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Análise citogenética em algumas espécies de peixes em uma região de divisor de águas entre riachos de bacias hidrográficas distintas
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-25) Ferreira Neto, Maressa; Moreira Filho, Orlando; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3927076022470557; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2970895500896024
Cytogenetics studies in headwaters fishes have contributed significantly to the citotaxonomy and cytossistematic of these organisms. However, little is known about this diversity in the vast majority of river basins, especially among populations of adjacent basin headwaters, as it occurs in the Corumbataí area of environmental protection (Área de Proteção Ambiental APA Corumbataí), São Carlos city, São Paulo state. This way, an attempt was made to perform a comparative karyotypic analysis among the populations of many fishes of the Feijão upstream, tributary of Jacaré-Guaçu river, Tietê basin, and the Pântano upstream, tributary of Mogi-Guaçu basin, associating the cytogenetic data with the evolutionary aspects and the dispersal of the species in the region. Were studied species belongs of five Pisces families: Characidae (Astyanax altiparanae, Astyanax fasciatus, Moenkhausia sanctafilomenae); Curimatidae (Cyphocharax modestus); Prochilodontidae (Prochilodus lineatus); Cichlidae (Geophagus brasiliensis, Cichlasoma facetum); and, Gymnotidae (Gymnotus carapo, Eigenmannia sp.). The Geophagus brasiliensis, Gymnotus carapo and, Astyanax altiparanae species were characterized using basic and molecular cytogenetics tools aiming to verify the similarities and/or the chromosomal changes occurred between allopatric species, while in the others were observed inherent specific problems only in one population. A great similarity of the karyotypic macrostructure was observed between G. brasiliensis and Gymnotus carapo populations in both regions studied. However, in A. altiparanae specie differences were detected in the karyotypic formulae and in the number of 18S ribosomal sites. So, the data obtained to G. brasiliensis and G. carapo indicate that despite they are separated by waters divisors, occurred the maintenance of a very similar karyotypic macrostructure, possibly reflecting a karyotypic stability of this specie. However, in A. altiparanae specie we can observe a certain degree of evolutionary divergence between the analyzed populations, resulted of a flow gene restriction.
Formação humana para o exercício da cidadania : os saberes da experiência de jovens membros do Conselho Municipal da Juventude de São Carlos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-25) Fernandes, Sabrina; Montrone, Aida Victoria Garcia; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9011731777978672; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3127430790820095
This study sought to understand, from the perspective of young people, the knowledge built on the experience of being members of the Municipal Council of Youth of São Carlos (CMJ). For both, departed from the consideration that our experiences can be as educational processes. That is, people also educate from the experiences that are over their lives. As we all have the experience of participation in the world, all have different knowledge, based on which we live until then. The survey was developed starting from the recognition of the existence of an oppressive system dominant in our society, what do we do this mainly through the imposition culture. In this context, education is understood as a possible way forward in seeking the release of such a system. The intervention in the world for this is always political act. Thus, politics is not restricted to our relationship with the state, because no human action is depoliticized, every human act is loaded with ideas about the society in which they live. And education is also impossible to remain neutral and can serve both the system of domination, as tool to be desarmá it. They are mainly in social practices that are outside trigger the imposition of education that can develop educational processes that build the possibility of an education that liberates. Based on these understandings, this study had to investigate an area of youth participation, the CMJ, now based on assumptions that were as educational. It is a legally defined area of intervention for young people in the direction of municipal public policies. From the development of a qualitative research, which took as a tool for collecting data reflect the conduct of interviews with four young holders of CMJ, emerged 6 categories through which the results are presented: 1. participation, 2. expanding the visions of the world, 3. all: being-a-with-the-other in the world, 4. tolerance and solidarity, 5. living and talking, 6. the knowledge of experience. Participation may be desencadeadora of numerous educational processes by enabling the interaction between various people. Well, from the interaction that it triggers in a participatory environment, people can come to develop a dialogue, expand their visions of world and understand themselves as belonging to all. In this way are likely to modify their actions facing the reality in which they live. Thus, participation may trigger educational processes to promote citizen training for a conscious action in reality, in the direction desired by the subject that participates.