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Influência de dois programas distintos de atividade física sobre variáveis fisiológicas, antropométricas e de capacidades físicas, em pessoas com idade superior a 50 anos
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-04-17) Greve, Patricia; Rebelatto, José Rubens; https://lattes.cnpq.br/1684247449456330; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9814076011714692
This study aimed to compare the effects of a conventional program of exercises in groups with a program of resistance exercises, with respect to the following variables: systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), flexibility, handgrip strength and strength of lower limbs in knee extension. A total of 60 individuals participated in the present investigation, residents of São Carlos, of both sexes and aged over 50 years. The subjects were sampled by convenience and were divided into three groups: Control Group (GC), composed of 22 people who doesn t were engaged in any monitored and supervised physical activity, Group A (GA) formed by 21 subjects who underwent a program of physical activity in a conventional group, and Group B (GB) consisting of 22 individuals who participated in a program of resistance exercises. The measurements were made using a stethoscope and blood pressure gauges for measuring the BP, an anthropometric scale for measuring weight and height, a tape measure to check the CA, Bank of Wells for flexibility, and a manual dynamometer and isokinetic dynamometer to measure the handgrip muscular strength and knee extension, respectively. All subjects underwent an initial evaluation that consisted of: history, blood pressure measurement, body mass index calculation, measurement of CA, flexibility and muscle strength. Having been assessed, the volunteers in Group A began a program of exercises in the conventional group, which aimed to develop physical abilities such as flexibility, aerobic endurance, muscular strength and coordinating skills involving balance, agility and pace. This program was performed three times per week, each session lasting 50 to 55 minutes. The volunteers in Group B participated in a program of physical resistance exercises. The machines were the leg press, calf, back extension, abdominal, bench Press and rowing, and were used according to the periodicity of the training, with a frequency of three times per week and duration of 50 minutes per session. New measures were taken after intervals of three and six months as from the initial assessment of all groups. The statistical analysis was performed by way of a nonparametric analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis, Friedmam test, Wilcoxson test and Friedmam test replicated to two factors. As a result it was possible to observe a significant reduction in the SBP, DBP and BMI in Group B, significant reduction of WC in Groups A and B, increase in muscle handgrip strength after three months in Group A and after six months in Group B, significant increase in flexibility in both Groups A and B and significant reduction in strength in the knee extension at 60°/sec in Group A. Thus it was concluded that for all the variables, except for the strength of knee extension, at least one of the groups that underwent intervention showed significant improvements when compared to the control group. When the two programs were compared, the Geriatric Revitalization program was more effective for the variables of handgrip force and knee extension at 60º/sec. and at 180°/sec., while the program of resistance exercises generated better responses for SBP, DBP, BMI and WC.
Memórias de professoras de música: um olhar para práticas escolares entre as décadas de 1950 a 1980
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-04-17) Gonçalves, Arlete de Souza Ferreira; Joly, Ilza Zenker Leme; https://lattes.cnpq.br/5569335876343450; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0638896508329425
This manuscript is the result of a master s research aiming at describing and analyzing the professional paths and pedagogical practices of four music teachers that taught music in the interior of São Paulo State when the music was a compulsory course in Brazilian schools, from 1952 to 1971. These teachers lived through a period of transition and adaptation when music lost its curricular standing and was subsumed by a broader subject, Arts Education, in 1971. The research, of a qualitative nature, adopted the oral history method with emphasis on memory. The data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews and journals written by the participating teachers were used as a memory resource the analysis of the data was based on the theories of Paulo Freire and Ernani Fiori, in a Latin American perspective. Eclea Bosi, provided the foundation for the analysis of the teachers memoirs, and Fonterrada, and Joly informed the research with respect to music education. Nóvoa, about the teachers' life course and history. The analysis disclosed significant events in the personal histories of these music teachers and shed light on a period of Brazilian music education. The analysis of the significant moments in the participants careers promoted the knowledge on the environment of music education during a specific period of time and contributed to a more informed understanding about music, schools and teaching careers in Brazil.
Distribuição normal assimétrica para dados de expressão gênica
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-04-17) Gomes, Priscila da Silva; Tomazella, Vera Lucia Damasceno; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8870556978317000; https://lattes.cnpq.br/0798228363022868
Microarrays technologies are used to measure the expression levels of a large amount of genes or fragments of genes simultaneously in diferent situations. This technology is useful to determine genes that are responsible for genetic diseases. A common statistical methodology used to determine whether a gene g has evidences to diferent expression levels is the t-test which requires the assumption of normality for the data (Saraiva, 2006; Baldi & Long, 2001). However this assumption sometimes does not agree with the nature of the analyzed data. In this work we use the skew-normal distribution described formally by Azzalini (1985), which has the normal distribution as a particular case, in order to relax the assumption of normality. Considering a frequentist approach we made a simulation study to detect diferences between the gene expression levels in situations of control and treatment through the t-test. Another simulation was made to examine the power of the t-test when we assume an asymmetrical model for the data. Also we used the likelihood ratio test to verify the adequability of an asymmetrical model for the data.
Métodos para a determinação enantiomérica dos fármacos omeprazol, lansoprazol e pantoprazol em águas residuais e de estuário
(Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2009-04-17) Vanzolini, Kenia Lourenço; Cass, Quezia Bezerra; https://lattes.cnpq.br/9197210255594409; https://lattes.cnpq.br/8140494122257511
The use of restricted access media columns for direct injection of samples chemically complex is consolidated, but not for environmental samples. This work describes the conditions for exclusion of aquatic fulvic and humic acids. The analyses were performed comparing the areas obtained after direct injection of standards in a chromatography column of gel permeation (Tsk gel® G3000PWXL), and those obtained in in-line mode with the RAM-BSA. Through a calibration curve, using standards of sodium polystyrene sulfonates of different molecular weights, in order of the 18000 Da, the molecular weight of eluted fractions were determined. This work reports the development, validation and application of sensitive, precise and accuracy methods, by high performance liquid chromatography with direct injection of samples for the enantioselective determination of omeprazole, lansoprazole and pantoprazole drugs in environmental matrices (wastewater from the city of São Carlos, Brazil and estuarine water of the River Douro, Porto-Portugal). The methods were developed by multidimensional liquid chromatography using an octyl restricted access media bovine serum albumin column (RAM-BSA C8) in the first dimension for the exclusion of macromolecules and extraction of drugs. The enantiomeric separation of omeprazole was achieved in the second dimension with a chiral column, amylose tris (3,5-dimetylphenylcarbamate) coated onto APS-Nucleosil support, and the chiral column amylose tris (3,5- dimethoxyphenylcarbamate) coated onto APS-Nucleosil support it was used for simultaneous enantiomeric separation of lansoprazole and pantoprazole. Aliquots of 500μL of the samples were injected directly into the multidimensional chromatographic system with detection for ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis). The quantification limits obtained for the enantiomers of omeprazole were 15μg.L-1, and for the enantiomers of lansoprazole and pantoprazole 5.0 and 7.5μg.L-1, respectively. Lower quantification limits were obtained for the enantiomers of lansoprazole (0,60μg.L-1) and pantoprazole (0,40μg.L-1) by replacement of the UV-vis detector for the mass spectrometer in a multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode and increasing the injection volume for 1000μL.