Browsing by Issue Date, starting with "2008-11-18"

Filter results by year or month

Now showing 1 - 20 of 21170

Caracterização de vila inserida no contexto urbano
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-11-18)
Silva, Regina Ferreira da
;
Falcoski, Luiz Antonio Nigro
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3200660670856698
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6256274895890254
This dissertation initiates with a brief historical revision of Brazilian industrialization process from the end of nineteenth century on. The industrialization process, and consequence rural exodus, produced several transformations in the society, amongst them, the emergence of the so-called workers' villages with purpose of providing accommodation to the workforce and, besides that, keep them close to the industrial plant. It studies the initial occupation and the current situation of some workers' villages in both capital city and country side cities of the state of São Paulo. It demonstrates the changes that have occurred in the occupying public of this type of habitation, and also shows how both the modern urbanism and the sustainable urbanism concepts have been adapted to the new villages. In the beginning, these villages were destined to the workers' class. With elapsing of the years, they became object of search of the middle classes and average-high class. They have realized how practical is to live in these small nuclei, in downtown or near to the urban center zone, with the convenience and individuality of a house, allied to the privacy and security that this type of residential arrangement offers. That combined has increased the value of this type of housing and has stimulated the real estate market to invest in new nuclei.
Monitoramento e controle de emissão de material particulado em uma fonte estacionária
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-11-19)
Almeida Filho, Francisco de
;
Aguiar, Mônica Lopes
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0431688649128529
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0541083513079994
The goal of this study was the monitoring of emissions by sources in Lower Furnace Production of Iron-alloy and Steam Generators of Industry Production of Alcohol. This tracking emission of pollutants was conducted after the equipment of Control Issue performed by Filters in a Bag House in the Iron-alloy Industries Washers and in a Scrubber in Alcohol Industries. The sampling of material was accomplished through Isokinetic Collector Sample using the Isokinetic Collector of Atmospheric Pollutants (CIPA) which allows the sampling of representative quantity of gas flow and retention this material in absolute Particulate filter. Sampling and analysis of gas was made at same time using an Electrochemical Gas Analyzer for determining the levels of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, oxides of nitrogen and oxygen present in the effluent gas. In the Iron-alloy Industry the effectiveness of the control of particulate matter inside of the Bag House was at safe levels and given the specifications of Environmental Quality. Other relevant factor to the maintenance of good level of control was the efficiency of the Gases Cooling System which allowed the safe working of the Bag House without fluctuations in temperature that could put at risk the constituent material of the fabric filters and also using a Program for Preventive Maintenance System for Control of the Emissions keeps it was in perfect conditions of operation and avoiding defects or failures in controllers environmental. In the Sugar and Alcohol Industry you can see the System Control that must meet the limits imposed by regional bodies through control of emissions standards and limits still needs of improvements to decrease emissions within the new concept of cleaner production. Finally it finds that the emissions are presented with the values of issuing measured within the limits allowed by the Environmental Bodies. Its systematic monitoring will allow the maintenance of results within the environmental parameters which one can achieve higher levels of environmental control through reventive measures and monitoring.
Tendência à sustentabilidade ecológica de loteamentos no município de Bauru/SP
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-11-20)
Garbelotti, Paulo Roberto Gervasio
;
Teixeira, Bernardo Arantes do Nascimento
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1166854416745527
Cities, big poles of development and also generators of social and spatial segregation, are suffering the pressure on urban systems and sanitation because of uncontrolled urbanization and industrialization by the rural exodus, causing irregular occupations in environmentally fragile areas. In this work ,it was searched the assessment of sustainability in its several aspects, through land fragmentation project analysis in the city of Bauru, Sao Paulo, selected according to criteria of location, size of business, size of lots, date of approval, surveys and survey data, including checking the implementation of it. With the acquisition of data, it was promoted comparative analysis between the project approved and its implementation and also between the several aspects of land division recorded on the projects analyzed using as reference the "PESMU - Sustained Urban Planning of Urban," through their subcomponents, allowing the assessment of the trend of ecological sustainability. Knowing these aspects of ecological sustainability and beyond for situations close to the sites and analyzed for parameters for setting up new ventures and lots in the city, especially when the issues of the region and the deployment are similar, with the aim of improving the inhabitants quality of life of the place approached.
Macroinvertebrados bentônicos como indicadores de qualidade da água em rios e reservatórios da bacia hidrográfica do Tietê-Jacaré (SP)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-11-20)
Pareschi, Daniela Cambeses
;
Tundisi, Takako Matsumura
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7789295211200946
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3758797802020831
The community of benthic macroinvertebrates from 21 pre-selected sample points, including rivers and reservoirs at the Tiete-Jacaré (SP) watershed, were sampled during periods of drought (jun/05) and rain (feb/08), using artificial substrates filled with expanded clay (1 month of colonization), as well as samples of natural substrate with Ekman-Birge dredger and core. The objective of this study was to analyze the richness and abundance of benthic macroinvertebrates (identified until the level of family, except for Chironomidae, which was identified until the level of gender) and it s relation to water quality, under two methods of sampling, artificial substrates and natural substrates, comparing also lotic and lentic systems. Several metrics were applied, such as BMWP (Biological Monitoring Working Party) and adaptations, the IBB (Belgian Biotic Index),% EPT and Shannon-Wiener diversity index, in order to verify it s relationship to water quality, analyzing physical, chemical and biological parameters of water and sediment. The artificial substrates were efficient in the colonization of the benthic macroinvertebrate both in rivers and reservoirs, providing greater richness and abundance than the samples with dredge or core. Most of the families collected with dredge or core were represented by Oligochaeta, Chironomidae and Mollusca, while in artificial substrates, a greater variety of orders of insects, crustaceans and other organisms were found. Greater richness and diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates, including groups that are sensitive to pollution as Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera, were found in more preserved places, with the presence of riparian vegetation and good water quality (low values of electrical conductivity, total phosphorus and fecal coliform). In places affected by sewage pollution, the greater abundance and dominance was found, especially from organisms that are tolerant to organic pollution, such as Oligochaeta, Chironomidae and Hirudinea. The genera of the family Chironomidae, Tanytarsus and Rheotanytarsus, were associated with better water quality, while the gender Chironomus gr. decorus occurred in great abundance in places impacted by domestic sewage. The application of biotic indices of water quality, BMWP and IBB, was satisfactory for both rivers and to the margins of reservoirs, although in the rainy season the results were not satisfactory, because of the loss of organisms.
A criança e a infância nos documentos da ONU: a produção da criança como 'portadora de direitos' e a infância como 'capital humano do futuro'
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-11-20)
Oliveira, Fabiana de
;
Abramowicz, Anete
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9670033909365792
The developed research is characterized as a documental base study of a qualitative nature related to the United Nations (UN) and to the idea of child and childhood produced by this agency. The relevance to the development of the investigation is based on the importance of this agency in the production of new senses about the child and the childhood in the legal field, resulting in a transference of the childhood sense produced in the 18th century by the historical discourse as well as by the limitation of works involving this knowledge area. The research objectives were: to analyze the senses NU constructed along its existence about the idea of childhood; to investigate the produced conception of child and childhood; to explore and analyze the UN s practices related to the idea of childhood present in the documents. The research was developed considering the analysis of the three following documents produced by UN: The Genebra Declaration of 1924, The Child Rights Declaration of 1959 and the Convention on Child Rights of 1989. Peharps, the NU s documents do not point exactly to a conception of child and childhood, but they certainly give us clues of how the child and childhood, derived from this, should be transformed. UN is being understood as a dispositive of government concerning the children as a specific population managed by both the biopower and the norm that use the Right and its legal discourse (materialized through the Declarations for the children) to rule, control and produce its legal discourse in the contest for the production of the truth on childhood. The comprehension of the notion of Right is being understood based on Foucault, not as something strictly linked to the legal aspect, but considering a widest perspective which associates it to the norm. The child who bears rights and the childhood, as human capital of the future , will de considered as the effect of an intricate net of powers that confer it a given place, a subjectiveness and practices that govern it.
Um cotidiano ritualizado : a temporalidade militar em perspectiva etnográfica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-11-21)
Souza, Alexandre Colli de
;
Leirner, Piero de Camargo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/3883880276055777
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0346524694289248
This dissertation thinks the temporality between the military through an ethnographic perspective. The pioneering works of anthropologists with armed forces in Brazil sought the understanding of the military through ethnographic perspective and escaped the dominant perspective of this issue so far: the relationship between military and politics. That look "inside" showed other perspectives of military sociability as its own vision of the military as a distinct group from the rest of citizens, a group with a set of inherent and exclusive features as well as a cosmology in which the hierarchy operates as logical classifier of all relations. These works raised suggestions I try to explore here, especially regarding the military temporality and its intersection with anthropological discussion of rituals. Within the theoretical anthropology production, ritual studies are constituted as a polyphonic field, producing a series of debates and different conceptions among themselves but always associated with the classic oppositions that founded the anthropological thought (individual / society, empiricism / rationalism ). By relating these two fields, I initially observed a series of data that led to think that the military temporality is lived and thought in understanding scheme in which time and actions could not simply be classified by the dichotomy that opposes the ritual moments and a routine (as a time less prescribed). The observation of military news, manuals, regulations, and reports indicated that all times of military life were marked by a series of regulations, codes of conduct regarding the physical appearance, body postures, uniform, internal behavior and external to the barracks, as well as for a variety of situations in which a military can pass. The military also have a complex series of celebrations and regulatory events in which directions on etiquette, protocol and ceremonial give way to how things should occur. The idea that these two fields, the regulation of the common life and the standardization of events, could not be treated as opposing ideas that guided the search for sociability data between military that become palpable the observation of that specific temporality, not dichotomous, which until then was a suggestive note. These results are presented here. In the opening chapter we present the background that led to the problem of this research, presenting ethnographies with military and anthropological discussion of rituals, and even at the end of this chapter, beginning the description of my insertion in the field. In the second chapter we present an analysis of military celebrations and events and in the third, the set of prescriptions ordering the training and the daily conduct of life of the military in many ways. Finally, I retake to discussion of the rites in the light of military temporality and its continuity solution, that smooth the classic opposition between ritual and daily life.
Inventário ictiofaunístico de dois rios de altitude do planalto serrano catarinense, alto rio Uruguai, Brasil
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-11-24)
Pereira, Karla Conceição
;
Verani, José Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0053232138684810
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9188348433434383
The fish presence and abundance in local assemblies are influenced by several biotic and non-biotic factors, which work and interact in different spatial and temporal scales (MATTHEWS, 1998). The present study aimed at performing the ichthyologic inventory in the headwaters of the rivers Caronas (Pelotas River basin) and Caveiras (Canoas River basin), sub-basins from the region of Santa Catarina State s Plateau, Alto Uruguai River basin, Brazil. The samplings took place monthly in two regions (lentic and lotic parts) during the period from February 2006 to January 2007, with a total of 48 samples. Nets varying from 2 to 7 cm in mesh size were disposed during 24 hours (starting from 12 pm) and were checked 3 times. Additionally were used hand line, catueiros , covos and tarrafas fishing devices. The samples were properly labeled and fixed in 10% formalin. A total of 162 specimens were caught, 72 from Caronas river (29 specimens in the lentic part and 43 in the lotic part) and 90 from Caveiras river (46 specimens in the lentic part and 44 in the lotic part), belonging to 9 species, 5 Families and 3 Orders. It was registered the occurrence of an exotic species Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout) in both rivers. Among the captured individuals, two species of Astyanax were constant on the studied habitats. According to the Jaccard qualitative Index application, it was recorded higher similarity values to the lentic parts from both rivers, although using the Bray-Curtis quantitative Index, it was shown that higher estimated values were seen among the lentic parts from both rivers and the lotic part from the Caveiras River. In general, both the qualitative and quantitative similarities presented relatively higher values, suggesting a great similarity in the ichthyofaunistic composition between the habitats in both rivers. Regarding biomass, similar values were registered to both rivers, corresponding to 6.222,64 g in Caronas River and 7.152,52 g in Caveiras River. The feeding items which presented higher frequencies of occurrence in the stomachs contents were: 22,8% of insects (aquatic stages), nematodes parts (14,3%) and terrestrials plants (13,1%), in Caronas River, and 24,4% of insects (aquatic stages), sand (12,7%), nematodes parts (11,7%), in Caveiras River. It was noticeable that the habitats were very alike in terms of specific richness and dominance. The species Rineloricaria sp, Pimelodus absconditus, Astyanax sp 1, Astyanax sp 2, Oligosarcus brevioris and Oncorhynchus mykiss had occurred in both habitats from both rivers; Hoplias malabaricus was not present only in the lotic part of Caveiras River; Rhamdia quelen was present in the lentic part from both rivers and Hypostomus isbrueckeri was restricted to the lotic part of Caronas River. Comparing the Kr values for the two species of Astyanax sp and analizing the distinct studied habitats, it was verified values upper 1,0 in the lentic part of Caveiras River. The results evidenced relatively low richness of species and low frequencies of occurrence on the ichthyofauna studied. It was also noticeable the predominance of the widely forager species Astyanax sp 1, and the presence of the exotic species rainbow trout in both rivers, which represents a risk to the native fish species at the same time that potentially threaten the fish diversity in those localities.
Toxicidade aguda, efeitos metabólicos e hematológicos subletais do fenol em pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus (Holmberg, 1887)
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-11-25)
Figueiredo, Juliana Sá Leal de
;
Moraes, Gilberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4427903557163246
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/9691216145271574
Phenol compounds and their derivatives are usually found in wastewaters. They may rise in aquatic environments from industry, sewage and country-farm wastes. In the present study we intended to determine the acute toxicity of phenol (LC50-96 hours) and its effects on intermediary metabolism and hematology of pacu exposed to sublethal concentration for 96h. In addition, recovery was evaluated after one week. For such, glucose, pyruvate, lactate, protein, amino acids, ammonia and glycogen were gauged in liver, white muscle and plasma after 96h of phenol exposure. Sodium, potassium and chloride were quantified in plasma. Activities of ALAT (alanine aminotransferase), ASAT (aspartate aminotransferase) and LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) were assayed in white muscle and liver. The hematological parameters: hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration and red blood cell counting, plus the hematimetric indices: MCV, MCH, MCHC were determined. At the end of the recovery period the tissue metabolites were quantified, ions concentration was estimated in the plasma and haematological parameters were determined. The results depicted a CL50-96h of 33 mg/L for pacu. After 96h of sublethal exposure to phenol it was observed: protein decrease, free amino acids increase and activity rise of ALAT and ASAT in white muscle. This is very suggestive of muscle proteolysis. In liver and plasma the levels of glucose, free amino acids and lactate were augmented. Hyperlactemia may be a sign of anaerobic metabolism increase. Augmented values of hematocrit, total hemoglobin and red cell counting may be ought to anaerobic metabolism. After recovery, the fish showed muscle glycogenolysis and reduction of pyruvate levels. The hyperlactemia was still remained. In the liver, protein levels were diminished and glycogen, glucose and lactate were increased. In this work, the stress and toxicity caused by phenol in pacu were clearly observed as well as the metabolic and hematologic processes were visibly affected.
Modelagem, simulação e otimização de transformadores piezoelétricos de modo radial para aplicações em conversão de potência
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-11-26)
Barros, Marcelo Henrique Martins de
;
Moreira, Fernando Manuel Araújo
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1809254923092721
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8514491119497005
This work seeks to improve the modeling, analysis and the optimization of the parameters of piezoelectric transformer (PT) built with polarized Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 electro-ceramics for applications in power conversion, as well as to characterize them. The main motivation resides in the great similarity of the electric model of the PT in relation to the LC resonant tanks plus magnetic transformer commonly employees in AC/DC and DC/DC power converters. Such similarity could make possible its application in power conversion, with good energy efficiency, as well as reduction of volume, weight, complexity, cost and electromagnetic emission, when compared to the converters based on magnetic devices, that today dominate almost all the applications. The power conversion accomplished in way more and more rational and with low losses of energy it is, without a doubt, one of the great concern of our time, for the expressive economic and environment impacts. A PT is a electric device that combines an piezoelectric driver on the primary side with a piezoelectric receiver on the secondary side. Both can work with transverse or longitudinal vibration modes. These drivers and receivers are made of piezoelectric elements, being for its time composed of metal plates (electrodes) and of polarized electro-ceramics. To the likeness of the magnetic transformers, piezoelectric transformers are transmission devices of electric energy, even so accomplished through eletro-mechanic coupling between the driver and the receiver. They can be used in the function of insulators, reducers or elevators of the applied voltage on the primary side. Based on the piezoelectric and wave equations, the electric equivalent circuit of a piezoelectric transformer in radial-mode vibration was obtained and later on improved, starting from a more complete approach, including effects that are usually despised. A performance analysis was accomplished through computer simulation and it was explored the limits for the power rate transfer for thermal and electromechanics considerations. Later on an outline of optimization of the piezoelectric transformer in a radial-mode was traced, in order to maximize the efficiency and of adapting it to applications of power conversion; also through computer simulation. Since the electric equivalent circuit of a piezoelectric transformer is commonly identical to the LC resonant tanks used in power conversion in high frequency switch-mode resonant scheme, the PT can substitute the magnetic transformer, the indutor and the capacitor of the resonant tanks, as well as to increase the energy efficiency and to reduce significantly the number of devices, the volume, the cost and the electromagnetic emission of an application in power conversion.
Movimento estudantil e repressão política: o Ato Público na Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (1977) e o destino de uma geração de estudantes
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-11-26)
Cancian, Renato
;
Villa, Marco Antonio
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0666499374255763
This study examines the university student movement of the 1970s and the Public Act at the Pontifical Catholic University of São Paulo (PUC-SP) in 1977, culminating in an episode of police violence against the students. The focus of the search fell on the path of life of a group of former student activists in order to understand, first, how they are linked and part of the student movement, and secondly, if the experience of participation in student movement was able to generate some influence or socialization in terms of political and professional after entering the stage of university education of ex-militants. Theoretically, this study establishes a dialogue with the sociological approaches that focus on the radical student collective actions and roles of young people, and is back to understanding the changes in the patterns of militancy that might occur in the transition from juvenile to life adulthood and integration into the world of work. The methodology of the History of Life provided the basis for the analysis of the biography of former student activists, and from that methodological feature found that the political militancy was a determining factor of student activism and, consequently, a more active participation in the movement university student. The study showed that after training and shutdown of the student movement, the former student activists have continued the practice of political militancy and experience of participation in the student movement has strong influence in their career options.
As experiências de desenvolvimento sustentável do Quilombo de Ivaporunduva: um estudo de caso na perspectiva da Agroecologia
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-11-27)
Pedroso, Fabio Graf
;
Beskow, Paulo Roberto
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5370208348544496
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/8182060065329538
This study aim to describe and analyze the main actions directed for the sustainable development of Ivaporunduva`s quilombola community, located at Ribeira Watershed, State of Sao Paulo. Although several local initiatives, this study focused into three main action lines: production, certification and commercialization of organic bananas; banana straw handicraftwork; and conservation, recovery and sustainable use of juçara palm tree. The research was carried through a case study, using different instruments for data collection: documentary analysis, informal interviews and participant observation. The experiments were analyzed by an agroecology perspective, adopting its concepts and principles as theoretical guideline of models and procedures for sustainable rural development. In this direction, it sought to analyze the processes from the three basic dimensions of sustainability, so as to identify and evaluate the main ecological, economic and social results obtained with the interventions. The study was conduced in a narrow relationship with the Ivaporunduva´s Quilombo Association and Instituto Socioambiental (ISA), partner entities responsible for projects implementation in the community. The results demonstrate that the interventions have brought significant contributions from an agroecological perspective, highlighting itself to environmental conservation, socioeconomic development and community s life quality improvement.
Aspectos ergonômicos e biomecânicos da atividade de manuseio de carga com ênfase no membro superior
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-11-27)
Oliveira, Ana Beatriz de
;
Coury, Helenice Jane Cote Gil
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1049547759186556
Despite the large tendency to task automation, manual material handling (MMH) is still performed in occupational settings. This activity has been widely studied but the focus has been kept on the low back. Besides the lower back, the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders also on upper limb, among workers who perform MMH, shows that there is a need to achieve a better understanding on the interaction between this segment and physical risk factors in the workplace. Besides physical factors, the musculoskeletal load during the MMH seems to be also influenced by the workers experience. In order to contribute with information on the effects of workplace factors on the upper limb behavior during MMH, two studies were developed. The objective of the first study was to evaluate the effects of height of the target surface and load mass on the muscular activity and movements during MMH performed by experienced and inexperienced subjects. Both muscular activity and movements were influenced by the variation of the load mass and height of the target surface. However, there was any difference for the comparison between experienced and inexperienced subjects. This fact was probably related to the homogeneity of the grip used by the subjects to carry out the handling, which has probably an association with the design of the box used in the experiment. In order to better understand the characteristics of the grip used by the subjects to perform the task, another study was conduced. The objectives were (1) to evaluate how experienced and inexperienced subjects would grasp a box when all sides were free to be approached; (2) to describe grip force and wrist movements according to each kind of hand grip, attempting to different heights of the destination surface; (3) to check for safe range of motion recorded for wrist movements in all conditions. Wrist movements and grip force were recorded during the task. Experienced and inexperienced subjects grasped the box by placing their hands on the lateral side and fingers on bottom side. This pattern was observed in all assessed conditions. It seems that when the box allows the free access to the bottom side, both experienced and inexperienced subjects prefer to use that side to position their hands/fingers. Data on movements and grip force has suggested that this grip can provide biomechanical advantage and should be available in occupational settings. In general, the results have shown that physical factors, like height of target surface and load mass, are determinants on the musculoskeletal load. Considering the demand required from the upper limbs, the high surface (around shoulder level) seems to produce higher risk to the development of disorders on this segment. To provide a better understanding on the upper limbs load, studies considering different layouts, as well as asymmetrical tasks and real occupational settings should be conduced.
Síntese não aquosa de nanocristais de óxidos metálicos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-11-28)
Silva, Rafael Oliveira da
;
Camargo, Emerson Rodrigues de
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/7720754304065239
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5493232698168613
Nonaqueous synthesis routes to obtain metal oxide nanoparticles are a valuable alternative to the aqueous sol-gel processes, offering advantages such as high crystallinity at low temperatures and ability to control the crystal growth without the use of surfactants. In this work the synthesis of metal oxide species, such as SnO2, ZrO2, In2O3:Sn (ITO) and SnO2:Sb (ATO), is presented by a surfactant-free method, within some reaction system such as metal halides benzyl alcohol, metal alkoxides benzyl alcohol and metal acetylcetonates benzyl alcohol showing the versatility of this approach. The characterization of the products by XRD and HRTEM confirms the desired characteristics promised by the synthesis method.
Transição ordem-desordem da matéria de vórtices em supercondutores detectada através do terceiro harmônico da suscetibilidade AC
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-12-01)
Oliveira, Ana Augusta Mendonça de
;
Ortiz, Wilson Aires
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0241177338066307
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/1723588689819867
Although a vortex state, in type II superconductors, has been anticipated more than 50 years ago, a great deal of theoretical and experimental efforts has still been done in an attempt to investigate how the dynamics of these structures depends on external excitations and on the inherent properties of the underlying superconducting material, such as inhomogeneities (Static Disorder). In this work, we studied, in granular �� samples and polycrystalline ��1−��2, the effects of different types and quantities of static disorder on the dynamic behaviour of the vortices. The analysis of such effects, using an extremely sensitive experimental technique, the Third Harmonic of the AC Susceptibility, was the main motivation for this research. Conducting a systematic investigation of the third harmonic, we have established reliable and reproducible experimental procedures to determine changes between different regimes of Vortex Matter (VM). In particular, we distinguished a regime of linear response and, other, of non-linear response, which were identified as representative of disordered and ordered phases of VM, respectively. As a consequence, a new frontier, delimitating these phases, was incorporated to the magnetic diagrams of the studied systems, denominated as Order Disorder Threshold (OD). We also analyzed the evolution of that OD threshold with the addition of inhomogeneities, as well as the format of the contour. With regard to form, two distinct behaviours were revealed and, consequently, interpreted as resulting from a competition between different types of disorder static and dynamic present in the materials. The most intriguing result reported, concerns to the anticipation, in the high temperature/low field region, of the OD limit, which we associated to a Thermally Induced Depinning Transition. In addition, we compared the OD lines with the Irreversibility Line (LI), obtained through magnetization measurements for some of the analyzed samples, pointing out the differences and similarities between them. Measurements of electrical transport and magnetic relaxation were also performed. The results derived from them contributed significantly to the study accomplished, leading to a broader view of the dynamic behaviour of vortices in the vicinity of this newly determined OD threshold.
Nível de degradação termomecânica e coleta de compostos orgânicos voláteis durante a extrusão de polímeros
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-12-01)
Coaquira, Carlos Alberto Cáceres
;
Canevarolo Júnior, Sebastião Vicente
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4153664441338178
In this work we studied the thermomechanical degradation and volatile organic compound (VOC) generated during extrusion of the HDPE, PP, and PS. The degradation processes occurred during extrusion were analyzed by a new methodology proposed in this work and called Degradation Level Distribution Function (DLDF). The results obtained were also correlated with the Chain Scission Distribution Function (CSDF) methodology previously proposed. Through DLDF methodology we can also find the critical molar mass ( c M ) above which the chain scission mechanism becomes predominant. The results showed that the chain scission process for HDPE and PP above c M is of a preferential type and random for the PS. The c M present a linear correlation with the weight average molecular weight and decreases with the increase of the extrusion temperature. The VOC generated during extrusion was analyzed via infrared spectroscopy and size exclusion chromatography. The results showed that these VOC are product of the degradation of polymer and additives. The molar mass of the VOC s varies between 100 to 1000 g/mol. The loss in weight for the volatilization of the material during extrusion is dependent of the polymer type and extrusion temperature. In the case of the PS the values vary between 25 and 850ppm and in the case of the HDPE and PP the loss is below 100ppm.
Aquisição de conceitos psicomotores pelo aluno surdo: avaliação de um programa de ensino
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-12-02)
Fenske, Sheila Glaucieli
;
Costa, Maria da Piedade Resende da
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2791098416503955
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/0004185084430939
Psycomotricity has presented relationship with several areas of learning. Starting from that, this study has three objectives: elaborate, implement and evaluate the effectiveness of a teaching program based on motor activities that emphasizes the body scheme and the space perception, in order to investigate the influence of it in the acquisition of corporal and space concepts for the deaf student. Three deaf students, between seven and nine years old, from a public school of Sao Paulo s interior were chosen to participate in the research. The participants' selection was accomplished following indications of Municipal General Office of Education and Municipal General office of Health. The design research used was intra-subject in multiple baseline. The program of activities was adapted to the results presented by the participant in the motor evaluation and in the baseline. Planned activities were applied in intervention phase, with conceptual and motor evaluation among each one of the stages and a final evaluation of both after the end of them. Three answer levels were used for each expected motor behavior according to each age as learning criterion. To analyze the results of motor and conceptual evaluations, three aspects were considered: the diary of the researcher's field, the socioeconomic questionnaire and the applied questionnaire in the students' parents. These results suggest that improvement in psycomotricity was more strong for the space perception than for the body scheme and if there s any modification in right and left notions, these are transposed for the graphic expression. It was also verified that suggested education does not have the waited success for the body scheme. One of the possible justifications is the necessity of more time in intervention.
Construção de banco de questões para exames de proficiência em inglês para programas de pós-graduação
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-12-03)
Monzón, Andrea Jessica Borges
;
Aluisio, Sandra Maria
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4793072701914550
As English is the most frequent language in science and in the academic community, the proficiency in this language is necessary to whom is in this environment included, mainly regarding reading comprehension. Many proficiency exams that evaluate this ability in candidates or graduate students, although request students only to translate a text. At ICMC (USP - São Carlos) since 2001 an English Proficiency Exam (EPE) has been made evaluating graduate students knowledge of research article as a genre (Swales,1990; Weissberg & Buker, 1990). The assessment is divided into four modules: 1) linguistic conventions, 2) structure of research article, 3) reading comprehension and 4) writing strategies which are peculiar to Academic English (Aluísio et al, 2003). However, the modules are not fully implemented and there s still a lot of space for linguistic reflections, once the exam was elaborated by a professor in the Computer Science area. The current study aims the construction of a corpus and the elaboration of questions referring to module 1 with the axioms needed in any evaluation (Perrenoud, 1999; Miller et al, 1998), the peculiar characterists of a foreign language test, Bloom s Taxonomy (1984), the Admissible Probability Method (APM) (Klinger, 1997) and the most recurrent mistakes made by Brazilian graduate students (Genoves Jr. et al, 2007). Computer tools will be used, such as: a concord and a word list that are commonly available in corpus processor like WordSmith Tool besides a chunker, a parser and a parser tree. The questions will be part of an item base to be used for: 1) the elaboration of future EPEs; 2) raising relevant information about the conditions of the testees reading comprehension; and 3) testees´ study and preparation through CALEAP-Web (Gonçalves, 2004).
Economia solidária e desenvolvimento local: uma reflexão preliminar dos programas do governo federal no período 2003-2007
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-12-04)
Ferraz, Fábio José
;
Shimbo, Ioshiaqui
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/6315114291031702
Estratégia de produção e gestão de suprimentos: estudo de casos no setor de linha branca
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-12-05)
Calife, Naiara Faiad Sebba
;
Nogueira, Edemilson
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/5029822027693191
The growing pressure for competitiveness and development of flexible production systems enhanced the strategic role of the production to achieve the goals of global enterprises. The decisions on production should be integrated with strategic decisions of the organization, and the organizational functions of production support stop being performed individually, and also take over strategic role in corporations, it is, for instance, the case of supplies function. This study aims to identify and analyze the Production Strategies and Supplies Management in two important companies in the white line area and check out if and how the function Supplies influences and is influenced by these strategies. The white line area has experienced, since the last decade, intense process of internationalization of production and concentration of capital. Such processes accelerated the diffusion rhythm of innovations in this sector, causing changes in the management and production organization. Furthermore, the existence of a gap in the theory that relates Production Strategy and Supplies Management makes us to bring this relation into practice. One opted for an approach of qualitative and exploratory character, and the research strategy used was the case study. It was possible to check the relevance of these issues for the companies studied so that they could achieve a favorable competitive position, and it was noticed that the priorities of the area of supplies are aligned with the competitive priorities of the enterprises, showing that the supplies management acts by giving support to the production strategy and vice-versa.
Secagem de sementes de gramíneas (Brachiaria brizantha) em leito fluidizado
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-12-05)
Rizzi Júnior, Antonio Carlos
;
Freire, José Teixeira
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/2270677706718167
;
https://lattes.cnpq.br/4688543665793400
Drying operation is an important stage of the processing that precedes the storage of seeds, since that with low moisture contents, these can retain their power of germination and other qualities for long periods. The objective of this work was to perform a study of drying of grass seeds (Brachiaria brizantha) in a batch fluidized bed, in order to evaluate the performance of the dryer in a physiological and phenomenological point of view. Fluid dynamics, heat transfer and drying tests were accomplished in order to verify the operational limitations of the equipment, as well as determining the main characteristic experimental parameters of the seeds (such as minimum fluidization velocity and transfer coefficients). Moreover, two types of models were tested (three-phase and two-phase models) with the purpose of comparing the feasibility of its applications. Sensitivity analyses were carried out on the main parameters and properties of the models aiming to discuss their strengths and weaknesses. Besides, experimental comparisons of the drying process in the equipment operating as fixed bed and fluidized bed were made. Among the main results, it was found that the simplified two-phase model provided better predictions of the drying experiments in fluidized bed, specially the temperature of the bed, than the three-phase model, which takes into account the existence of the solid, interstitial gas and bubble gas phases. By applying the hypothesis test of equality between the experimental and simulated variables, it was found a P-value equal to 0,829 for the simplified model Tm variable, better than the three-phase model corresponding variables. The adopted drying kinetics represented well the process, which presented a correlation coefficient of 0,975 between the predicted and experimental data.