Navegando por Data de Publicação, começando com "2008-12-15"

Filtrar resultados por ano ou mês

Agora exibindo 1 - 3 de 3

Roteamento dinâmico de veículos: análise do impacto em atividades de prestação de serviço
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-12-15) Lazarin, Daniel França; Pureza, Vitória Maria Miranda; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1495222500800817
In recent years, several studies have been revising static distribution models used by companies in order to incorporate intrinsic dynamic features of transport operations. Thanks to new technologies such as global positioning systems and wireless communications, vehicle routes elaborated in the beginning of the planning horizon can be altered in real time in order to serve new requests, avoid traffic jams, or find alternatives when some of the fleet vehicles are late or broke. In this way, realistic solutions of better quality are expected to be obtained from the company´s point of view (smaller costs) as well as from the customers´ (better service level). The main objective of this work is to analyze the impacts resulting from the incorporation of dynamic vehicle routing and scheduling in service production systems where the due dates for service is a prioritary issue. Specifically, we tackled the Dynamic Vehicle Routing Problem, where route plans are elaborated in a planning horizon. Initially, the definition and characteristics of dynamic problems are presented along with a review of some of the main contributions in the literature. We propose a heuristic based on Pureza and Laporte´s algorithm (2008) in order to obtain routes in real time. The relative impact of the heuristic application to other methods is analyzed by means of a set of generated instances from the data supplied by a drink company in São Paulo State.
Avaliação da contaminação de alface (Lactuca sativa) por coliformes termotolerantes e Escherichia coli em sistemas de cultivo orgânico e convencional
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-12-15) Lotto, Mariana de Castro; Valarini, Pedro José; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9101386053957180; https://lattes.cnpq.br/3446310803696904
Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) is the most consumed vegetable in Brazil, being classified as an important food, to be a rich source of vitamins. According to the practices adopted, its cultivation can be organic or conventional. However, lettuce can be a transmitter of pathogenic microorganisms to humans, as thermotolerant coliforms and Escherichia coli, since it is in contact with these contaminants often present in soil, water, in natural inputs (poultry litter) providing their development and survival. This research aimed to assess quantitatively the presence of thermotolerant coliforms and E. coli in water for irrigation and washing water, and the not washed and washed lettuce, grown under organic and conventional systems. The samples were collected in ten farms, five under organic and five under conventional systems, located at the cities of Ibiúna, Jaguariúna, Campinas e Morungaba - SP. In the laboratory, the samples were submitted to the analysis by the technique of counting the Most Probable Number. The results show that water for irrigation was considered one of the main factors responsible for contamination of lettuce, as showed by the presence ofhigh rate of thermotolerant coliforms and E. coli, independent of the cultivation system. However, the conventional system had been showing levels of contamination by thermotolerant coliforms and E. coli in water higher thanin organic system. In lettuce, pre washing contributed to the reduction of contamination by thermotolerant coliforms and E. coli in the product; however contamination by thermotolerant coliforms was considered high in the both cultivation systems. Moreover, others practices used in the farm such as personal hygiene, the inappropriate use of compost and the presence of animals in the areas of crops are source of contamination.
Efeito da inflamação articular aguda sobre a morfologia e a expressão gênica dos músculos sóleo e tibial anterior de ratos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2008-12-15) Ramirez, Liliana Carolina Ramirez; Salvini, Tânia de Fátima; https://lattes.cnpq.br/4391969032505723; https://lattes.cnpq.br/2618210083336317
Clinic evidences show that joint injuries affect muscles related to that joint making them more sensitive to atrophy and loss of force. However, muscle molecular responses in those conditions has not been investigated yet. Objective: To evaluate the effects of tibiotarsal acute joint inflammation on the expression of genes related to muscle atrophy (atrogin-1 and MuRF-1), differentiation and growing (MyoD) and mass regulation (myostatin) in soleus and tibialis anterior (TA) rat muscles. Changes in muscular crosssectional area (CSA) will also be identified. Methods: Fifteen Wistar rats were randomized and divided into three groups: 1) Control, 2) Inflammation, 3) Sham. A 0.03 ml of τ-carragenan or saline solution was injected into right tibiotarsal joint, in both Inflammation and Sham groups, respectively. The muscle fiber CSA analysis was performed in soleus and TA muscles. Real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to investigate gene expression in soleus and TA muscles, after 48 h of inflammation or effusion joint induction. Results: No significant changes were observed either in muscle and animal weights or in muscle fiber CSA among the groups (p>0.05). The Inflammation group enhanced atrogin-1, MuRF-1 and myostatin gene expressions; however, it decreased MyoD expression in TA muscle. On the other hand, the soleus muscle increased MuRF-1 and MyoD expressions. The Sham group presented an increase of atrogin-1 and myostatin in the TA, while soleus muscle decreased myostatin and enhanced MyoD expression. Conclusion: Both the tibiotarsal acute joint inflammation and the effusion regulate the expression of the genes related to atrophy, differentiation and mass control in rat muscles differently. In addition, this regulation between fast (TA) and slow (soleus) twitch muscles is done differently.