: 7 in Sao Paulo State, 12 in Rio de Janeiro State and 7 in Espirito Santo State. The richness of species is significant when compared to the number of samples that were found, suggesting that the genus Stiropius constitutes a diverse group in the Atlantic Rain Forest and indicates the shortage and viability of new studies with the genus Stiropius, approaching the Rain Forest biome and the south-American continent in general, since reviews of the genus before this paper were carried only for North and Central America.
Ambiente de jogos educacionais de adivinhação baseados no conhecimento de senso comum
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-06-06)
Ferreira, Alexandre Mello
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Silva, Junia Coutinho Anacleto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6200743168568684
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3233743834638977
The use of computer games for education is getting more and more common, since they are considered a potential tool for facilitating the learning process, making it more comfortable and natural for students. However, the majority of the existent educational games neither allows content personalization nor offers any support for teachers to contextualize the game content to the socio-cultural reality of a certain group of students. The environment What is it? developed in this project allows teachers to co-author card-based quiz games and offers common sense support from a common sense knowledge base previously filtered by teachers, according to the desired student profile, making possible fit the content for the students needs. The environment is divided into three modules: (I) the editor s module, where teachers can create a game instance; (II) learner s module which is used by players to guess the secret word of a game card (for instance, AIDS), which is related to a topic (STD Sexually Transmitted Disease, for example) that is referred to one of the transversal themes proposed by SEF/MEC (for example, Sexual Education), inferring the word from the clues that are presented one by one; and (III) the evaluation module for teachers to analyze the performance of each student in playing the game and to make their conclusions. The environment also proposes a new way for collecting common sense knowledge through which mechanisms on the editor s and player s modules store all the interaction of teachers and students with the system, mapping the data gotten from the interaction in relations stored in the Open Mind Common Sense (OMCS-Br) knowledge base, which currently collects common sense knowledge in the form of natural language statements through voluntary contributions in the site of the project (http://www.sensocomum.ufscar.br). For assessing the environment, a case study was performed in two state schools one in São Carlos/SP and another in Foz do Iguaçu/PR that allowed to certify the interest of teachers and students in using this kind of educational tool and to collect opinions from teachers about using common sense knowledge for contextualizing the generated content. Moreover the potential for collecting new common sense statements through the game, contributing towards making the OMCS-Br common sense knowledge base grow faster, is demonstrated.
O desenvolvimento profissional de professoras iniciantes mediante um grupo colaborativo de trabalho
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-06-06)
Montalvão, Eliza Cristina
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Mizukami, Maria da Graça Nicoletti
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6700042495733686
The early years of professional activity are the period in which new graduates face the challenge of completing their transition from students to teachers. Research has shown that this phase is characterized by intense learning and significant stress, often in unfamiliar contexts where the beginners are required to attain professional skills while maintaining a certain level of personal balance (Marcelo, 1998). Many interfering factors will affect the daily routine of beginning teachers, frequently leading to a number of obstacles to overcome. This work applies a qualitative approach in the detection and resolution of such difficulties from a collaborative perspective, using workgroup cooperation as a central strategy. It also investigates the contribution of workgroup strategy to the development of beginning teachers, and to the beginners ability to face and overcome arising problems. Theoretical references were taken from previous studies on the recent trends in teacher development, the knowledge basis of teaching and the processes of pedagogic reasoning. Collaborative research was performed with a group of four beginning elementary school teachers who attended weekly meetings over a one-year period. The full-length transcripts of all meetings served as the main source of pertinent data, supplemented by several written accounts produced by the participants themselves. Results show that, among the several challenges encountered by teachers in their day-to-day activities, classroom management issues can be considered as the primary source of difficulties. The group was effective in proposing solutions to reported problems and in contributing to the professional development of beginners. Works of this nature, however, can be limited by a number of factors, such as the time span between the establishment of a group and the moment it becomes truly collaborative (Grossman et al, 2001). Despite that fact, the group used in this study rendered meaningful results and showed that the theorization of day-to-day classroom experiences can constitute a powerful instrument for the professional development of teachers.
Modelos dinâmicos de resposta binária para dados em painel
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-06-06)
Silva, Eveliny Barroso da
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Franco, Maria Aparecida de Paiva
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/9165804999522227
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/3911410872456214
A summary of the state of the art relative to regression models for binary response variable and panel data is presented in this work. Those models may include efects from several sources: specific variables of interest, heterogeneity between individuals and lagged values of the response variable. The original contributions of the author are simulation studies to compare two diferent approaches to maximum likelihood estimation of parameters of dynamic models with all three kinds of efects, and also a study of properties of such estimators in group sequential analysis, using the bootstrap methodology. Original codes were developed in R for implementation of simulation studies. The relevance of the subject and the non availability of appropriate codes in commercial software for fitting dynamic models for binary response justify the choice of the theme.
Estimação de escores binomiais correlacionados: uma aplicação em Credit Scoring
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-06-09)
Souza, Victor Hugo Delvalle
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Louzada Neto, Francisco
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0994050156415890
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https://lattes.cnpq.br/8756605556928181
For the most part of modelings in the credit risk area, the most widely used model is the credit scoring, and as the main statistical technique, the binary logistic regression, used to determine whether a customer is a good or bad payer. In this academic work an alternative methodology is proposed, where the estimative is formed based on the scores obtained by customers; this means the response follows a binomial distribution. In this modeling the combined estimate of scores of various products used by customers is included, considering the correlation between these scores.