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O espaço escolar na Revista Brasileira de Estudos Pedagógicos (1944-1966)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-06) Silva, Anete Charnet Gonçalves da; Abramowicz, Anete; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0616718781985564
The research The School Space in the Brazilian Magazine of Pedagogic Studies (1944-1966) intends to analyze the School Space, from the architecture and health, just like it was presented by the Brazilian Magazine of Pedagogic Studies, from 1944 to 1966, taking the texts published in the magazine as its principal source. It investigates how the school space specializes itself, acquiring functionality, from an architecture that, taking the example of other areas, has being conducted to the school and your educational program, the school architecture. Exhibiting the characteristics and the changes of the school space introduced by functional architecture, indicating how the medicine knowledge, that enters the school to preserve the health of the individual, has associated to education and into that specialized school space acted disciplinary at the production of new brazilian to the urban-industrial society. Finally, it gives information about the registered movements in discussions that occurred on educational events that intended to establish a school space policy.
Contribuição do sistema de gestão empresarial (SGE) à efetivação da estratégia de produção
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-06) Gonzalez, Cleber Camacho; Nogueira, Edemilson; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4528400534946550
This work assumes that the success of an enterprise can be reached out more easily if the strategic hierarchies are respected. Thus, the decisions referring to the operational area ought to follow the paths proposed by the operation strategy, which should be subordinated to and coherent with the corporative strategy. Having this as a main basis, this study focuses on the strategic objectives of operations and, by means of case studies, it aims at verifying the contribution of enterprise management system (EMS) to its elaboration. The cases were studied aiming at knowing the performance objectives most valued by the company administration and the production function too. Next, this work studies in the operational area which traits of a EMS can mostly contribute in the effectiveness of these strategic objectives. Finally, an inventory about the utilization of the EMS is elaborated and a comparative analysis is carried out so that it is possible to identify the adequacy level existent. In order to get the reader acquainted to the themes discussed a bibliographical review was made and it covers Operation Strategy, Enterprise Management System and the Strategic Alignment between them. By the end of this study, it was possible to observe that the enterprise strategy has been communicating efficiently with the operational area and that the utilization of EMS contributes to the strategic effectiveness of operation. Nevertheless, it can be realized that this contribution could be more relevant in case the alignment between Operational areas and IT were worked out more elaboratedly. In relation to the alignment level, analyses did not show significant differences neither among the companies researched in spite of the fact they belong to different action areas, nor among different EMS or their versions.
Purificação de penicilina G por adsorção em resinas hidrofóbicas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-06) Barros, André Nogueira Castro de; Giordano, Raquel de Lima Camargo; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8455531675596427
The separation of biotechnological products is an area of great economic importance once it represents the majority of the cost of this product. On industrial production of penicillin G (penG), the separation of the antibiotic has been made by extraction on organic solvent. However the decrease on the use of these solvents has become imperative in many chemical processes, caused mainly by environmental issues, which has motivating the pharmaceutical company PRODOTTI S/A, penG producer, on the research of new and less environmental aggressive ways to obtain this substance. Adsorption is one of the methods of concentration/purification most used by the chemical industry and it is based on the attraction exercised over the product (liquid phase) by a solid phase. The project sponsored by UFSCar/Prodotti/FINEP in progress has as one of its aims the study of the technical availability of substitution of extraction of penG by solvents for extraction by adsorption in hydrophobic resins. The penG, which is a weak acid, has therefore a favorable adsorption in low pH values. Nevertheless, penG can degrade itself under such conditions of pH, being required, in this way, adequate conditions for the operation. Therefore, the objective of this assignment was evaluate the influence of pH and temperature on the efficiency on adsorption of penG by hydrophobic resins, seeking conditions for maximum efficiency that do not result in degradation. Initially, it was necessary to develop the methodology that could allowed that analysis of a huge amount of penG samples in culture medium, which means that the penG could be analyzed in the presence of other nutrients and also could be distinguished between the intact and the degradated form. Some methods such as CLAE, iodometric and bioassay were analyzed and the conclusion was the CLAE method was necessary and also was able to quantify the penG s degradation rate. This features allowed the studies of penG s stability when exposed to different value pH and temperatures, the maximum half-life that it was stable in each condition and the time of growth, which means that it was possible to determine the time that the variation in the medium s concentration that did not affect the quantification of penG. Nevertheless, the CLAE method is very expensive to be applied to a large number of samples originated from culture medium. With this in mind, a new methodology was developed based on the complete hydrolysis of penG catalyzed by the penicillin G acilase, and this reaction proved to be precise and reproducible, reasons for being chosen in the later steps of this study. The efficiency of adsorption of penG was evaluated in the resins XAD-4, XAD-7, XAD-761 and activated carbon, and the XAD-4 resin has shown to be the most efficient with little increment of efficiency at pH 4.0 (44%) when compared to pH 6.0 (36%). Therefore, the XAD-4 resin was studied for parameters such as adsorption kinetics and the isotherms of adsorption were determined in different value of pH and temperatures. The Langmuir s isotherm had the best fit into the data collected in all the conditions, with maximum value of qmax = 595.06±51.54 mg penG/g resin, at pH 4 and 4°C. In order to analyze the adsorptions in value of pH lower than 4.0 without the occurrence of penG s degradation that usually occurs at high concentrations of this molecule and at value of pH lower than 4.0, two strategies referring to the adsorption conditions were studied. For the first one, the fermentative broth s pH is adjusted and right after this same broth is maintained in contact with the adsorbent. For the second method, the adsorbent was add to the fermentative broth at a pH of 7.0 and with the adsorption process the pH was reduced until reach the complete adsorption of the penG. The last process showed a better efficiency of adsorption of 0.77g penG/g resin and productivity of 0.31 g penG/g resin/hour at pH 4.0, meanwhile the direct adsorption at pH 4.0 had an efficiency of 0.548g penG/g resin (0.548 g penG/g resin/hour). The second strategy with the gradient is better since it increases the efficiency and decreases the productivity of the process. The results showed that the ideal situation would be to work with pH values even lower than 4, but elevated concentrations of penG will lead to the degradation of the antibiotic in this pH range. The desorption of penG was studied using a technique of experimental planning and analysis such as pH, temperature and composition of mixture water/ethanol. The results showed that to obtain a maximum desorption, the process must be effectuated at 8°C and utilizes as eluent a mixture of 82.5% ethanol and 17.5% water on a pH of 6.2.
Modelagem fuzzy usando agrupamento condicional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-06) Nogueira, Tatiane Marques; Camargo, Heloisa de Arruda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0487231065057783; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0851148137941240
The combination of fuzzy systems with clustering algorithms has great acceptance in the scientific community mainly due to its adherence to the advantage balance principle of computational intelligence, in which different methodologies collaborate with each other potentializing the usefulness and applicability of the resulting systems. Fuzzy Modeling using clustering algorithms presents the transparency and comprehensibility typical of the linguistic fuzzy systems at the same time that benefits from the possibilities of dimensionality reduction by means of clustering. In this work is presented the Fuzzy-CCM method (Fuzzy Conditional Clustering based Modeling) which consists of a new approach for Fuzzy Modeling based on the Fuzzy Conditional Clustering algorithm aiming at providing new means to address the topic of interpretability of fuzzy rules bases. With the Fuzzy-CCM method the balance between interpretability and accuracy of fuzzy rules is dealt with through the definition of contexts defined by a small number of input variables and the generation of clusters induced by these contexts. The rules are generated in a different format, with linguistic variables and clusters in the antecedent. Some experiments have been carried out using different knowledge domains in order to validate the proposed approach by comparing the results with the ones obtained by the Wang&Mendel and conventional Fuzzy C-Means methods. The theoretical foundations, the advantages of the method, the experiments and results are presented and discussed.