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Possibilidades de mediação dos espaços nas brincadeiras e aprendizagens das crianças na educação infantil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-26) Sitta, Kellen Fabiana; Mello, Maria Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8338726751746542; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4492756635947757
To understand the recent conceptions about childhood we have, necessarily, to seek in the historical aspects some answers for the present, due to the fact that a childhood vision also has historical and cultural relation, according to the Historical-cultural theory that grounded this research. In the long route of the history of attendance to childhood, researches and practices have been searching to affirm the importance of promoting a good quality education to all children - that involves diverse aspects of attendance, such as the ambient built. This work departed of the conception that the physical space of the infantile schools, appropriated at leisure activities of the children, can become a mediator of big relevance in the process of learning and development. Such being the case, the research matter that oriented this study was the following: What aspects are involved in the everyday of infantile schools so that the different spaces and equipments could work as mediators of the games of all children? The particular objective were: to diagnose the spaces (inside and outside) in the Infantile Schools of the municipal district of São Carlos; find out at schools which spaces are appropriated for games; analyze how those spaces are organized for the children plays and to identify/to analyze the mediation possibilities of the spaces in the learning and plays of the children. We used as a reference the Historical-cultural Theory because it acknowledge the game like main activity in the preschool phase, as long as for intermediate of it occur the most important changes in the psychic development of the child. The methodology used for the data collecting chose three different instruments: the first was a questionnaire applied at an extension activity about plays, at about 300 teachers of municipal district of São Carlos (SP), accomplished in the UFSCar (2006). The second instrument was a field research, in which was applied a questionnaire at 27 director of Infantile schools, about the physical structure of the schools and the activities accomplished in those spaces and; the third were observations of the games in the physical spaces of two units school. For the analysis of the data was chosen an only guideline that directed the over deepening of our glance in the specificities hinted by the data from the different instruments: the space like mediator of the playfully activities. Starting of that guideline could enlarge the analysis in four subguidelines, are they: 1. Physical structure - Quality of the spaces and learning of the children; 2. The outward and internal spaces like mediators of the activity kinds of the children; 3. Space, Game and Toys: the quality of the learning of the children and 4. The directed activities, the spaces and the teacher like mediator of the learning of the children. It is needed a profound reflection about insufficiencies interrelated to infra-structure and organization of the spaces in the Infantile institutions, conceiving that this is a big relevance factor in the mediation of the learning of the children. Our research also suggests that the space influence the teacher and contrary, being a reciprocal and continues motion.
A construção das cidades: processos educativos em uma transformação urbana
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-26) Carneiro, Daniel Marostegan e; Oliveira, Maria Waldenez de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3404769527869004; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2143112952254153
The cities building is interconnected to the logic of wealth s accumulation, guide of the capitalist society where we are in. In this way, the city comes up with segregated, divided and dominated spaces which do not allow good conditions for housings and urban infra-structure to a big quantity of people, giving new shapes and increasing the actual social inequality. This work understands the cities building as a complex relationship between a lot of social practices which interacts one to each other, sometimes more conflicting and sometimes less conflicting, and the study will be concentrated on the social practice urban transformations, carried through the public government, on regions occupied by low income s population . From the premise that on the social practices coexist educative process, through of what the participants of those practices learn and teach, this study looks to identify the educational process present on the social practice studied. The work characterize by it self as a qualitative research done from a case study, which configures as a urban area occupied by a low income s population, identified as Orfanato , located in the south area of São Carlos city, interior of São Paulo State. From the intervention of the municipal public government this occupation is being completely removed to a region in the other extreme of city, and what, besides the removal, contemplate the building of a housing state through the mutirão process that when putted families from some city s region together and under the municipal public government coordination, edify a new district. The removing process ends in an Orfanato's population dividing, where part of the population have engaged in the mutirão program and some have not. In the mentioned case, I demand to identify the educative process present in such urban transformation, with emphasis for those process that point to indicatives of inhabitant s autonomy of the Orfanato, meaning, conducting their own lives.
Caracterização urbanística e hidrológica do uso e ocupação do solo urbano da cidade de Ribeirão Preto - SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-26) Garotti, Leonardo Monteiro; Barbassa, Ademir Paceli; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2979012440240781; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3401217708321924
Estudo espectroeletroquímico e eletroanalítico de banhos de eletrodeposição de ligas prata-cobre e prata-zinco e caracterização morfológica, química e estrutural dos filmes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-26) Oliveira, Gildiberto Mendonça de; Carlos, Ivani Aparecida; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1666217445807782; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2122459167958450
The purpose of this thesis was to establish the conditions for silver-copper and silver-zinc electrodeposition from ammonium hydroxide and thiourea solutions, respectively, and to investigate the effect of added EDTA and HEDTA on the electrodeposition process. In this way, the influence of solution composition and electrodeposition parameter (deposition potential, deposition charge density, and deposition current density) on the electrodeposition process of silver-copper and silver-zinc was investigated. Relation between chemical species in solution and the reactions at the cathode/solution interface was established. It was verified that the formation of silver(I) complexes with ammonia or thiourea shifted the silver deposition potential to more negative value. As a result, the codeposition of silver and copper or silver and zinc was facilitated. On the other hand, EDTA and HEDTA acted as inhibitor of dendritic growth. This inhibition was attributed to EDTA and HEDTA adsorption on the platinum surface and growth sites of the electrodeposit, which decreased the current density of the charge transfer process. The silver-copper electrodeposit composition was a function of solution composition and electrodeposition parameter. On the other hand, the silver-zinc electrodeposit composition was almost constant, irrespective of the electrodeposition condition. Besides, the silver-copper electrodeposit was amorphous and composed by a mixture of silver, copper and silver-copper supersaturated solid solution. Sulphur was incorporated into the silver-zinc electrodeposit due to alkaline hydrolysis of thiourea in the cathode/solution interface. The silver-zinc electrodeposit was amorphous due to sulphur incorporation.
Histórias de vida de professoras que desenvolvem práticas docentes multiculturais
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-26) Fontenele, Cristiane Ferreira; Lima, Emília Freitas de; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4291522343501634
In this work, I analyze the life story and education of four elementary school teachers, working in cycle I (Grade 1 to 4) of the São Carlos Municipal education system, selected because of their implementation of inter-multicultural teaching. To substantiate my theory, I researched studies related to life story, teaching graduation and inter-multicultural perspective in education. This work clarified and generated new knowledge in: life and educational background that contributed to the inter-multicultural initiative; the reasons behind this choice of work-orientation; their personal and professional characteristics; their continuous search for change and innovation inside their present school organization system and the difficulties found and the opportunities created by them during their work development. The analyzed results show the progress of the teachers towards the development in the inter-multicultural educational practices in many moments of their life and careers. The four teachers via life experience, formal education and practical work acquired and developed knowledge and approaches that influenced their pedagogic work towards the inter-multicultural education ideas. The result of this learning in their work, could have been noticed when it started to guide the choice of new teaching contents, adoption of news procedures and in the establishment of new relationships at school and in the classroom. I believe that understanding how the teachers were constituted as professionals that apply intermulticultural teaching practices, it will be possible to think about models and teaching application in teachers more adequate to reach hearts and minds.
A influência da forma urbana no comportamento de viagem das pessoas: estudo de caso em Uberlândia, MG
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-08-26) Deus, Leonardo Rodrigues de; Sanches, Suely da Penha; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3857424839674606; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2017155890118770
The city s transportation system has been a big problem in urban planning, due to constant increasing of vehicles fleet, absence of road network monitoring, air pollution, and conflicts between pedestrian and car. Therefore the development of alternatives that encourage the sustainable travel modes realization, as non-motorized modes and public transportation becomes necessary, reducing, consequently, the number of trips by car. In order to assist urban planning process on the sustainable transportation modes preference and to contribute to better urban spaces for citizens, the objective of this study is to analyze the existent relations between urban form of six traffic zones in Uberlândia city, Minas Gerais State and its urban transportation system, defining how physical features of a certain region influences people traveling behavior. Urban form variables defined as important to this study and analyzed on traffic zones level were: urban density; diversity of land use; quality of favorable places to nonmotorized transportation; availability of public transportation; routes design and connectivity; city topography. To determine the urban form influence on travel behavior different discreet choice models, multinomial logit type, were calibrated. First of all, the models were calibrated using only travelers socio-economic variables and then variables that characterize urban form were included. Results indicated that urban form variables don't have significant influence on the modal choice process in trips in the city, not being, therefore, determinant to define that transport mode must be used. Socio-economic variables, in special, the income and the trip distance were the most determinative factors for the transport mode choice.